儿童和青少年高血压(英文).ppt
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1、Childhood and Adolescent Hypertension,James H. Moller, M.D. Professor and former Head of Pediatrics University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota, 55455 molle002umn.edu,Childhood and Adolescent Hypertension,Cardiovascular Disease Prevention,Childhood and Adolescent Hypertension,Trends during past 50
2、 years- 1958-mostly “secondary” Primary considered rare. 2008-mostly “primary”, Secondary to obesity and lack of physical activity,Childhood and Adolescent Hypertension,Types of Cardiovascular prevention Primordial-Prevention of development of cardiovascular risk factors. Primary-Control cardiovascu
3、lar risk factors once they are present. Secondary-Reduction of risk factors once a cardiovascular event has occurred.,Childhood and Adolescent Hypertension,PDAY and Bogalusa Studies Fatty streaks in coronary arteries and aorta occur early in life. More advanced fibrous plaques in adolescents and you
4、ng adults.,Childhood and Adolescent Hypertension,PDAY and Bogalusa Studies Risk factors of high body mass index, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia strongly associated with extent of arterial lesions. Presence of multiple risk factors associated with higher risk of atherosclerotic lesions.,Childhood
5、and Adolescent Hypertension,Long-term study of children first seen from 1922 to1935. Of adolescents with BMI greater than 75% relative risk of death from coronary heart disease is 2.3. Also higher morbidity from coronary artery disease.,Childhood and Adolescent Hypertension,Clustering of Cardiovascu
6、lar Risk Factors Stroke associated with obesity and hypertension Obese children often have some degree of insulin resistance Insulin resistance syndrome occurs in children with truncal obesity, high triglycerides, low LDL-C, hyperinsulinemia,Childhood and Adolescent Hypertension,Evaluation of Childr
7、en and Adolescents History about physical activity, food choices, smoking, sleep disorders. Family history of early (under 55 years) of cardiovascular events or disease.,Childhood and Adolescent Hypertension,Evaluation of Children and Adolescents Careful and repeated measurement of blood pressure Me
8、asure height and weight-compare to growth charts Measure abdominal circumference Calculate body mass index (BMI) BMI=weight (kg)/height(M)squared,Childhood and Adolescent Hypertension,Blood Pressure Measurement All children over 3 years old in medical setting should have blood pressure measured. Aus
9、cultation preferred measurement method. Use appropriate sized blood pressure cuff. Elevated blood pressure measurement must be confirmed by repeat readings,Childhood and Adolescent Hypertension,Definition of Pre-hypertension Systolic or diastolic blood pressure between 90% and 95% for gender, age an
10、d height on at least 3 occasions. Blood pressure above 120/80 on at least 3 occasions.,Childhood and Adolescent Hypertension,Definition of Hypertension systolic or diastole pressure above 95% for gender, age and height on at least 3 occasions.,Childhood and Adolescent Hypertension,Management of Norm
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- 儿童 青少年 高血压 英文
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