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1、定语从句第四课 讲稿一、“介词+关系代词”用法(II)1. 动词短语中的介词一般不能提前。常见的这类动词短语有: look for/after/forward to、care for、 take care of、hear of/about/from, 等. The girl whom he is looking after is his sister.2. “表示全部或部分的词语 + of which/whom”结构引导的定语从句。常见的表示部分的词有:不定代词(all, both, none, some, most, several等);数词(基数词、序数词、百分数、分数);the + 形容
2、词最高级/比较级。(重点!)l John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom are family members.约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼,其中大部分是家族成员。重庆l There are 80 students in my class, 60% of whom are boys.l China has thousands of mountains, the highest of which is Mount Everest.3. “介词短语+关系代词which”结构引导的定语从句中作地点状语时,从句常用倒装语序。
3、He is studying in the classroom now, in front of which stand two trees.他现在正在那间教室里学习,教室前面有两棵树。4. “介词+which+名词”结构引导的定语从句。常见的这类结构有: l during which time 在此期间 l at which time在这时l at which point在这一时刻 l for which reason由于这个原因l in which case在这一情况下Mother is preparing lunch, during which time children are pla
4、ying outside. 妈妈在准备午餐,在此期间,孩子们在外面玩。He may win the competition, in which case he is likely to get into the national team. 他可能会赢得这场比赛,那样的话,他就有可能进入国家队。辽宁二、定语从句中的主谓一致主要注意“one of + 复数名词”和“the only one of +复数名词的情况”(先行词不一样)He is one of the students who have done a good job in the competition.He is the only
5、 one of the students who has done a good job in the competition.三、定语从句与其他常考句式的辨析1. 定语从句与同位语从句The rumor that he spread everywhere turned out to be untrue.(that连接,且在从句中做成分)The rumor that Tom was a thief turned out to be untrue.(that只起连接作用,不做成分)2. 定语从句和强调句区分方法:去掉It is/was that/who,看剩下的部分意思和结构是否完整,如果是,则
6、说明原句是强调句。l It is this street _I happened to meet him.l It is in this street _I happened to meet him. Athat Bwhere Cwhich Dfrom which3. 定语从句和并列句例如:怀特先生有三个儿子,他们都很勇敢。Mr. White has three sons, all of whom are brave.(定语从句)Mr. White has three sons, and all of them are brave.(并列句)Mr. White has three sons;
7、all of them are brave.(并列句)四、that也是关系副词?(1)如果way作先行词,定语从句中缺少方式状语,则从句用in which或that引导,关系词也可省略。如果定语从句中缺少主语或宾语,则用which或that引导该从句。若关系词在定语从句中作宾语,也可以省略。Please tell me the way (that/in which) you worked out the math problems. (that是关系副词)请告诉我你解出这几道数学题的方法。I think the way (that/which) he told me is the best.(
8、that是关系代词)我认为他告诉我的那个方法是最好的。(2)若time表示“一段时间”,且关系词在从句中作状语,则关系词用when或“at/during +which”;当time作“次数”讲时,关系词用that,也可省略。There was a time (when/during which) we lived in Beijing.有一段时间我们住在北京。I could hardly remember how many times (that) Ive failed.我几乎记不清曾经失败过多少次了。五、其他考点1. 疑问句中的关系词在从句中作宾语省略,容易忽略先行词的存在Is this t
9、he place (that/which) we visited yesterday?Is this place the one (that/which) we visited yesterday?Is this research center _ you visited last year?A. where B. that C. the one D. the one where2. “介词+关系副词”的结构From where(类比from behind the door),since whenWe stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town.3. 介词which/whom不定式The poor man has no house in which to live.= The poor man has no house in which he can live.l Franks dream was to have his own shop _ to produce the workings of his own hands. (湖南)A. that B. in which C. by which D. how
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