2019年大学核心商务英语读写教程3unit 8 Insurance and Financial Cooperation.ppt
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1、,UNIT EIGHT Insurance and Financial Cooperation,Objectives,Business language talking about insurance industry and claim,Business vocabulary insurance,Business focus car insurance,Business writing choosing insurance company,1. Background Information,2. Introduction to the Text,3. Business Terms,4. Wo
2、rds and Expressions,5. Notes to the Text,Text A Characteristics of Insurable Risks,The primary function of insurance is to act as risk transfer mechanism. Insurance will not, in itself, prevent any of risks from occurring but what it will do is provide some form of financial security. We know that t
3、here must be limits on the availability of this risk transfer mechanism. It is necessary to have some ideas of what can and cannot be insured. Rather than list the events themselves, we will note the characteristics or nature of insurable risks. There is one caveat which should be made at this point
4、: it is not possible, or indeed wise, to be dogmatic about these classifications of insurable risk. The world of business is not a static environment. It changes to adjust to circumstances as they are perceived, and what may be an uninsurable risk to day could very well be insurable tomorrow.,1. Bac
5、kground Information,Theme of the Text Text A mainly illustrates the characteristics of an insurable risk. Insurance involves pooling funds from many insured entities in order to pay for relatively uncommon but severely devastating losses which can occur to these entities. The insured entities are th
6、erefore protected from risk for a fee, with the fee being dependent upon the frequency and severity of the event occurring. In order to be insurable, the risk insured against must meet certain characteristics in order to be an insurable risk.,2. Introduction to the Text,本商务语篇为说明文体。,作为一种最为普及的、使用最广泛的风
7、险管理手段,保险不能将各种风险通通予以承保,这概念有理论上的限制,也存在着保险经营理念、手段和经营方法上的限制。对于客观存在的大量的风险,只有符合一定条件,才能成为保险经营的风险。本文准确、简明的描述了可保风险的七大主要特征并且运用大量的保险专业术语使文章趋于高度的专业化。,情态动词以及限定性动词的运用,使文章更为严谨带有明显的说明文特征。这样的词语如文中第四段中多次运用的“should”,第五段、第六段中的“must”,以及第六段中出现的“can”都是带有明显说明文特征的语篇标记。这些情态动词都使用在肯定句中,表达了命题句中的语气特征,其中“must”比“can”情态值高,说明了可保风险必须
8、具备的必要条件。但在第八段作者在描述保险公司的行为时用了低值情态动词“may”,说明在不同条件及社会发展的前提下对保险公司的可能性判断,使文章语言更为严谨。,文体特征分析,2. Introduction to the Text,In probability theory, the law of large numbers (LLN) is a theorem that describes the result of performing the same experiment a large number of times. According to the law, the average
9、of the results obtained from a large number of trials should be close to the expected value, and will tend to become closer as more trials are performed.,The Law of large numbers 大数定律,3. Business Terms,The practice of insurers transferring portions of risk portfolios to other parties by some form of
10、 agreement in order to reduce the likelihood of having to pay a large obligation resulting from an insurance claim. The intent of reinsurance is for an insurance company to reduce the risks associated with underwritten policies by spreading risks across alternative institutions.,Reinsurance 再保险,3. B
11、usiness Terms,(1) exposure /ikspu/ n.,ere,Meaning,4. Words and Expressions,Example,an insured entity,Insurance involves pooling funds from many insured entities (known as exposures) in order to pay for relatively uncommon but severely devastating losses which can occur to these entities. 保险是通过汇集多个风险
12、单位的资金来支付发生在他们身上的罕见但严重的灾难所带来的损失。,(2) criterion /kraitirin/ n.,ere,Meaning,4. Words and Expressions,Example,a standard which is established so that a judgment or decision, especially a scientific one, can be made,What are the criteria for deciding who gets the prize? 评定获奖者以什么为标准。,ere,Meaning,4. Words
13、and Expressions,Example,continuing for a long time,Every father should insure himself against premature death or prolonged illness for the sake of his wife and children. 为了妻子和孩子,每位父亲应该为自己英年早逝或久病不愈保险。,(3) prolonged /prld/ adj.,Meaning,4. Words and Expressions,Example,to be considered to be something,
14、The defeat constitutes a major set-back for our diplomacy 这次失败被视为我们外交上的重大挫折。,(4) constitute /knstitju:t/ v.,Meaning,4. Words and Expressions,Example,an act that sets in motion some course of events,That was the real trigger for the strike. 这是引起这次罢工的真正导火索。,(5) trigger /trig/ n.,Meaning,4. Words and E
15、xpressions,Example,done in order to make a big profit, but with a high risk that money will be lost,The boss has put all his money into that speculative enterprise. 这个老板把他的全部财产都投到那个投机事业中。,(6) speculative /spekju,ltiv/ adj.,Meaning,4. Words and Expressions,Example,to prevent something from developing
16、 and improving,In addition, I am concerned that the state of our natural environment should not constrain our development, and we will more vigorously pursue measures to improve our air and water quality and reduce waste. 此外,我关注到,本港的自然环境状况不应对我们的发展造成局限。我们会更积极采取措施,改善本港的空气质素和水质,并减少废物。,(7) constrain /kn
17、strein/ v.,ere,Meaning,4. Words and Expressions,Example,Several firms of mechanical engineering have been syndicated. 几家机械工程公司已组成了机械工程辛迪加。,organize into or form a syndicate,(8) syndicate /sindikit/ v.,ere,Meaning,4. Words and Expressions,Example,to be connected with a particular subject, activity, g
18、roup etc,The theories associated with contact and conflict relationship provides a possible answer to this question. 与接触、冲突关系相联系的理论对这一问题提供了可能的回答。,(9) be associated with,ere,Meaning,4. Words and Expressions,Example,more than a particular amount,Luggage in excess of 100 kg will be charged extra 超过100公
19、斤的行李要额外收费。,(10) in excess of,解析 本句是分词作状语的复合句。Since引导原因状语从句,现在分词allowing引导的词组作为状语,which引导的定语从句修饰 the law of large numbers。Benefit from意为“receive benefit or gain通过获益”,例如:The employee have benefit from the profit- sharing scheme. 雇员们从利润分享的计划中受益。,1. Since insurance operates through pooling resources, th
20、e majority of insurance policies are provided for individual members of large classes, allowing insurers to benefit from the law of large numbers in which predicted losses are similar to the actual losses. (Para. 2),5. Notes to the Text,解析 Be similar to 意为“resembling sth but not the same与相似,与类似,” 例如
21、:Then take a look at the cost of construction in China. The price of steel and cement may be similar to the UK. 看看中国的建设成本会发现,钢铁和水泥的价格和英国相差无几。,1. Since insurance operates through pooling resources, the majority of insurance policies are provided for individual members of large classes, allowing insur
22、ers to benefit from the law of large numbers in which predicted losses are similar to the actual losses. (Para. 2),5. Notes to the Text,解析 本句的主语为insurance premiums,谓语是need to cover其余部分为宾语。Issuing、 administering、adjusting和supplying引导的分词词组并列作为介词of的宾语表所属关系。过去分词needed引导的成分作为capital的后置定语。,2. Insurance pr
23、emiums need to cover both the expected cost of losses, plus the cost of issuing and administering the policy, adjusting losses, and supplying the capital needed to reasonably assure that the insurer will be able to pay claims. (Para. 5),5. Notes to the Text,解析 Assure意为“to make something certain to h
24、appen or to be achieved 确保;保证”,例如:We must provide the mechanism to assure that atomic energy is used for peaceful purposes。 我们必须规定一种有效途径以确保原子能只用于和平目的,2. Insurance premiums need to cover both the expected cost of losses, plus the cost of issuing and administering the policy, adjusting losses, and sup
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