《项目经理教程第七周(上).ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《项目经理教程第七周(上).ppt(47页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、Project Management 7. Managing Teams,Week 7,Our goal today is to develop and facilitate leadership, team building, performance management, and conflict management skills in the context of an IT environment,Main reference: Gray & Larson, 2006, Ch 11.,Effective Team Characteristics Why Join Teams? Tea
2、m Development Keys to Managing People Managing Project Teams Project Team Conflict Project Team Pitfalls,Effective Team Characteristics,What is a Team?,A team is a group of individuals who cooperate and work together to achieve a given set of objectives or goals (Horodyski, 1995).,is close cooperati
3、on between cross-trained employees who are familiar with a wide range of jobs in their organization,Teamwork,Team-building is high interaction among group members to increase trust and openness,Effective Team Characteristics 1 Project Team Size 2 Common Characteristics,Project Team Size Performance
4、is based on balance of members carrying out roles and meeting social and emotional needs,Project teams of 5 to 12 members work best,There are problems you encounter as size increases,It gets more difficult to interact with and influence the group Individuals get less satisfaction from their involvem
5、ent in the team People end up with less commitment to the team goals It requires more centralized decision making There is lesser feeling as being part of team,Project Team Size,The Mythical Man-Month,Assigning more programmers to a project running behind schedule will make it even later, due to the
6、 time required for the new programmers to learn about the project, as well as the increased communication overhead. - Fred Brooks,Fred Brooks The Mythical Man-Month,Group Intercommunication Formula n(n 1) / 2,Fred Brooks The Mythical Man-Month,Group Intercommunication Formula n(n 1) / 2 Examples,Fre
7、d Brooks The Mythical Man-Month,Group Intercommunication Formula n(n 1) / 2 Examples 5 developers - 5(5 1) / 2 = 10 channels of communication,Fred Brooks The Mythical Man-Month,Group Intercommunication Formula n(n 1) / 2 Examples 5 developers - 5(5 1) / 2 = 10 channels of communication 10 developers
8、 - 10(10 1) / 2 = 45 channels of communication,Fred Brooks The Mythical Man-Month,Group Intercommunication Formula n(n 1) / 2 Examples 5 developers - 5(5 1) / 2 = 10 channels of communication 10 developers - 10(10 1) / 2 = 45 channels of communication 50 developers - 50(50 1) / 2 = 1225 channels of
9、communication,Common Characteristics of High Performing Teams,Goals are clearly defined and matched with measurable outcomes,Accurate effective 2-way communication,Leadership is shared and participation encouraged,Effective decision making and problem solving,Team identity and cohesiveness,Diverse b
10、ackgrounds and experience,Cooperation and collaboration,They share a common identity,Figure 1 Characteristics or needs of effective teams (Horodyski, 1995, p12),Why Join Teams?,Why do people want to join teams?,Individual reasons Security Status Self-esteem Affiliation Power Goal achievement,Why do
11、teams work well for organizations?,Team Development,Project teams usually come together for a project and then disband. What challenges does this create?,Project team,Tuckman (1960s) published five stage model of team development,Figure 9.1 Stages of Team Development (Robbins et al, 1998, p309),Figu
12、re 11.1 The Five-Stage Team Development Model (Gray & Larson, 2006, p345),Implications for teams: A project manager needs to devote initial attention to helping the group evolve quickly to the (performing phase). This model provides a framework for the group to understand its own development. It str
13、esses the importance of the norming phase which contributes to the level of productivity.,Recent studies suggest that there is no standardized pattern of group development. What do you think about Tuckmans model? Does it feel right to you?,Punctuated Equilibrium Model (1988) Gersick found that there
14、 are natural transition points during the life of teams in which the group is receptive to change and that such a moment naturally occurs at the scheduled midpoint of a project By imposing a series of deadlines, with milestones, it is possible to create multiple transition points for natural group d
15、evelopment,Figure 11.2 The Punctuated Equilibrium Model of Group Development (Gray & Larson, 2006, p346),Training can help people understand themselves and each other, and understand how to work better in teams.,Training,The main goal of team development is to help people work together more effectively to improve project performance.,Team building activities include physical challenges and psychological preference indicator tools,
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-2835134.html