2018届高考英语总复习真题研练52牛津译林版201708201162.wps
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1、真题研练 5252 Task 1Task 1:阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A A、B B、C C、D D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 (2015北京,C) Life in the ClearLife in the Clear Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window.These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300
2、 feetas far as most light can reach.Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch.Sonke Johnsen,a scientist in biology,says, “These animals live through their life alone.They never touch anything unless theyre eating it,or unless something is eating them.” And they are as
3、clear as glass.How does an animal becomeseethrough? Its trickier than you might think. The objects around you are visible because they interact with light.Light typically travels in a straight line.But some materials slow and scatter(散 射 ) light, bouncing it away from its original path.Others absorb
4、 light,stopping it dead in its tracks.Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it,so you can see it easily. But a transparent object doesnt absorb or scatter light,at least not very much.Light can pass through it without bending or stopping.That means a
5、transparent object doesnt look very different from the surrounding air or water.You dont see ityou see the things behind it. To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light.Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments(色素) that absorb specif
6、ic colors of light.But a transparent animal doesnt have pigments,so its tissues wont absorb light.According to Johnsen,avoiding absorption is actually easy.The real challenge is preventing light from scattering. Animals are built of many different materialsskin,fat,and moreand light moves through ea
7、ch at a different speed.Every time light moves into a material with a new speed,it bends and scatters.Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering.Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat.Without much tissue to scatter light,it is easier to be seethrough.Others build a la
8、rge,clear mass of 1 nonliving jellylike(果冻状的) material and spread themselves over it. Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge,because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does.They need to look uniform.But how theyre doing
9、 it is still unknown.One thing is clear:for these larger animals,staying transparent is an active process.When they die,they turn a nontransparent milky white. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇科技说明文,文章解释了生活在海洋里的透明生物的特点、透 明原理以及形成机制。 1According to Paragraph 1,transparent animals _. Astay in groups Bcan be easily damaged C
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