1听力的命题规律和测试重点.ppt
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1、听力的命题规律和测试重点,A节19听力理解:B节1015听力理解:,解题技巧,1. 对话 1) 提前阅读选项,判断问题所属,从而集中精力于有关信息 2) 注意根据信息词汇判断地点和说话人的身份职业等 3) 注意加减运算,听到的不是答案 4) 注意记笔记,将人物、地点、时间等对号入座 从语法、短语含义入手,判断隐含之意,要边听边记 听力过程中要克服“偏重眼睛,死用耳朵,少用心机,不用嘴手”的毛病,要边听边想,同查做一些记录。录音中的细节,如重要的数字、人物、地名等,仅赁大脑记忆很难完全记住。因此,考试中可以有目 地的、有选择的加以记录,以便听完录音后能快速准确的选出答案。听到的是数字可用格子呢拉
2、伯数字记录,其它内容可用缩写或自己独创的理解符号来记录。总之,越简明越易记越好。,提高记笔记的效率 。 1。Use abr. esp.代especially,sth代something, apprec代appreciation等。 2. 没有缩略语的词汇,如字母较少的单词,可完整写出该词,如gift, take, 3.字母较多的单词(只写该词前几个字母;。缩略语不一定要求规范,甚室可用些符号,所记内容不一定要求完整,只要能起到提示的作用,自己能看懂就行了。,要善于阅读选择项 ,较短的选择项一般可采用扫视法;对于较长的选择项,可采用竖读法。 Example 1: A) Running. B) C
3、ycling. C) Fishing .D) Hunting. 只需用眼光掠过选择项,便可知是四种不同的活动。 Example2: A)A double room B)A single room C)A room on the top floor D)A room on the second floor. 。,Example 3: A)The worker had finished loading the truck. B)The worker had just started loading truck. C)The worker had gone home. D)The worker ha
4、d had a fight with the driver.,Example 4: A)Her son must leave for school at 7:30 B)Her son must go to work at 7:30 C)Her husband must have breakfast at 7:30 D)Her husband must get to office at 7:30,听力的命题规律和测试重,1对话 对话部分考查的重点有: 1)地点,职业 根据对话内容判断对话发生的地点或对话中所提事件发生的地点是英语听力测试中常见的也是比较重要的一个题型。地点,职业题一般有以下几种:
5、,content,Calculation Location Occupation Relationship of the speakers Inference negation,(1)根据信息词设题 W: Dear, I feel hungry now. How about you? M: So do I. Let me call room service. Hello, room service. Please send a menu to 302 right away. Q: Where are the two speakers? A. In a hotel. B. At a dinner
6、 table. C. In the street. D. At the mans house. 该题通过hungry和menu来迷惑同学们,引导大家选择B,其实,本题所借助的信息词是room service和302这个房间号,答案是A。,M: Can you stay for dinner? W: Id love to. But I have to go and send some registered mail before picking up the children from school. Q: Where will the woman go first? A. To the sch
7、ool. B. To a friends house. C. To the post office. D. Home 本题借助registered mail设题,答案是C。但这里同样也有地点的辨析问题,要求同学们能听出是“首先到地方“。,M: Excuse me, Im looking for the emergency room. I thought that it was on the first floor. W: This is the basement. Take the elevator one flight up and turn left. Q: Where did the c
8、onversation most probably take place? A. In a library B. In a hotel. C. In a hospital. D. In an elevator 本题设题所依据的信息词是emergency room,只要考生了解其语域就可判断答案为C。,(2)借助对话中提到的多个地点设题 有时对话中提到的地点不只一个,这时,一般是将所有的地点都包括在选项之中。这种情况下,同学们不必考虑信息词问题,只要能将地点与其相关事件联系起来就可确定答案。如: M: I did not see our boss yesterday. Has he come b
9、ack? W: He was just back from France besides visiting Britain, Germany, and Spain. Q: Which country did the woman visit first? A. France B. Britain C. Germany D. Spain 四个地点都是访问过的地点,要求同学们能够分清先后。答案为B。,M: Will Mr. Smith come to the party at the weekend? W: Hell be supposed to, but he wont be back from
10、his trip until the next week. Q: Where will Mr. Smith be on Saturday? A. At the party B. At home C. Still on his trip D. Back from his trip. 本题是将地点与时间连在一起,要求同学们在听的同时注意区别每个事件所发生的时间,答案为C。,地点类题提问形式:,Where does this conversation (most probably) take place? Where is this conversation (most probably )taki
11、ng place? Where does the man/woman plan/want to go? Where does the man/woman prefer to live/stay? Where is the man/woman working/living now? What place did the man/woman visit first/last? Where are the speakers now? Where isfrom? Where have they been to?,地点类题解题要领,熟悉世界上主要国家和英、美、加拿大主要城市和名称 抓住与特定场所有关的词
12、、词组和句型,推断暗示的地点。下面是常见的场合中可能出现的词汇和表达,熟悉了这些对应关系,需要时自然就会有对应联想。 总之,即便是直接型地点类题,命题人也不会设计成在录音原文中只出现一个地点的情况,而总会提及几个地点,起“声东击西“的作用,对考生进行思维干扰。因此考生切不可听到什么就选什么,而应加以分析,Situation Context,Relationship location key words Teacher-student /school homework, marks, assignment, grades, scholarship, tuition,credits, make-u
13、p exam professor, exam, campus, degree, semester, term, score, paper, lab test, course , credit , freshman ,sophomore, junior, senior, required/compulsory course, elective/optional course, registration etc.,缺课,缺课原因: (1)get ill 由于生病而缺课 (2)oversleep 睡过头了 (3)traffic jam 交通堵塞 (4)(car)break down 车抛锚,Stud
14、ent-librarian/library,borrow, return, fine, renew, due, overdue, periodicals, fiction, journal, take-out service, catalogue, list, latest issue, circulation desk, reference book, library card, publication, call number, stacks etc.,Customer- shop assistant/shop,price tag, price, on sale, bargain, fas
15、hion, pattern, cashier, check-out stand, receipt, expensive, cheap ,refund, discount, size ,color, style, fashion, counter, pay groceries, brand, installment, medium size, tight, out of style, cash or charge etc. What can I do for you? Is there anything I can do for you? Id like to see,买东西 (1) super
16、market 超级市场: supplies 生活用品,price tag 价格签,special offer/ on sale 打折,cart 手推车,vender 售货员,cashier 收银员 (2) department store 百货商店: appliance 家用电器, costume 服装, floor 层, mens 男装区, sports goods 体育用品, for sale 热卖中,待售中, discount打折,折头, 70% off 三折, produce 农产品,Hotel service people-customer/hotel reservation, ch
17、eck in, check out, reception desk, front desk, vacant room, single/double room, twin bed, porter, tip, full, room service put ones laundry in the laundry bag, lobby,Passenger-airport service people/ airport,stewardess, flight, take off, boarding gate claim your luggage, luggage claim area, , departu
18、re, security, clearance, green/red channel, boarding pass, check in, gate wing, boarding card, seat belt, economy class, airway, airline, get ones ticket punched, civil aviation, arrival/departure time, booking office, confirm the flight, check-in, non-stop flight, window seat,etc.,机场,常考思路: (1)票已售完
19、(2)接人(飞机)晚点 (3)送人伤感 see somebody off 常见线索词: airplane, flight 航班, direct flight 直航, transfer 转机, seat-belt=safety belt 安全带, first class 头等舱,,economy class 经济舱, take off 起飞, land 降落, circle 盘旋 wing: a.建筑物的附属楼 b.飞机的翅膀 c.鸡翅 terminal: a=final station 公交站最后一站站 b.候机大厅 domestic terminal 国内候机大厅, internationa
20、l terminal 国际候机大厅,customers house, declare, claim, pay duty on, duty free, free of charge, luggage, fill in the form etc. ,alcohol ,beverage, Do you have anything to declare?,Driver-policeman/ street,speeding ,violate the regulation, fine, license suspend your license, a ticket, traffic problem,Post
21、 office clerks customer /post office,letter address postage, registered mail ,airmail, ordinary mail , special delivery, envelope, stamp, parcel, telegram,Waiter, waitress/restaurant,menu 菜谱, order, tray, paper napkin, bill, tip, wine, change, waiter, drink, soft drink, salad, soup, dessert ,roast b
22、eef, steak, cafeteria, buffet, dessert, pizza, apple pie, chef, salt, pepper, soup, whisky, wine, champagne, mushroom, taste, serve, beverage, snack, go Dutch, treat sb.to sth., take the order, be full, Im full. go Dutch; Are you ready to order now? worth the money, etc,餐厅,(1)cafeteria 学校饭堂:meal car
23、d/ticket 饭卡/饭票,(2)restaurant:, book/reserve 预订 ,make a reservation 预定 上菜顺序:soup汤 main course主菜 salad 沙拉(chef salad招牌沙拉) dessert甜点 (pudding布丁, cheese , fruit),Plumber,sink, dripping faucet, drain, leak, pipe,clog,Doctor- patient/hospital,to suffer from, to give an injection, operation room, surgery,
24、wards, physical exam, cough, dizzy, high blood pressure,(hypertension) heart disease, diabetes, obess fever, headache, sore throat, sneeze, symptom, diagnosis, physician, surgeon, dentist, appointment, pharmacy,/drugstore/chemists, pill, tablet, capsule, dosage, syrup, pain-killer, tablet, have the
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