2018年高考英语一轮复习话题语篇专攻练25降饮食一外研版201709171158.wps
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1、话题语篇专攻练 2525 健康饮食( (一) ) ( (建议用时 4040分钟) ) . 阅读理解 A A It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar, but new research suggests a glass a day could form part of a diet. Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on
2、weight; those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight. A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says, “Light to moderate alcohol intake, especially of wine, may be more likely to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain. ”The International Scientific Forum o
3、n Alcohol research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions, particularly that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight. Boston Universitys Dr. Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms(生物 学机制)relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not pr
4、operly understood. His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes(糖尿病), which relate to increasing obesity. Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers. The gr
5、oup says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat, and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods. They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alc
6、oholic drinks, taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight. For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases ones risk of becoming obese. Whats more, a study three years ag
7、o suggested that resveratrol, a compound present in grapes and 1 red wine destroys fat cells. 【文章大意】人们普遍认为经常饮酒会导致肥胖, 但是最近研究人员发现适量饮酒可以起到 减肥的效果, 而且还可以防止糖尿病。 1. The passage is mainly for those_. A. who produce wine B. who have a drinking habit C. who go on a diet D. who are eager to lose weight 【解析】选 B
8、。推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句可知, 研究人员发现酒也可能成为人们饮 食的一部分, 适当饮酒并不会导致发胖。全文都在叙述与喝酒有关的研究, 那么本文应该是写 给那些喝酒的人的。故选 B。 2. The underlined phrase“in moderation”in the first paragraph means_. A. excitedly B. carefully C. frequently D. properly 【解析】选 D。词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句可知, 尽管酗酒的确可以增加体重, 但是那些 适当饮酒的人实际上会减肥。根据连词 while可知上下文存在对比关系, 所
9、以画线部分应该 和 heavy drinkers 对应, 指那些适量饮酒的人。故选 D。 3. What can we learn from the passage_. A. current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight B. resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat C. the research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect D. the specif
10、ic roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear 【解析】选 C。推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes, which relate to increasing obesity. ”可知 Dr. Harvey Finkel 指出适量饮酒对于糖尿病 有保护作用。故选 C。 4. What is
11、most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows? A. How to do some easy experiments. B. How to reduce the calories contained in wine. C. How to prove the finding mentioned above. 2 D. How to make wine in a healthy way. 【解析】选 C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Whats more, a study three years ago suggested th
12、at resveratrol, a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells. ”可知一项研究表明葡萄和红酒中存在的 resveratrol 实际上可以破坏脂肪细胞。那 么接下来就应该证明这一理论的正确性。故选 C。 3 B B (2017遵义模拟) Getting enough sleep on a regular basis is one important way to protect the health of your heart. Poor sleep is associated with a range
13、of cardiovascular(心 血 管 的)problems, including high blood pressure, heart attack, and heart failure. Both men and women are at increased risk for these conditions. But we continue to learn that when it comes to health problems associated with sleep, the particular risks to men and women are not alway
14、s the same. A new study suggests that for women who already have heart disease, poor sleep may be particularly dangerous to their heart health. Research indicates that poor-quality sleepand waking too early in particularis associated with increased inflammation(炎症)among women with heart disease. The
15、re was no similar association found for men, suggesting that women with heart disease and sleep problems may be at particular risk for inflammation that can be damaging to the heart. Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco investigated the relationship between sleep quality and in
16、flammation linked to coronary(冠状的)heart disease. They also sought information about how an association between sleep and inflammation might differ between men and women. Their investigation included 980 men and women at first, and 626 completed the 5-year study. All of those included were suffering
17、for coronary heart disease. The average age of men in the study was 66. Women were slightly younger, with an average age of 64. Researchers measured sleep quality by asking participants to rate their sleep over the previous month. They also asked for reports of some of the most common sleep problems
18、, including difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, waking frequently throughout the night, and waking too early in the morning. After 5 years, researchers repeated tests for inflammation and once again sought reports on sleep quality and sleep problems. When they analyzed data for bot
19、h men and women together, researchers found no links between inflammations and sleep quality. However, when they analyzed data taking gender(性别)into account, researchers found a relationship between inflammation and sleep existed for women, but not for men. 4 【文章大意】一项新的研究表明, 对于已经患有心脏病的女性来说, 睡眠不足可能对她
20、们的心 脏健康特别的危险。 5. When a person suffers from sleep disorder_. A. he/she is sure to have cardiovascular problems B. he/she may be in a state of poor health C. he/she must be in danger of heart disease D. he/she might get on poorly with others 【解析】选 B。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句 Poor sleep is associated with a rang
21、e of cardiovascular problems, including high blood pressure, heart attack, and heart failure. 可知睡眠不好, 他/她可能处于一种健康状况不佳的状态, 故选 B。 6. The researchers did the study_. A. to find a cure for women with heart disease B. to know what contributes to inflammation C. to look into the relationship between sleep
22、 quality and inflammation D. to track the lifestyle of men and women 【解析】选 C 。目的意图题。根据第三段第一句 Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco investigated the relationship between sleep quality and inflammation linked to coronary heart disease. 可知是为了调查睡眠质量与炎症的关系。 故选 C。 7. Which of the foll
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