英美国家概况(英国部分)Un分it 3 Political system.ppt
《英美国家概况(英国部分)Un分it 3 Political system.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英美国家概况(英国部分)Un分it 3 Political system.ppt(55页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、英美国家概况,The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,Unit 3,Political system,The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,Think about these questions before we start: 1. What are the main functions of Parliament? 2. What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government? 3
2、. What is a constitutional monarchy? When did it begin in Britain? 4. How did the Labor Party come into being? 5. Why and how did the English Parliament come into being?,Warming-up Activities,Monarchy Parliament Government Cabinet Political Parties General Election,Contents,The King or Queen is the
3、personification of the State.,1. Constitutional Monarchy,Britain doesnt have a constitution written down in a single document. The constitution flows from 6 sources: 1) The Royal Prerogatives 2) Statute Laws 3) Common Laws 4) Conventions 5) Authoritative Opinions 6) European Union Laws,The Constitut
4、ion,Basic Structure of UK Central Government,Theres actually no separation of power between the executive, the legislature, and the judiciary. This principle of dividing the functions of government is meant to ensure that theres no excessive use or abuse of power by any small group of people.,Separa
5、tion of Power, British Style,The PM is an active member of the legislative, yet also the leading member of the executive. The Lord Chancellor is a member of the cabinet and therefore of the executive as well as being head of the judiciary.,The House of Lords also has a right to vote on bills so they
6、re part of the legislative but the Lords also contains the Law Lords who are an important part of the judiciary. As with the PM, the members of the Cabinet are also members of the legislative who have the right, as an MP, to vote on issues.,Separation of Power,Separation of Power,Legislature,Judicia
7、ry,Executive,Parliament is the highest legislative authority in the UK the institution responsible for making and repealing (废止) all the UK laws. Its also known as the Legislature. Function: Make all the UK laws; Scrutinize (审查) government policy (The House of Lords) Debate the major issues of the d
8、ay.,Legislature = Parliament,Parliament consists of 3 constituent parts: Crown (Official Head) House of Lords (the Upper House) House of Commons (the Lower House) Whats the meaning of “parliament”? (A place for argument and debate) Which part is the most dominant one in the parliament?,The English p
9、arliament developed out of the Kings council of the 13th century. The House of Lords is the oldest part of Parliament. In the 14th century, parliament was formally divided into 2 parts: Lords and Commons. Until the 17th century, parliament was ruled by the King. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 marke
10、d the decisive shift in power from monarchy to Parliament. Since 1832, the year of the first Reform Act, the House of Commons has become more important,When was the parliamentary system instituted in Britain? (in the 13th century),Palace of Westminster (Houses of Parliament),House of Lords Red Chamb
11、er 红厅,House of Commons Green Chamber,The life of parliament is divided into periods called “sessions” (A session lasts for 1 year). The beginning of a new session, called the “State Opening of Parliament” , takes place in the House of Lords. Its a tradition for the monarch to open Parliament in pers
12、on. On the day, the Queen travels from Buckingham Palace to Parliament in the State Coach , a golden carriage. Once the Queen arrives at Parliament, the Union Flag is lowered and replaced by the Royal Standard.,The Monarch - Official Head of Parliament,Golden State Coach,From Buckingham to Westminst
13、er,The Throne in the Upper House,Black Rod,Knock 3 times,The Queen will then read out the Queens Speech, a document about 1,000 words in length prepared by the government. What is the speech about? In the document the government outlines its planned programmes and the policies it intends to follow.
14、When the one-week debates on the Queens speech are finished, Parliament is ready to begin the actual work of the new session.,The Queens Speech,It exercises the supreme judicial power. It has over 1000 non-elected members: 1. Lords Spiritual : 2 archbishops and 24 diocesan bishops. Their eligibility
15、 to sit ends on retirement. 2. Law Lords: 12 Chief Judges 3. Hereditary Peers : Duke, Marquis, Earl, Viscount, Baron (royal descendants) 4. Life Peers : The life peer is given a title by the Crown during his/her lifetime, in honor of his or her professional achievements. The title is NOT hereditary.
16、,The House of Lords,The most powerful and important element in UK. Three main functions: 1) Make laws; 2) Control and criticize the executive government; 3) Control the raising and spending of money,The House of Commons,Leader of his party in the House of Commons Head of the government Chief spokesm
17、an for the government He has the right to select his cabinet, hand out departmental positions, decide the agenda for cabinet meetings which he also chairs. He directs and controls policy for the government. He keeps the Queen informed of government decisions. (weekly meeting with the Queen),The Prim
18、e Minister,The PM selects his own Cabinet and he will select those people who: Have ability Have demonstrated good party loyalty Have clearly demonstrated loyalty to the PM himself,W,Making New Laws This is what happens in the chamber, but in fact theres much happening elsewhere in the Commons which
19、 has hundreds of rooms. Therere committee rooms, offices and a library, a barbers shop, post office and restaurants. MPs meet in committees, or do their office work or meet visitors.,What Goes on in the House of Commons?,Many hours are spent debating issues of national and international importance.
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英美国家概况英国部分Un分it Political system 国家 概况 英国 部分 Un it
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-2892894.html