2017年高二英语暑期作业复习方法策略15讲第3讲数词代词及主谓一致的5个歌诀与3种方法201708.wps

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1、第 3 3 讲 数词、代词及主谓一致的 5 5 个歌诀与 3 3 种方法 备考指导 数词、代词及主谓一致是历年高考中的必考点，对于代词的考查不同的省份考查 的形式不同，有的是以单项填空的形式，有的是以语法填空的形式，有的是以短文改错的形式 进行考查。数词的用途是很广的，尤其是在写作中。对主谓一致的考查形式通常是单项填空或 短文改错，它的用途是最广的，每一个句子都要涉及到主谓一致。 一、5 5 个歌诀帮你牢记相关知识 1 1人称代词用法歌诀 人称代词分两路，主格宾格来分说。主格句中作主语，宾语用的是宾格。人称代词也有数，单 数复数莫用错。单个代词作句子，主语也应用宾格。例如：Tom，come h

2、ere! Me? 2 2物主代词用法歌诀 物主代词两类型，形容词性、名词性。形容词性作定语，后面定把名词用。名词性独立用，主 宾表语它都充。 3 3反身代词用法歌诀 反身代词莫乱用，能作句中宾(宾语)、表(表语)、同(同位语)，主语、定语不能用，固定搭配 要记清。 4 4基数词变序数词歌诀 一、二、三，特别例，结尾字母 t，d，d。th，四加起，八去 t，九去 e，y 要用 ie替。ve必 须变 f，five，twelve 是俩兄弟。若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。 5 5英语分数巧记歌诀 “”英语分数不费事， 母序子基 四个字，分子若是大于一，分母还需加s。 二、3 3 种解题方法 方法 1

3、 1 明确指代法 在解答代词题目时，我们应首先分析前后文，明确代词所指代的对象，从而避免误判。具体说 来应从以下几方面考虑：(1)代词指代的是人还是物；(2)代词指代的是可数名词还是不可数名 词；(3)代词指代的是特指还是泛指概念；(4)代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者 以上；(5)代词所表示的是肯定还是否定概念。 典 例 展 示 1 (2016全 国 卷 )It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot._ 1 答案 manymuch 解析 本句中代词 much代替不可数名词 much money 作动词 cost的宾语，而

4、many 通常代替可 数名词的复数形式。故 many改为 much。 典例展示 2 Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said _ was a wonderful holiday destination. 答案 it 解析 从空后的 a wonderful holiday destination 可以知道，这个地方就是 Miami，用 it指 代前面提到的地点。故答案为 it。 方法 2 2 理清逻辑法 理清逻辑法主要是通过

5、分析上下文所蕴涵的逻辑关系才能做出正确判断。具体说来应从以下方 面去考虑：(1)代词所表示的范围；(2)代词表示的是全部否定还是部分否定。 典例展示 1 (2016全国卷 )If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books._ 答案 yourour “解析 由前面的 we go on a trip”“和 we can broaden”可知，应把 your 改为 our。 典例展示 2 Now it occurred to _ that his farm

6、had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. 答案 him 解 析 由 前 文 可 知 ， 此 处 指 突 然 发 生 在 他 身 上 的 事 情 。 It occurs/occurred to sb.that .“”某人突然想到。故答案为 him。 方法 3 3 分清主语、找准谓语法 做主谓一致的题目时，由于在句子中，有一些主语容易受到别的词的影响，往往造成一些理解 上的错误，如主语后面接 with，together with，along with，but，as well as等短语时，谓 语应与前面的

7、名词保持一致，记住：谓语动词的单复数要和主语中的中心词取得一致。 典 例 展 示 1 (2016浙 江 高 考 )He would ask who we was and pretend not to know us._ 答案 waswere 解析 主语是 we，故应把谓语 was 改为 were。 典例展示 2 Two fifths of the land in that district _(be) covered with trees and grass. 2 答案 is 解析 is 谓语与 the land 一致，用单数。 典例展示 3 He is the only one of the

8、 students who _ (be) a winner of scholarship for three years. 答案 has been 解析 谓语应与 the only one 一致，又由 for three years 可知用完成时。跟踪训练 考点突破 . .用所给动词的适当形式填空 1 The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials ， the rest of which _(save) for other purposes. 2One third of the country _(cover) with trees and t

9、he majority of the citizens _(be) black people. 3The writer and translator _(be) delivering a speech in our school now. 4He or I _(be) to go. 5_(be) not only the students but also their teacher required to attend the meeting? 6Ten years _(be) a moment in history. 7A third of his compositions _(have)

10、 been corrected. 8The unknown _(be) always something to be feared. 9Either you or the headmaster _ (be) to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting. 10Every possible means _(use) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. . .单句改错 1Mine own experience can serve a

11、s a case in point._ 2I think I can improve me a lot in this way，because where there is a will, there is a way._ 3As time goes on, people will know yourself better and be willing to make friends with you._ 4For quite a number of children, their teachers advice is more acceptable than 3 one of their p

12、arents_ 5Give me a challenge，and I will meet them with joy._ 6Tom have been reading that book all the morning so he is tired now._ 7As everybody knows, politics are now taught in all schools. _ 8Kate, one of my good friends, come from Guangzhou._ 9As we all know, people speaks English all over the w

13、orld._ 10It is the parents and their son that wants to buy the bicycle._ 能力提升 . .阅读理解 Gold Coast theme parks come in all shapes and sizes and whether you like roller coasters(过山车) or patting furry animals，youre sure to find something. Movie WorldMovie World Movie world is the only movierelated theme

14、 park in Australia.With one of the best coast and a good handful of movierelated rides，youll experience a funfilled adventure with the glamour of Hollywood.Get “behind the scenes” movie information and stunt(特技) shows to keep the whole family entertained for the best part of a day. Contact Informati

15、on： Phone：0755738485 Address：Pacific Motorway，Oxenford，Queensland 4210 Sea WorldSea World With an obvious emphasis on things that live in the water，Sea World has a fantastic range of fish ，sharks ，dolphins ，seals ，polar bears and other animals in the water.With a bunch of great rides，water slides an

16、d roller coasters，Sea World is known as the best allround theme park on the Gold Coast. Contact Information： Phone：0755882222 Address：Sea World Drive，Main Beach，Queensland 4217 Tropical Fruit WorldTropical Fruit World Home of the worlds largest variety of tropical fruits，its free to get in and shop

17、for varieties of strange and wonderful fruits，or you can pay to check out the 4 plantation safaris(游猎)，mini train rides，jungle cruises(丛林大漂流) and fruit tasting shows.Admission is 32 for adults and 15 for kids and free for kids under 5. Contact Information： Phone：0266777222 Address：Duranbah Road，Dura

18、nbah，NSW 2487 Currumbin Wildlife SanctuaryCurrumbin Wildlife Sanctuary Crocodiles，kangaroos，koalas and almost all of the other famous Australian native animals are living in Currumbin Wildlife Sanctuary.You can look at them，feed and pat some of them or just experience the fantastic 27hectare bush la

19、nd settingan oasis of wildlife among the Gold Coast bustle(喧闹) Contact Information： Phone：0755341266 Address：28 Tomewin Street Currumbin，Queensland 4223 1If you want to watch stunt shows，you can go to _ AMovie World BSea World CTropical Fruit World DCurrumbin Wildlife Sanctuary 2If you like sea anim

20、als，you can go to _ AMovie World BSea World CTropical Fruit World DCurrumbin Wildlife Sanctuary 3We can take a jungle cruise at _ APacific Motorway，Oxenford，Queensland 4210 BSea World Drive，Main Beach，Queensland 4217 C28 Tomewin Street Currumbin，Queensland 4223 DDuranbah Road，Duranbah，NSW 2487 4If a

21、 father and his 4yearold son want to visit Tropical Fruit World，they should 5 pay _ A. 15 B. 30 C. 32 D. 47 . .完形填空 My son Joey was born with clubfeet(畸形足)The doctors told us that with treatment he would be able to walk normally _1_ would never run very well.The first three years of his life were sp

22、ent in _2_By the time he was eight，you _3_ he had a problem when you saw him walk. The children in our neighborhood ran around as most children do during play，and Joey would _4_ and play，too.We _5_ told him that he probably wouldnt be able to _6_ as well as the other children.So he didnt know. In se

23、venth grade he decided to go out for the cross country _7_Every day he trained with the team.He worked harder and ran more than any of the others perhaps he _8_ that the abilities that seemed to come _9_ to so many others did not come naturally to him.Although the _10_ team runs，only the top seven r

24、unners have the potential(可能 性) to _11_ points for the school.We didnt tell him he probably would never _12_ the team，so he didnt know. He _13_ to run four to five miles a day，every day even the day he had a 103degree fever.I was _14_，so I went to look for him after school.I found him running all al

25、one.I asked him how he felt.“_15_，” he said.He had two more miles to go.The sweat _16_ his face and his eyes were glassy from his fever.Yet he _17_ straight ahead and kept running.We never told him he couldnt run four miles with a 103degree fever.So he didnt know. Two weeks later，the name of the tea

26、m runners were _18_Joey was number six on the list.Joey had made the team.He was only in seventh the other six team members were all _19_We never told him he shouldnt _20_ to make the team.We never told him he couldnt do it，so he didnt know.He just did it. 1A.however Bor Cbut Dthough 2A.attention Bd

27、evelopment 6 Ccirculation Dtreatment 3A.wouldnt know Bdidnt imagine Cshouldnt find Dcouldnt identify 4A.keep just out Bjump right in Cstand only behind Dsit still away 5A.never Bgenerally Coften Dsincerely 6A.live Bjump Crun Dhope 7A.competition Bclass Cgame Dteam 8A.meant Bsensed Cshowed Dnoticed 9

28、A.eventually Bsuddenly Csafely Dnaturally 10A.entire Bsame Cother Dall 11A.score Bcollect Cpay Dcatch 12A.join Benter Cmake Dkeep 13A.liked Bcontinued Choped Daimed 14A.moved Bexcited Cencouraged Dworried 15A.Never mind BOkay CDont worry DSorry 16A.ran down Bcame from Cdropped off Dcame down 17A.sto

29、od Blooked Cfaced Dglanced 7 18A.made Bcalled Cdesigned Dchecked 19A.sixthgraders Bseventhgraders Ceighthgraders Dfifthgraders 20A.expect Bfight Cavoid Drefuse . .语法填空 A A One day, as Zeng Zis wife was going out, her child began to cry, begging to go with 1._ “Stay home”， the mother said to him. “Wh

30、en 2._ return, well kill a pig for 3._ dinner”！ When she came back, 4._ found Zeng Zi preparing to slaughter a pig for the childs meal. She hurried over to stop 5._“： What are you doing? Youre not really going to kill a pig, are you? I was just kidding him”！ “How can 6._ lie to children”？ Zeng Zi re

31、plied. “7._ learn each and 8._ movement from 9._ parents. If 10._ deceive your child with lies, you are teaching the child to lie. One cannot educate children this way.” In the end, Zeng Zi killed the pig. B B Our school library, along with many other buildings, is very different from other schoolsT

32、here 1._ (be) two computer rooms, three art rooms, a meeting room and a reading room in the library building. The number of the books 2._ (be) large, and maybe there are 100，000 books in it. It is said that all the books cost our school 200，000 dollars. Maybe 200，000 dollars 3._ (be) large to every

33、student. In the era of knowledge explosion, the number of the students who 4._ (have) a thirst for knowledge is increasing day by day. Nowadays, our library has been developed into a multifunctional building. There are 50 computers in it. Many a student 5._ (like) to surf the Internet at weekends he

34、re, and now you can see that my classmates, Mike and John 6._ (play) computer games there. 8 When you turn to another room, you will find that a professor and writer 7._ (deliver) a speech. Each boy and each girl 8._ (focus) on his interesting speech. Every time there is a wonderful speech, the audi

35、ence always 9._ (cheer) up. You are entering our art exhibition. A teacher with his students is at the room. On the wall 10._ (be) 100 pictures, which attract many students. An expert and teacher is explaining something important to us. 9 第 3 讲 数词、代词及主谓一致的 5 个歌诀与 3 种方法 考点突破 . .1.were saved 2.is cove

36、red；are 3.is 4.am 5Are 6.is 7.have 8.is 9.is 10.have been used . .1.MineMy 2.memyself 3.yourselfyou 4onethat 5.themit 6.havehas 7areis ecomes 9.speaksspeak 10wantswant 能力提升 . .1.A 细节理解题。根据对 Movie World 的介绍中的第一段最后一句可知，在这个公园内人 们可以看到特技表演。 2B 细节理解题。根据对 Sea World的介绍可知，这个公园重点展示的是水生动物，因此如 果你喜欢海洋生物，你可以到 Sea

37、 World参观。 3D 细节理解题。通读全文可知，只有对 Tropical Fruit World的介绍中提到了 jungle cruises(丛林大漂流)，因此 D 项正确。 4C 数字计算题。根据对 Tropical Fruit World 的介绍中的最后一句可知，该公园的门票 价格是：成人 32美元，五岁以上(含五岁)儿童 15 美元，五岁以下儿童免费。因此 C 项正 确。 . .1.C “考查连词。根据下文提到 .would never run very well.”，可知能正常走但不能 跑得很好。故选 C 项。 2D 考查名词辨析。attention注意力；development

38、发展；circulation 循环；treatment “治疗。由第二句中 The doctors told us that with treatment he would.”可知，前三年的 时间都花在治疗上了。故选 D。 3A “考查上下文呼应。根据上文提到 The doctors told us that with treatment he would be able to walk normally but would never run very well.”，可知经过治疗后走路看不出 问题，故选 A 项。 4B 考查语境。句意为：玩的时候，其他的孩子跑呀跳呀，我的儿子也能参与其中。故

39、选 B 项。 5A 考查副词辨析。never决不；generally 一般地，广泛地；often经常；sincerely 真 诚地。根据第三段提到“We didnt tell him he probably would never _ the team，so 10 he didnt know.”，可知我们从没告诉过孩子做哪些动作不行，故选 A 项。 6C 考查动词辨析。live生活；jump跳；run 跑步；hope希望。句意为：我们没有告诉他， 他不能像其他孩子那样跑。故选 C 项。 7D 考查上下文呼应。根据后面的“Every day he trained with the team.”，

40、可知在七年 级时，他决定去参加校越野队。team 团队。故选 D 项。 8B 考查动词辨析。mean打算；sense意识到；show展示；notice注意。句意为：儿子训 练刻苦是因为自己已经隐隐约约地意识到了自己的残疾，即缺乏与生俱来的跑的能力，故选 B 项。 9D 考查副词辨析。eventually最终地；suddenly突然地；safely安全地；naturally自 “”然地。本处指对别人而言很 自然地 事。故选 D。 10A 考查形容词辨析。the entire.整个的；same同样的；other别的；all the. 全部的。虽然整个队伍都在跑，但是只有七人能有机会得分。故选 A。

41、 11A 考查固定搭配。整个队伍只有七人能有机会得分。score points 得分。故选 A。 12C 考查固定搭配。make the teamjoin in the game加入团队。故选 C。 13B 考查动词辨析。like 喜欢；continue 继续； hope 希望；aim 目标。根据本句话中提 “到的 run four to five miles a day，every day”，可知是继续跑，故选 B 项。 14D 考查形容词辨析。moved 感动的；excited激动的；encouraged 受到鼓舞的；worried “担心的。根据下文提到 .so I went to lo

42、ok for him after school.”，可知作者很担心他， 故选 D 项。 15B “考查语境。我问孩子感觉怎么样，孩子应说 (Okay)很好”。故选 B。 16A 考查短语辨析。本处指汗水顺着脸颊流下来(run down)。故选 A。 17B 考查固定搭配。look straight 看着前方。他发着烧，流着汗，但是仍然目视前方继 续跑。故选 B。 18B 考查动词辨析。句意为：两周之后，名单公布。call 宣布(读)，叫。故选 B 项。 19C “根据语境，只有儿子是七年级的，其余六个都应比他大，故应为 eighthgraders(八 年级)”。故选 C。 20A 考查动词辨析。expect 期望；fight 斗争；avoid避免；refuse 拒绝。句意为：我们 从没说过他不能对此抱有希望。故选 A 项。 .A.A 1.her 2.I 3.your 4.she 5.him 6.we 7They 8.every 9.their 10.you 11 B B 1.are 2.is 3.is 4.have 5.likes 6.are playing 7.is delivering 8.is focusing 9.cheer/cheers 10are 12