Geartraining.ppt
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1、,Janne Vuola,Konecranes Standard Lifting Oy Gear Training 齿轮知识培训,Gear Training,Agenda: 课程 Piece of theory 齿 轮 理 论 知 识 Manufacturing technology 齿 轮 制 造 技 术 ,Gear Training Gear types,Bevel gears 锥齿轮(伞齿轮) Spur gear (Ext., Int.) 圆柱齿轮 Worm gears 蜗轮 Rack and pinion 齿轮齿条 ,description of teeth 齿部名称描述 tooth
2、trace root line tip surface flank 啮合线 齿根线 齿顶面 齿腹 tip trace 顶棱 齿顶圆 Tip circle Addendum flank 上(顶)腹 dedendum flank 下(根) 腹 Root surface Bottom surface Root circle Reference circle 齿根面 齿底面 齿根圆 分度圆,Gear Training Terminology,Gear Training Terminology,module m = reference diameter d / number of teeth z 模数=
3、分度圆直径/齿数 Or 或 m = pitch P / 模数=齿距/圆周率 pitch P = d/z 齿距=圆周率X分度圆直径/齿数,Gear Training Terminology,Anglo-American countries uses DP (diametral pitch) 英制单位 DP (法向齿距) 换算: DP = 25,4/P = 25,4 / m,Gear Training Involute gear,Involute curve,most popular gear type 最常用的齿形 Gear flank surface is involute shaped 齿腹
4、为渐开线齿形 渐开线 Basic circle 基 圆 ,Pressure angle 压力角 Normally 20 deg. In Konecranes gears 科尼齿轮通常为20度。,Gear Training Terminology,protuberance (pp) used when work allowance (p) needed,Gear Training Terminology,Gear Training Terminology,Addendum modification 齿顶高变位 =xm, in mm =变位系数乘以模数 单位 mm Used to avoid un
5、dercut with small Z gears 变位用来避免由于最少齿数产生的根切现象 Can also be used to adjust center distance of gear pair 也可以用于调整齿轮副中心距 da will increase with small z, therefore big counter gear da need to be decreased to keep the center distance same 变位还可以减少由于大质数齿数产生的齿顶高增加 现象,从而保证中心距。,Manufacturing methods for cylindri
6、cal gears 圆柱齿轮加工方法,Gear Training Manufacturing technology,Soft machining 软齿面加工,cutting with geometrically determined tools 展成法加工,forming methods 仿形法,Hobbing 滚齿,Gear shaping插齿,Shaving 剃齿,Forging精锻,Pressing,Rolling 热轧齿,Broaching 拉齿,Profile cutting齿,Form shaping 挤齿,Casting铸齿,Sintering 粉末烧结,Precision cu
7、tting 铣齿,Heat treatment 热处理,Hard finishing 硬齿面加工,cutting with geometrically determined tools,cutting with geom. undetermined tools,Skiving (hard hobbing) 硬质合金滚刮加工,Geargrinding 磨齿,Honing 珩磨齿,Profile grinding,Lapping 对滚,Hard broaching 拉刮齿,Quality classes used for different purpose 各类机械传动所应用的齿轮精度等级,Gea
8、r Training Manufacturing technology,Usage 应用场合,Quality class,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,Measuring devices 测量仪器用齿轮,Automotive 汽车传动齿轮,Machine tools 机床及工具齿轮,Aircrafts 航 空 齿 轮,Precisio instruments 精密仪器用齿轮,Marine, pumps, buses, trucks 船用,泵阀用,载重汽车类齿轮,Locomotives, other rail vehicles 火车,轨道列车用齿轮,Printing ma
9、chines, paper machines, rubber industrial machines, rolling mills 打印机,造纸机,橡胶设备,磨粉机齿轮,Machines in Chemical industry, tractors, construction machines 化工机械,拖拉机,建筑机械用齿轮,Textile industry machines 纺织机械用齿轮,Lifting and transporting devices 起重及传送机械用齿轮,Cement industry machines, wood and pulp industry 水泥工业机械,木
10、材及纸浆机械齿轮,Achievable quality classes by different methods for typical cylindrical gears used by KC 圆柱齿轮不同加工工艺所能达到的精度等级 Hobbing, finished without hardening 7-8 滚齿作为齿轮终加工 7-8 级 Hobbing, hardened, no finishing after heat treatment 8-10滚齿后通过热处理使齿面硬化 后 达到810级。 Hobbed and shaved, hardened 8-9 滚齿,剃齿后表面硬化 达到
11、89级 Hobbed, hardened, skived (hard hobbing) 7 滚齿,齿面硬化,滚刮加工后 达到7级 Hobbed, hardened, ground or honed 3-6 滚齿,齿面硬化,磨齿或珩磨齿后可达到36级 滚 齿 刀 和 插 齿 刀 剃 齿 刀 珩 磨 轮,Gear Training Manufacturing technology,Gear Training Manufacturing technology 齿 轮 加 工 技 术,Gearwheel blank turning 盘类齿轮坯车削加工 Important issues 重要问题 Mac
12、hine all around - two clamping required 全部加工需要两次装夹。 Other side and bore are finished in OP20 另一面和镗孔加工一次完成。 This side must be known in later phases! 此面在下道工序中必须能被识别。 Bore diameter is affecting to runout of teeth 孔公差将影响齿轮的跳动。 Gearshaft blank turning 齿轮轴毛坯车削加工 Important issues 重要问题 Quality and position
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