THXHT2TranslatedVersion.ppt
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1、1,THX Professional Certification Home Theater 2 THX专业认证 家庭影院第2级,Guangzhou, China 中国广州 December 2008 2008年12月,2,Housekeeping 课堂纪律,Please turn cell phones to off or buzz 请将手机关闭或切换至振动状态 We assume you now know basic audio and video 我们假设今天来上课的学员都具备基本的影音知识 There are no dumb questions but please keep on tr
2、ack (mostly) 欢迎提问,但请不要离题,3,Topics - Day One 授课内容-第1天,Room Design 房间设计 Shape and Size 形状与尺寸 Reflected Sound Control 反射声的控制 Noise Control 噪声控制 Isolation 隔声 Lighting and control 灯光和中控 Room Finishes 房间内装饰 Seating 座椅,Topics Day One 授课内容第1天,Video System 视频系统 Display Size 显示设备的尺寸 Display Technologies 视频显像技
3、术 Audio System 音频系统 Speaker Placement 扬声器摆位 Speaker Type 扬声器类型 Automation 中控系统 Business Considerations 商业要素,THX Confidential 4,Topics Day Two 授课内容第2天,System Hookup 系统连接 System Setup 系统设置 System Verification 系统检验 Mechanical 物理连接 Electrical 电子信号 System Calibration 系统调试,THX Confidential 5,6,The THX Goa
4、l THX设计目标,Totally involve the client in the story being presented 让观众完全融入到电影的故事情节当中 Just as it was created in the studio 观众所感受到的音画效果等同于电影后期工作室 Free from distraction and fatigue 完全排除所有干扰元素,彻底消除观看疲劳 At every seat 每个位置都是“皇帝位” Regardless of price 无论预算的高低,都应当在设计时充分考虑以上所有因素,7,The Solution 解决方案,Replicate t
5、he critical elements of the studio environment as much as the budget and decorator will allow 在预算和室内装修条件允许的前提下,尽可能多地复制电影后期制作室内的每一项重要元素,8,The Reference 参考标准,The standard of quality: Film studio screening rooms (not your local multiplex) 质量标准:电影公司的审片室(不是你家附近的多厅影院) Quality defined by dozens of internat
6、ional standards and industry best practices 质量标准的确定来源于多项国际标准和最佳工业实践,Stag Theatre, Skywalker Ranch,9,Ambience & Foley,Elements,100,000+ Pieces 超过10万条声音片段,Dialogue 对白,Music 音乐,Sound Effects 声音效果素材,Pre-Mix 前期混音,Dialogue,Effects A,DME Pre-Mix DME前期混音,Multi-channel Print Master 多声道混音,Effects B,Music Left
7、,Music Center,Copyright THX Ltd,Music Right,Music,Left Surround,Right,Channel,Left,Channel,Center,Channel,Surround L,Channel,Surround R,Channel,Music,Right Surround,LFE,Surround Back,10,Layout of a Movie Theater: 电影院平面图,3 Screen speakers(三只银幕扬声器) Left Center Right 3 Surround arrays (三组环绕声场) Left Sid
8、e Right Side Rear Subwoofers (bass managed) 超低音扬声器(低音管理) All seats face screen 所有座位都面对银幕 Good sight and sound lines 良好的视线和声线 Screen size is 0.93x seating distance (45 optimum) 银幕宽度=0.93x座位与银幕的距离( 45最佳) THX Screen size front to back (36 - 52) THX银幕水平视角,从后排到前排(36 - 52),11,Layout of a Post Production S
9、tage: 电影后期工作室平面图,3 Screen speakers(三只银幕扬声器) Left Center Right 3 Surround arrays (三组环绕声场) Left Side Right Side Rear Subwoofers (bass managed) 超低音扬声器(低音管理) All seats face screen 所有座位都面对银幕 Good sight and sound lines 良好的视线和声线 Screen size is 0.93x seating distance (45 optimum) 银幕宽度=0.93x座位与银幕的距离( 45最佳),1
10、2,Layout of a Home Theater: 家庭影院平面图,3 Screen speakers 3只银幕扬声器 3 Surround channels 3路环绕声道 Subwoofers 超低音扬声器 All seats face screen 所有座位都面对屏幕 Good sightlines 良好的视线 Screen size is 28 - 52 (40 optimum) depending on many variables 水平视角为28 - 52 (40 最佳),实际尺寸取决于很多因素,13,Performance Goals of Home Theatre Audio
11、 家庭影院的性能标准音频,Dialog clarity and articulation 对白清晰度和准确度 Precise sound localization 精确的声音定位 Smooth sound movement 平滑的声像移动 Spacious surround 极具空间感的环绕声场 Smooth tonal balance 平衡的音色 Tight bass 快速紧凑的低频表现 Full dynamics 宽广的动态范围 Every seat a good seat 每个位置都是皇帝位,14,Room Basics 房间设计基础知识,Stick to rectangular sha
12、pes. 长方形的房间是最佳选择 Other shapes can work, but are difficult to predict and control. 其他形状的房间并无大碍,但很难对房间内的各种声学参数进行预测和控制 Stick to rectangular rooms! 始终选择长方形房间! Squares Not great 正方形不理想 Circles, Ovals Trouble! 圆形, 椭圆形相当麻烦! Bay windows, more trouble! 碰到房间里有凸窗就更麻烦了!,15,Room Basics 房间设计基础知识,Room orientation
13、房间定向 Favor the length direction 以房间的长边方向为基准 Not too long and narrow! 不要太长也不要太窄! 1.3 : 1 is good! Several obstacles (设计会遇到的一些挑战) Fireplace (壁炉) Windows(窗户) Doors(门) Etc.(等等),16,The Room Basics 房间设计基础知识,Good Sound isolation 良好的隔声 No background noise 超低背景噪声 No rattles 没有共振现象 No distractions 排除所有干扰元素,17
14、,The Room Basics 房间设计基础知识,Control sound reflections 控制声音反射 Absorption 吸收 Diffusion 扩散 Control echoes 控制回声 Absorption or Diffusion 吸收或者扩散 Reflected sound decay 反射声衰减 Target times using the right absorption 使用正确的吸音材料能达到目标时间,18,The Room Basics 房间设计基础知识,Speaker locations optimized for quality 优选扬声器的位置以确
15、保音质 “Sound lines” Everyone should hear good sound without obstructions “声线”每位观众都能听到声音而不被阻隔 Good room acoustic design means all seats have good sound 良好的房间声学设计意味着房间内的每一个座位都有上佳的声音表现,19,Designing The Room 房间设计,It all starts with acoustics 首先考虑的是声学设计 Why talk about acoustics? 为何讨论声学? Acoustics are audib
16、le! 房间声学效果的好坏是可以听出来的! Controls 50% of quality or more 决定声音质量的各种因素中,房间声学效果的比例占到50%甚至更多 Acoustics are fixable 房间内的声学问题是可以解决的 Fixing acoustics can bring in $ 解决声学问题能使你赚很多钱,20,What is Acoustics? 什么是声学?,Its about the speaker/room/listener interface 是扬声器/房间/观众三者之间的一种相互关联 Its what separates great rooms fro
17、m loud rooms 声学特性良好的房间和非常响的房间是有区别的 It is what you hear from 20Hz to 2kHz (not 20kHz) 声学设计关注20Hz-2KHz频带范围(请注意不是20KHz) Below 200Hz it is all room 200Hz以下的声音都是房间所产生的,21,The Acoustic Interface 声学界面,Take control of the acoustic interface 控制声学界面 Electronics Interface is under control 控制电子界面,22,The Acousti
18、cal Engineering Process 声学工程设计的流程,Dimension the room 房间尺寸 Sound isolation 隔声 Noise control 背景噪音控制 Vibration control 振动控制 Model decay time 衰减时间 Determine absorption area 确定吸音区域,Determine diffusion area 确定扩散区域 Determine treatment locations 确定需要处理的具体位置 Treat echoes 处理回声 Place listener 确定观众的位置 Place spe
19、akers and subs 扬声器和超低音选位 Tune it all 综合调试,23,Performance Goals of Home Theatre - Video 家庭影院视频设计目标,Sharpness 清晰度 Size (visual angle) 屏幕尺寸(水平视角) Brightness 亮度 Contrast (from black to white) 对比度 Color accuracy 颜色还原准确性 No artifacts 没有”伪像” Every seat a good seat 每个位置都是”皇帝位”,24,Designing the Room 房间设计,Sta
20、nding Waves 驻波,25,Standing Waves = Bass Modes = Room Modes 驻波=低频共振模式=房间模式,Standing waves happen when room dimension is equal to sound wavelength 当房间的尺寸和声波波长相同时将产生驻波现象 Also at 0.5, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, etc. times wavelength 同样,当房间尺寸等于声波波长的0.5, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3倍时也将产生驻波,Loudspeaker,Listener,26,After reflectio
21、n, signal nulls overlap 声波在房间各块墙面多次反射后信号零点重合,Standing Waves 驻波,27,Standing Waves 驻波,All rooms have some standing waves 所有房间会产生驻波 Resonance frequencies are set by room dimensions 共振频率是由房间尺寸所决定的,Resonance overlaps depend on ratios in room dimensions Length/Width/Height 共振频率的迭加与否取决于房间的长宽高尺寸,Low Relativ
22、e Pressure 声压较低区域,Low Relative Pressure 声压较低区域,Standing Waves - A Second Harmonic Length Axial Standing Wave 驻波长度轴向的二次谐波,Low Relative Pressure,Low Relative Pressure,Standing Waves Avoid Frequency overlaps 驻波避免共振频率叠加,30,Standing Waves 驻波,Standing waves cause 驻波将导致: Resonances 共振现象 Uneven frequency re
23、sponse 不平坦的房间频率响应 Poor bass impact 低频拖泥带水 Different bass at each seat 每个座位的低频效果都不同 Most problems are in the 30 Hz to 200 Hz range 问题一般出在30-200Hz的频率区间,Standing Waves 驻波,All rooms will have some standing waves 所有房间都会产生驻波 Resonance overlaps are the result of the ratio of the room dimensions 驻波的叠加与否和房间各
24、边的比例密切相关 Intensity of room modes is determined by the wall density and stiffness 驻波共振强度取决于墙壁材料的密度和硬度,32,Standing Wave Pressure Representation for 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th Harmonics 房间内1/2/3/4次谐波的声压分布,1st Harmonic,2nd Harmonic,3rd Harmonic,4th Harmonic,1/8,1/6,1/2,1/4,3/4,1/2,5/6,5/8,7/8,3/8,33,Standing Wa
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