2020高考英语新创新一轮复习写作第二编扩充句_告别瘦削骨感美在意韵丰满学案含解析牛津译林.doc
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1、试题为word版 下载可打印编辑第二编不是不会写,而是不知写什么,尤其是面对越来越开放化的写作要点时,考生不善想象,不会发散,导致语句表达干瘪无物,直译要点,搜肠刮肚也凑不够词数,一脸窘态。如何合理想象、扩充句式,让写作有血有肉,本部分从4个方面给予指导。扩充策略(一)不走寻常路,靓句带你飞追加成分 高考英语书面表达不仅规定了写作内容,还明确规定了词数,并在评分标准中指出,如果“词数少于80和多于120的,从总分中减去2分”。但在实际阅卷过程中,如果词数过少,扣掉的不止是2分。因为篇幅过短,不能吸引阅卷老师细看以便查找诸如“高级词汇”“较高级结构”等“加分点”,自然影响得分档次。在试题“注意”
2、中有明确规定:“1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯”。这里既规定了词数,又指定了充实文章的方法,即“适当增加细节”。“适当增加细节”其中很重要的一个方法就是追加成分。目的扩展句子,充实文章方法在要点句基础上适当增加合乎逻辑的附加成分,如定语(从句)、状语(从句)(如目的、条件、原因、结果、方式等)、非谓语结构、独立主格结构、举例等,使表达更丰满,内容更充实,主题更突出特色结构多变,句式多样典例观摩悟法1(提醒演讲参赛选手)要守时、讲卫生、守纪律。Please arrive on time, keep quiet and dont litter around.Please a
3、rrive there on time, for whoever is late wont be allowed to enter. Its bad manners to litter around.And always keep quiet while waiting for your turn.分析原句虽然没有直译所给要点,且灵活化解了难点,但过于直白、语气较为生硬;而改写后的句子则进行了拓展,具体明确。如“for whoever is late .”提醒参赛选手迟到后果的严重性;“Its bad manners .”使用it作形式主语的句型,指出乱扔东西属于不礼貌行为;“while wa
4、iting for your turn”使用状语从句的省略形式,进行补充说明。因此,改写后的句子更充实,更适宜对参赛选手提建议的语境。2(演讲注意事项)要面带微笑;要讲慢些,讲清楚。Be sure to wear a smile on your face.Besides, remember to speak slowly and clearly.Be sure to wear a smile on your face when you speak, which will make you relaxed.Besides, remember to speak slowly and clearly
5、 so that you can leave a good impression on the audience and judges.分析加蓝部分是根据语境所追加的成分,如“which will make you relaxed”指出“演讲时微笑”的好处;“so that you can .”为“讲慢些,讲清楚”的目的,留下好印象是“演讲”效果之一,也是能否获得评委青睐的因素之一。适当增加与所给信息相关的时间、原因、结果、条件、目的等成分来表达细节内容,能够使习作流畅、丰满,达到应有的表达效果。专题过关训练请发挥合理想象,扩展句子(请注意括号内提供的语境)1(开设英语电影欣赏课)建议多选择英
6、语电影。As_a_young_student,_I suggest the teacher choose more English films that appeal_to_us_teenagers,_thus making_English_learning_more_interesting.2(讨论学生带手机问题)不允许学生带手机。Students are forbidden to take a cellphone in_order_not_to_affect_our_studies/so_as_not_to_disturb_others_in_class.3(去看电影)你最好早点到。In_
7、order_to_get_a_good_seat_for_seeing,_youd better arrive a bit earlier.4(2018全国卷书面表达)(通知学校放映电影)这部英文短片主要与我们学校的发展有关。The English short film is mainly related to the development of our school, which_will_greatly_help_us_students_know_the_schools_history_better_and_appeal_to_us_to_make_contributions_to_ou
8、r_schools_development.5(2018全国卷书面表达)(介绍学校体育馆)体育场馆已经建立起来,许多运动项目可在里面举行。To begin with, a new stadium has been built up,which_has_become_the_new_landmark_in_our_school.Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held, of_which_table_tennis,_football_as_well_as_running
9、_competitions_enjoy_great_popularity.6(2018北京高考书面表达)(咨询来北京上大学)建议你上北京大学,中国文学专业适合你。Learning_your_keen_interest_in_Chinese_culture,_I suggest you apply for Peking University, one_of_the_best_universities_in_China.Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you where_you_can_be_completely_soaked_in_Chin
10、ese_profound_history_and_rich_culture.扩充策略(二)铺上红地毯再出场补加语句补加语句是常见的“增加细节”的方法,这可以使文章显得错落有致,这样不仅使文章在形式上增加美感,而且使文章读起来铿锵有力,从而使作文在内容上更加连贯、丰满。下面介绍补加语句的几种技法:目的充实文章,增强连贯性方法根据行文走向,适当增加一些与主题相关的语句,或由要点衍生的句子,既起到前引后联的作用,又能补充一些相关信息,帮助阅卷者理解所写内容。同时,还能协调句式,避免句式单调的问题特色协调句式,结构多样技法1列举具体的实例进行补充说明我喜欢读书。I like reading books
11、.I like reading books, such as novels, short stories, magazines and newspapers.我要花一些时间和父母在一起。Ill spend some time staying with my parents.Ill spend some time staying with my parents, chatting with them and doing some housework.我想找一个像我一样喜欢旅行的笔友。Id like to seek a pen pal who is interested in traveling
12、just like me.Id like to seek a pen pal who is interested in traveling just like me. If possible, we can travel together or share traveling experiences.技法2增添与所写信息相关的神态、动作、心理描写以及背景渲染等内容我有时去村西的小河游泳。I go swimming in the river of the west of the village now and then.I go swimming in the river of the west
13、 of the village now and then. The water in the river is very clear.(背景渲染)Weather permitting, I go swimming in the river of the west of the village now and then.(相关背景)旅行了一周后,他回到了家。After a weeks trip, he returned home.After a weeks trip, he returned home, tired but very happy.(心理描写)技法3增加相关信息的时间、地点等内容我
14、要和父母一起去超市购物。Im going to do some shopping with my parents in the supermarket.Im going to do some shopping with my parents in the supermarket and wont be back until about 5:00 in the afternoon.(增加时间)我已经带来了你让我归还的这两本书。I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return.I have taken with me the two
15、 books you asked me to return to the City Library.(增加地点)典例观摩悟法1(提醒观众注意)要按时进入电影院。Be sure to enter the theater on time.Be sure to enter the theater on time.Whoever is late will miss the splendid opening.分析要点句为简单句,补加复合句“Whoever is late .”,通过指出迟到后果的方式引起观众的注意,同时,也使得句式多样,表达丰富多彩。2(谈论善款用途)募捐得来的钱将送给最急需的人。The
16、 money collected in the charity sale will be sent to those in great need.The money collected in the charity sale will be sent to those in great need.This will not only help them get through difficulties, but also give them warmth and happiness.分析通过复合句来增加“较复杂结构”,同时也是上一句衍生的“效果”:帮助他们战胜困难,还给予他们温暖和幸福。专题过
17、关训练请适当补加语句,充实下面写作片段1(描写英语老师)His class left us students a deep impression.(1)He_tries_his_best_to_make_us_understand_what_he_is_teaching/He_has_a_free_talk_with_us_in_simple_and_humorous_English/He_has_a_good_way_to_make_his_class_lively_and_interesting.He speaks slowly and clearly so that we can fol
18、low him well.Meanwhile, he would repeat just in time what the students did not understand.(2)Greatly_inspired,_most_of_us_take_an_active_part_in_his_class/Our_English_has_greatly_improved_with_his_help_and_guidance.2(说明自己所擅长的两项技艺)As a Chinese, Im good at many skills related with our traditional cult
19、ure.But among them, Taichi is my favorite because it does much good to my health.(1)Im_sure_American_friends_will_be_also_crazy_about_it_after_they_touch_it.And as you know, Chinese cooking is popular all over the world.(2)It_happens_that_Im_expert_at_it,_and_Im_glad_to_present_some_traditional_Chin
20、ese_dishes_to_everybody.3(2018浙江高考写作)(应聘志愿者的相关经验) Firstly, I can speak fluent English and (1)I_have_little_difficulty_communicating_with_foreigners.Secondly, I helped receive some visiting foreigners to our school last year.(2)This_experience_is_sure_to_enable_me_to_do_better_this_year.4(互联网的好处)The
21、Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life. We_can_not_only_read_news_from_home_and_abroad,_but_also_get_information,_send_emails_and_attend_online_schools.扩充策略(三)陡转之处拐个弯增加过渡增加过渡是常见的“增加细节”的方法,过渡性词语和过渡性语句的使用是语言连贯性得以实现的最常用手段。在句与句之间,段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的过渡(连接)性词语、句子可避免语句陡转直下,不联不搭,
22、通过合理过渡,实现语句的衔接顺畅。这就需要考生在日常学习中积累背诵常用的过渡词。例如:表示列举的firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally;表示自己看法的as far as Im concerned, from my point of view, in my opinion;表示转折的on the contrary, however, every coin has two sides等。目的增加凝聚力,突出连贯性方法根据行文或段落需要,在句与句或段与段之间适当增加过渡性词语,或者过渡句,以使文章浑然一体,提高说服力特色行文连贯,条理清晰典例观摩悟法1(话题:家长用车
23、接送学生引起校门口拥堵) Our traffic department should strengthen management to make the parents obey traffic rules.Our school should appeal to us students to walk or ride a bike to and from school, which is not only friendly to our traffic environment but also is good for students health.In my opinion, the pro
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