2020高考英语新创新一轮复习语法第三部分理清常用句式第二讲简单句与并列句学案含解析牛津译林.doc
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1、试题为word版 下载可打印编辑第二讲简单句与并列句简单句全析考法.单句语法填空1(2018全国卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them alive. True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal_ (mean) me no real harm.解析:meant根据语境可知此处叙述的是发生在过去的事情,应该用一般过去时,故填meant。2(2017全国卷)This included digging up the ro
2、ad, _ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top. 解析:layinglaying和句中的digging up, building并列。3(2016全国卷)Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _ (create) special designs.解析:to create句意:熟练的工人还会把各种硬质木材和金属组合起来以创作独特的样式。根据语境可知,此处应用不定式作目的状语。.单句改错1(2018全国卷)When I was littl
3、e, Friday night was our family game night .Still I unwilling to play the games with them sometimes._解析:unwilling前加wasunwilling是形容词,它和系动词一起构成“主系表”结构。此处叙述“我”小时候的事情,主语是I,所以用was。2(2016四川高考)Both Dad and I planned to do something on Mothers Day. We get up early in the morning._解析:getgot此处描述母亲节当天的事,根据语境可知,
4、此处应用一般过去时态。谨记规则简单句就是由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。简单句有五种基本句式,其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式演变而来。基本句型一:SV (主谓)释义:此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。SV (不及物动词)1.Timeflies. 2.The moonrose.3.Shesings beautifully. 4.Theytalked for half an hour.5.Hewalked yesterday. 特别注意主语可有修饰语定语,谓语可有修饰语状语。T
5、he red sun rises in the east.红色的太阳从东方升起。基本句型二:SVO (主谓宾)释义:此句型的句子有一个共同特点,谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。SV (及物动词)O (宾语) 1.Whoknowsthe answer?2.Shelaughs ather.3.Theyatesome apples.4.Dannylikesswimming.5.Iwantto have a cup of tea. 基本句型三:SVIODO (主谓间宾直宾)释义:此句型的句子有一个共同特点,谓语动词必须跟有
6、两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。SV (及物)IO (多指人)DO (多指物)1.Shepassedhima new dress.2.Shecookedher husbanda delicious meal.3.Ishowedhimmy pictures.4.Itoldhimhow to run the machine. 5.Heshowedmethe bus over there. 基本句型四:SVOC (主谓宾宾补)释义:此句型的句子有一个共同特点,动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾
7、语,才能使意思完整。SV (及物)O (宾语)C (宾补)1.Wekeepthe tableclean.2.Whatmakeshimsad?3.Wesawhimout.4.Heaskedmeto come back soon.5.Isawthemgetting on the bus.基本句型五:SVP (主系表)释义:此句型的句子有一个共同特点,句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。SLinkingV (系动词)P (表语)1.Thisisan English dictionary.2.The dinnersmellsgoo
8、d.3.Hefellhappy.4.The bookisinteresting.5.The weatherbecamewarmer.知识拓展6类系动词(1)状态系动词,用来表示主语状态,只有be (am, is, are, was, were)一词。(2)持续系动词,用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand。(3)表象系动词,用来表示“看起来像”这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look。(4)感官系动词,主要有feel, smell, sound, taste。(5)变化系动词,表示主语变成什么样,主要有become,
9、 grow, turn, fall, get, go, come。(6)终止系动词,表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out。并列句全析考法.单句语法填空1(2016四川高考)It was time for her to have a new baby, _ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.解析:and根据语境可知,“It was time for .”和“it was also time for .”之间是并列关系,故用and连接。2(2015广东高考)One day, the cow was ea
10、ting grass _ it began to rain heavily.解析:whenbe doing sth.when .“正在做某事,这时突然”。3(2014全国卷)But the river wasnt changed in a few days _ even a few months.解析:or“a few days”和“a few months”之间为并列关系,且此句为否定句,因此要用or连接。4(2014广东高考)We were told that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, _ for the week after
11、.解析:butnot .but .为固定结构,表示“不是而是”。.单句改错1(2018全国卷)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed._解析:butand根据语境可知,此处表示顺承关系,用并列连词and。2(2018全国卷)Everyone was silent, waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud._解析:andor此处表示“
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