可吸入颗粒物与人体健康.ppt
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1、可吸入颗粒物与人体健康 Inhalable Particulate Matters and Human Health Quality of Air means Quality of Life,2008 Beijing Olympics ,“中国正面临十分严峻的环境问题与挑战” 环境污染将成为制约我国社会与经济发展的重要瓶颈,2008 Beijing Olympics and Air Pollution,Overview of Air Pollution in the World,Ozone Particulate Matter (颗粒物) Carbon Monoxide Nitrogen Ox
2、ides Sulfur Dioxide Lead,The most important is particulate matter (PM),Six criteria air pollutants,Particles suspended in the air are small ,But, small particles pose a big problem, 全球气候 Global climate 城市可见度 Urban visibility 人体健康 Human health,What is PM?,In recent decades, there has been a tendency
3、toward increased summer floods in south China, increased drought in north China. (also World EI Nino in the recent years) The black carbon aerosols absorbs sunlight it heats the air and reduces the amount of sunlight reaching the ground. The heated air makes the atmosphere more unstable, creating ri
4、sing air (convection) which forms clouds and brings rainfall to regions that are heavily polluted. The increase of rising air in southern China is balanced by an increase of sinking air and drying in northern China. When air sinks, clouds and thus, rain, cannot form, creating dry conditions.,颗粒物对气候的
5、影响,Particles, Clouds, Rain,颗粒物对城市可见度的影响,Increases in the amount of fine particles in the atmosphere are associated with reductions in visibility, and this is considered to be an indicator of overall air quality.,Particles and visibility,Haze days (阴霾), Air pollution baffled the scientist,Global warm
6、ing or cooling?,马尔代夫或举国搬迁 ,Q Schiermeier Clear skies raise global-warming estimates Nature 435 (30 June 2005) 1142-1143,经历了漫长而波折的过程,Particles and Health,颗粒物有没有害? 达到什么浓度才有害? 什么因素导致健康危害?,Particles and Health,More epidemiological evidence ,收集证据 控诉细颗粒物污染 J Kaiser Science 307 (2005) 1858-60,尺寸决定:什么部位致病?
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- 可吸入颗粒物 人体 健康
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