定语从句0000.ppt
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1、,定语从句,第二讲,定义及其作用: 定语从句是又称形容词性从句,在句子中起定语作用,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可修饰一个句子.受定语从句修饰的词叫先行词.定语从句可分为:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面,所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句,根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。,The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.,先行词,放置于名词之_,修饰 名词的从句,关系词,连接作用,1.,2.,在从句中充当成分,后,Titanic is the ship that sank after h
2、itting an iceberg.,Rose and Jack are the lovers who met on the ship.,Rose,the lady/meet Jack on Titanic,Rose is met Jack on Titanic,Jack,the young man /want to save Rose,the man /want to kill Jack,Cal,Jack is wanted to save Rose,Cal is wanted to kill Jack.,the lady who,the young man who,the man who,
3、the ship/sink into the ocean,the ship/is the most beautiful in the world at that time,Titanic is sank into the ocean.,Titanic is was the most beautiful in the word at that time.,the ship that,the ship that,the Heart of Ocean,the diamond/is worn by Rose,The Heart of Ocean is was worn by Rose.,the dia
4、mond/is dropped into the ocean by Rose,The Heart of Ocean is was dropped into the ocean by Rose,the diamond that,the diamond that,引导定语从句关系代词的用法: that which who whom whose,1.that在从句中作主语或宾语,指人和物,1)A plane is a machine that can fly.( 主语),2)The noodles that I cooked were delicious.(宾语),3)Lets ask the ma
5、n that is reading the book over there.( ),4)The girl that we saw yesterday is Jimsister.( ),主语,宾语,2. Which 在从句中作主语或宾语,指物,1) They planted the trees which didnt need much water. ( ),3. who whom 在从句中分别作主语和宾语 (口语中who也可作宾语),1) The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.( ),2) The fish
6、which we bought were not fresh. ( ),2) The boy who broke the window is called Michael.( ),主语,宾语,主语,主语,The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person. He wrote a book in which this event was mentioned in details. Which a.可以引导非限制性定语从句 My sister gave me a determined look, which said t
7、hat she wouldnt change her mind. b.可以指代前面整个句子 We defeated all our opponents in the basketball match, which was considered the most exciting news this term.,关系代词whose, which可以在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语,NOTE,关系副词when, where, why引导的定语从句,October 1, 1949 is the day when(=on which) the Peoples Republic of China w
8、as founded. Ill never forget the time when(=during which) we worked on the farm. Do you remember the afternoon when(=on which) we first met three years ago?,where,This is the place where (=at /in which) we first met. The hotel where (=in which) we stayed wasnt very clean. I recently went to the town
9、 where (=in which) I was born,why,I didnt get a pay rise, but this wasnt the reason why (=for which) I left. The reason why (=for which) he was late was that he missed the train.,修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分 使用that的情况: 1.当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代词时。 e.g. Do you have anything that i
10、s important to tell me?,2.当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修饰时。 e.g. I have some books that are very good. 3.当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。 e.g. This is the first book that I bought myself. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.,4.主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时 e.g. Which is the bike that you lost? Who
11、 is the woman that was praised at the meeting. 5.当先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物. China is no longer the country that she was.,6.如有两个定语从句,其中一个已用which引导,另一个宜用that . Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. 7.在there be句型中,只用that. He asked for the latest book (that)
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