第五组组员.ppt
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1、第五組 組員,496100082 蔡乃文 496100290 黃湘茹 496100343 凌詩婷 496100563 羅玉芬 496100575 吳旻真,Image and text : a review of the literature concerning the information needs and research behaviors of art historians Joan Beaudoin,圖像和文字: 有關藝術史學家的資訊需求和研究行為的文獻回顧,Introduction 序言,Introduction,This article seeks to present a
2、coherent corpus of materials useful to information professionals interested in the research needs of art historians. 本文試圖提出一個連貫的文集,關於資訊學者研究資料對於藝術史學家,他們在研究時之需求有什麼幫助。 The information needs and information-seeking behaviors of art historians are addressed through a discussion of this user groups resear
3、ch methodologies, the types of materials they consult, the impact of technology on their scholarship, and the disciplines continuing development and redefinition. 對藝術史學家的資訊需求和資訊尋求行為,通過討論這個使用者群的研究,討論法方包括:他們協商出來的資料種類、技術對他們學術成果的影響,和學科的持續發展和重新界定。,Characterization of the User Group 使用者群的特性描述,Characteriza
4、tion of the User Group,A broad and deep knowledge base within the discipline of art history would be considered typical of this user group, as well as advanced language skills, including at least reading facility with a minimum of two foreign languages. 在藝術史學科中廣泛而深刻的知識基礎和先進的語言技能(最少閱讀2門外語)被視為典型的使用者群。
5、,Characterization of the User Group,it is presupposed that the art historian user group is comfortable with and adept at seeking information within archetypal library systems. 假定藝術史學家的使用者群是舒適和善於尋求典型的圖書館系統。,Characterization of the User Group,As libraries have provided increasing access to online reso
6、urces, often at the expense of printed matter such as indexes, art historians have had to learn new skills to perform their research. 圖書館提供了越來越多的線上資源,但往往犧牲印刷品,如索引。所以藝術史學家必須學習新技能以進行他們的研究。,Characterization of the User Group,The scholars working within the discipline currently have a vastly different s
7、et of tools with which to access information than they did even a decade ago, so the digital divide among established and emerging scholars must be acknowledged. 與十年前比較,目前學者在學科工作內有廣大的工具以取得資料。因此建立且出現學者之中的數位分歧一定要被承認。,Characterization of the User Group,The information needs of these latter users differ
8、ed only slightly from those of their academic colleagues, the clearest difference being their limited use of visual materials when compared to their academic colleagues. 從他們的學術同事來看,現今使用者的資訊需求僅有少許不同,最清楚的區別是當與他們的學術同事比較時他們所使用有限的視覺材料。,Scope of the Literature Reviewed 文獻分析的範圍,Scope of the Literature Revi
9、ewed,The sources are therefore useful to the information professional seeking to better understand the art historian user group. 為了更好地理解藝術史學家的使用者群,原始資料對資訊專家是有用的資料。 Access to images is also explored in this review because of the central role that visual materials play in art historical research. 由於在藝
10、術歷史研究中視覺材料扮演的是主角,所以在這次的回顧使用的圖像也被探討。,Information-Seeking Models 資訊尋求模式,Information-Seeking Models,Several general statements can be made using the theoretical framework provided by Thomas Mann, Nicholas Belkin,and Marcia Bates concerning the information-seeking models employed by art historians. 幾個一般
11、的陳述方式能被使用在理論的架構上,主要是由湯姆斯曼,尼古拉斯 Belkin提供,瑪西雅貝茲藉由藝術史學家的資訊尋求模式。,Information-Seeking Models,Since the art historian user group is characterized as having an in-depth knowledge of the discipline and the sources specific to the subject area, these users fit Manns“Subject or Discipline Model”in their infor
12、mation-seeking behaviors. 自從藝術史學家使用者群的角色被視為一種高知識的學科,且學科領域的資料來源資料非常明確,這些使用者在他們資訊尋求的行為中適合Mann(曼) 的“主題或學科模式”。 Furthermore, users may find themselves consulting out-of-date materials since their discipline-based source lists are often not updated with current publications. 此外,自從他們(Mann(曼)的模式)以學科為基礎的目錄來源
13、時常沒有與現行的出版物一起更新,使用者可能發現他們顧及過期的資料。,Information-Seeking Models,The art historian user group, owing to its long-standing use of traditional library resources, also can be seen to fall within Manns “Library Science Model.” 藝術史學家使用者群,由於他長久使用傳統的圖書館資源,也可在Mann(曼)的“ 圖書館科學模式 “中被看到. Shelf browsing, knowledge o
14、f vocabulary-controlled cataloging and tracings, and the use of published bibliographies and indexes are typical methods of this group that match the library science model. 架上瀏覽,字彙控制的知識目錄和追蹤,和出版的參考書目的使用和索引是符合圖書館科學樣式的這個群體的典型方法。 This model provides more expansive access to materials than does the subj
15、ect model. 這個模式比主題的模式提供更多廣泛的通路資料。,Information-Seeking Models,Belkins discussion of Anomalous States of Knowledge (ASK),although more directly focused on the creation of an information system to better address users needs, can be applied to the art historian user group. Belkin的知識異常狀態(ASK)的討論,雖然多直接把重心
16、集中在資料系統的創造而去滿足使用者的需求,且可以被適用於藝術史學家使用者群。,Information-Seeking Models,In Belkins model there is a high degree of likelihood that art historians will have their information needs satisfied since their well defined problems operate within a system that is designed to address formalized requests. 在 Belkin
17、的模式,有一種高度的可能性是藝術史學家將讓他們的資料需要被滿意,自從他們在系統操作上將問題定義的很好,此系統的設計是為了正式陳述的需要。 Batess article, although specifically addressing a model of searching called “berrypicking” within the context of developing online systems, is also applicable to typical information-seeking behaviors of art historians. 貝茲的文章雖然明確的陳
18、述一個搜尋的模式,此模式在發展線上系統的內容中被稱為“berrypicking”,這也適用於藝術史學家資訊尋求的行為的代表性。,Information-Seeking Models,This model has at its foundation the idea that information-seeking is an ever evolving rather than a static process. 這個模式已經有一個基礎的想法是資訊尋求是永遠在成長而不是一個靜態的過程。 Footnote chasing, citation searches, browsing journal r
19、uns or shelves of materials, author searches, and searches conducted using bibliographies, abstracts, and indexes are all examples of Batess model of user behaviors. 補充說明,搜尋、引用、瀏覽最新的期刊、架上的資料、作者搜尋和搜尋管理使用參考書目、摘要和索引全部是貝茲的使用者行為模式中的例子。,Research Methodologies 研究方法論,Research Methodologies,Investigations by
20、 information professionals into how art historians perform information-seeking tasks have been undertaken by Stam and Rose,6 who discovered methodological similarities among art historians performing research. 藉由資訊專家的深入的調查,藝術史學家如何完成資訊尋求的工作已經被Stam 和Rose著手進行,他們發現方法論和藝術史學家完成的研究類似。,Research Methodologie
21、s,The first is the importance placed on the “invisible college.” 第一個最重要的事是虛擬學院。 Conversations with colleagues and other subject specialists were found to be the most influential avenues to art historians information-seeking behaviors. 與同事和其他(主題)科學專家討論,發現資訊尋求行為對藝術史學家來說是最有影響力的方法。,Research Methodologie
22、s,Librarians were consulted by these users for information needs, although the preponderance(優勢) of these interactions dealt with procedural library functions rather than subject-related assistance. 圖書館員為了使用者的資訊需求被使用者諮詢,雖然這些優點互相影響圖書館處理程序的功能,卻不是相關主題的協助。 Citation tracking was noted as being an importa
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