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1、Unit 16 Scientists at work,(2008浙江)人们完成工作的方式通常有两种:独立完成和合作完成。两种方式各有特点。请你以“Working Individually or Working in a Team”为题,按照以下要点写一篇英语短文: 1独立完成:自行安排、自己解决问题。 2合作完成:一起讨论、相互学习。 3我喜欢的方式和理由。 注意:词数100120,文章的题目和开头已给出(不计词数)。,Working Individually or Working in a Team There are basically two ways to get work done.
2、_,参考答案 Working Individually or Working in a Team There_are_basically_two_ways_to_get_work_done. One is to work individually. In this way, people can decide for themselves when to start work and how to do it. Whats more, they will be able to learn how to solve problems on their own.,People may also c
3、hoose to work in a team, where they can learn from each other and help each other. Besides, they may work out better ways to get work done by discussion. Personally, I prefer to work in a team, which offers me a chance to learn how to get along with others and to share my experiences with them. As t
4、he work can be divided among several people, it can be done efficiently. Teamwork is always important.,.重点单词 1_(n.) 结束;结论 2_(n.) 观点;风景 3_(n. & vt.) 怀疑;疑惑 4_(vt. & n) 测试;试验;检验 5_(n.) 感觉;感官,6_(vt.) 扎牢;拴紧;使固定 7_(vt. & n) 控制;支配;管理 8_(vt. & vi.) 撕扯;撕裂;撕毁 9_(n.) 证明;证实 10_(n.) 电击;打击;震动 11_(vt.) 使充电;要(价);控告
5、;攻击 12_(vt.) 实施;管理;指挥;引导 (n.) 行为;操行 13_(n.) 有利条件;优点,答案 1conclusion 2.view 3.doubt 4.test 5.sense 6fasten 7.control 8.tear 9.prove 10.shock 11charge 12.conduct 13.advantage,.词汇拓展 1sense_(adj.)无意义的,无知觉的_(adj.)敏感的 2sharp_(v.)削尖;使敏锐_(adv.)锐利地 3prove_(n.)证据,证明 4electric_(adj.)与电有关的_(n.)电,5successful_(反义词
6、)_(n.)_(v.)成功 6comfort_(反义词)_(adj.)舒适的 7application_(v.)应用;申请_(adj.)应用的,答案 1senseless; sensitive 2.sharpen; sharply 3proof 4.electrical; electricity 5unsuccessful; success; succeed 6discomfort; comfortable 7.apply; applied,.重点短语 1be _ to do sth. 被允许做某事 2protect._. 保护免受 3fasten._. 把系在上 4tie._. 把捆在上 5
7、get close _ 靠近 6make use _ 利用 7test _ 在(身上)做试验 8pick _ 挑出;辨别出 9a great deal _ 很多的;大量的 10a number _ 若干;一些,答案 1allowed 2.from 3.to 4.to 5.to 6.of 7on 9.out 9.of 10.of,.重点句型 1Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite. 把手绢的几个角与成十字形的木条的四个顶端系在一起,这
8、样,一个既好看又结实的风筝就做成了。 2There is a high chance that.很有可能 3There is no doubt that.毫无疑问,.重点语法 Word Formation(构词法),.词汇聚焦 1comfort n. 舒适;安慰; v. 安慰 思维拓展 to live in comfort生活舒适 be a comfort to sb.对某人来说是个安慰 comfort sb.安慰某人 discomfort n. 不舒适;不自在 comfortable adj. 舒适的;愉快的 uncomfortable adj. 不舒适的;不自在的,My husband w
9、as a great _ to me when I was ill. A. courage B. encouraging C. comfort D. comfortable 解析:该题考查词义辨析:courage“勇敢;胆量”;encouraging adj. “有勇气的”;comfortable adj. “舒适的”;a comfort to sb.“对某人来说是安慰”。 答案:C,2conduct v. 引导;指挥;进行;传导 思维拓展 conduct sb. around.带领某人参观 conduct sb. in/out/to the door领某人进/出/到门口 conduct st
10、ate affairs处理国事 conduct water uphill引水上山 conduct electricity导电 conduct oneself (behave oneself)表现,举止,3charge v. 使充电;要价;控告;攻击 思维拓展 charge vt. 使承担(任务,责任);要价,索价;vi. 要价 charge sb. with sth./doing sth.使某人承担责任 charge sb. money for sth./doing sth. 向某人索价多少钱干什么 charge for.为收取费用,charge n. 价钱;管理;指控 sb. be in c
11、harge of sth.某人负责(掌管)某事 sth. be in the charge of sb.某事在某人的掌管之下 take charge of sth.负责,管理(某事) bring a charge of sth. against sb. 控告某人(某项罪名),The manager has to go on a business trip. His company will be left in _ of his secretary. A. charge B. the charge C. need D. place 解析:sth. be left in the charge o
12、f sb.“某物被留下来由某人管理/负责”。又如:The child was left in the charge of the nurse.孩子被留了下来,由保姆照看。in need of.“(主语)需要”。 答案:B,4waste是不可数名词,“浪费”(可与a连用,构成a waste of) 思维拓展 a waste of time/money/materials. 浪费时间/金钱/材料 waste time/money on sth. 在上浪费时间/金钱 waste time/money (in) doing sth. 浪费时间/金钱干,指点迷津 常用Its a waste of.结构。
13、 Its no use _ time _ that matter. A. wasting; discussing B. to waste; to discuss C. wasting; to discuss D. to waste; discussing,解析:Its no use doing sth.“干没用”是固定结构,waste time (in) doing sth.“浪费时间干”。根据这两个结构不难看出,应选A,discussing前省略了in。 答案:A,5application n. 应用;申请;用功 思维拓展 make an application for the job提出求
14、职申请 work with great application努力学习 apply v. 申请;应用;涂抹;努力 apply for the job提出工作申请 apply sth. to sth.把抹到 apply oneself to sth.专心于,6experiment n. 实验;试验; v. 做实验 思维拓展 experiment with.用做实验,7prove v. 证明;证实 思维拓展 proven.证明 prove ones honesty/courage证明某人的诚实/勇气 prove sb. (to be)n./adj. 证明某人是 prove sb. to be an
15、 honest man/honest 证明某人是诚实的 prove从句 证明;证实,As it happened, my advice _ to be wrong. A. proved B. proves C. was proved D. prove 解析:B、D项时态或数的形式不合适;prove后接to beadj./n.结构时一般不用被动语态。 答案:A,8advantage n. 有利条件;优点;优势 思维拓展 have (gain, win) an advantage over占(获得)优势 have the advantage of sb.较某人有利,比某人强 take advant
16、age of sb.欺骗某人 take (full) advantage of sth.(充分)利用某事物 be to sb.s advantage对某人有利,有助于某人 to advantage更加地,越发有效地 disadvantage n. 不利的条件,不利之处,劣势,He received much _ from reading good novels, and his fluency in the English language gives him _ the other candidate for the job. A. advantage; an advantage to B.
17、 benefit; an advantage over C. benefit; the benefit of D. advantage; a benefit to,解析:advantage指物质利益及竞争中所占的优势或有利地位;benefit是“利益,益处”的常用词,可兼指物质利益或精神利益的好处,因此一空应选benefit(读优秀小说使他受益匪浅)。二空为动词短语,give sb. an advantage over sb. else“给某人胜过他人的有利条件”;give sb. the benefit of sth.意为“为某人的行为作善意解释”。由题意“他那流利的英语使他有了胜过另一位求
18、职者的有利条件”,可知答案。 答案:B,9shock n. 电击;打击;震动 思维拓展 shock n. (相撞、爆炸等引起的)撞击震动,(精神上的)打击,震惊 a great shock to sb.给某人很大的震惊/震撼 get a shock from a wire碰着电线而触电 recover from the shock of.从震惊中恢复 three shocks of the earthquakes三次地震 shock v. 使震动;使震惊 sth. shock sb.某事使某人震惊 sb. be shocked by/at sth.某人对感到震惊,_ by his death,
19、 his wife was determined _ on working. A. Deeply shocked; to go B. Deeply shocked; on going C. Shocked deeply; to go D. Shocked deeply; on going,解析:shock为及物动词,相当于surprise,“感到非常震惊”应用be deeply shocked/surprised,副词修饰v.ed分词;二空“决心做某事”be determined to do sth., determine用作不及物动词时,可用于determine on/upon sth./d
20、oing sth.。 答案:A,.短语突破 1a number of若干;一些 a great deal of很多的;大量的,思维拓展 a number of用于修饰可数名词复数形式,“许多的”,修饰主语,谓语动词用复数形式。 the number of后接名词或代词,“的数目”,作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 a geat deal of用于修饰不可数名词,“大量的”,修饰主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 a great deal可用作副词短语,修饰形容词、副词;也可用于修饰比较级形式,“大量的;许多的”。,We all think _ of his books, so many of us bou
21、ght one each. A. a large number B. a great many C. a large amount D. a great deal 解析:本题考查think.of这一短语的用法,由题意看出,我们对他的书评价很高,所以很多人都买了一本。此处用a great deal,相当于much或well,而其他短语表达不出所需意义。 答案:D,2be careful当心 思维拓展 be careful about/of注意,当心 be careful with做认真,注意 be careful not to do sth.当心不要 be careful as to从句 对于谨
22、慎 be careful in (doing) sth.在方面谨慎 be careful从句 注意,当心 be careful doing sth.做某事时要当心,It is careless of sb. to do sth.Sb. is careless to do sth.某人做太粗心了。,.句型归纳 1Animal testing has helped to develop medicines against many diseases.动物试验帮助研制了治疗许多疾病的药物。 思维拓展,cant help doing sth.禁不住做某事 be a great helpbe of gr
23、eat helpbe very helpful很有帮助,Im afraid I cant help _ the house, Mum. I have a lot of homework to do. A. clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. to be cleaning 解析:“恐怕我不能帮着打扫房间了”。由句意可知,该句考查help作“帮忙”之意,用help (sb.) (to) do sth.结构,cant help doing sth.“禁不住做;情不自禁做”。 答案:A,2Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the
24、points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite.系手帕的一角到十字架的一点,那么你就有一个坚固的风筝了。 思维拓展 祈使句and陈述句 Work hard, and youll get good marks. (If you work hard, youll get good marks.) 名词短语and陈述句 One more step, and Id beat you flat. (If you took one more step, I would beat you flat.),祈使句or (else)陈述句 Hur
25、ry up, or (else) well be late for school. (If we dont hurry up, well be late for school.),Turn on a television or open a magazine and you _ advertisement showing happy families. A. will often see B. often see C. are often seeing D. have often seen 解析:“祈使句and/or陈述句”是一种常见句型,陈述句中一般使用一般将来时态。 答案:A,3Take
26、care that the string does not touch the wall or the door.当心别让风筝线碰到墙或门。 take care还可单独使用,意为“当心”,相当于look out, watch out, be careful。,Who _ the baby while the mother is out? Which of the following answers is wrong? A. looks after B. takes care of C. cares for D. looks for 解析:look after, take care of, ca
27、re for都可表“照顾”之意,look for“寻找”。 答案:D,4Fly the kite when a thunderstorm appears to be coming on.在雷暴雨看起来就要开始的时候放飞风筝。 指点迷津 appear在此为系动词,意为“看起来”,其后可跟形容词、不定式作其表语,还可用于It appears that.句型(其用法基本与seem相同)。 come on表示“(夜幕等)降临,到来,(灯)开着”“开始”,也可表示“进行,进展;成长;上演”等。 注come on还可用来表示“快点吧(不要犹豫了)”;“加油;加把劲”。,如:Come on, Jim. Get this letter typed. Come on! We dont have much time. come on还可用来表示“(知道某人所说的话不正确)得了吧”。如:Oh, come onyou know that isnt true!,请同学们认真完成课后强化作业,
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