名词Nouns.ppt
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1、名词(Nouns) 分类和数 一、名词的分类 1 按意义分 普通名词 专有名词 个体名词 集体名词 物质名词 抽象名词 tree, city, teacher, man, holiday police, people, clothes, family paper, bread, light, air, gas truth, honesty, friendship, money Mary, China, London, The Great Wall, the Young Pioneer 2. 按可数性分 c.n. u.n. 个体名词 集体名词 可 数 只用复数(pl.) 物质名词 抽象名词 不可
2、数 二、名词的数 1规则的: (1)-s (2) es: 以x, s, sh, ch 结尾 例外:stomach-stomachs 注意:mouth- physics/maths-+单谓 (3) 辅音字母+y结尾,去y变-ies: story-stories body-bodies (4) 元音字母y 结尾,直接+s: toy-toys, boy-boys, holiday-holidays (5) 以-f, -fe 结尾,去-f, -fe变-ves: life-lives, wife-wives, knife-knives, thief-thieves, shelf-shelves, wol
3、f-wolves, half-halves 例外:roof-roofs, proof proofs, safes (6) 以-o结尾,+s/es: potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes, hero-heroes photo-photos, radio-radios, piano-pianos, zoo-zoos But: Mary-Marys, Henry Henrys, Harry- Harrys 2. 不规则的: (1) foot-feet, tooth-teeth, goose-geese (2) man-men, woman-women 例外:human-h
4、umans, German-Germans, Roman-Romans, Walkman-Walkmans, Discman-Discmans (3) child-children, ox-oxen (4) mouse-mice 3.单复同形 Chinese, Japanese, Swiss, sheep, deer 注意:fish u.n. c.n. 鱼肉 fish 鱼(条数) fishes 鱼(种类 4. 复合名词的复数 (1)woman doctor- women doctors girl/boy student-girlgirl/boy students (2) father-in-l
5、aw-fathers-in-law (岳父) 5.其他 The Wangs The Wright Brothers 6. 惯用单数和复数的词组 catch ones eye with ones own eyes Make friends with shake hands with sb. The sports meeting the Olympic Games=the Olympics Do (morning/eye) exercises Take notes cut/break into pieces +复谓 复谓 单谓 三、名词种类的转化 Paper u.n. 纸 papers c.n 卷
6、子,报纸 Tea/coffee u.n. 茶,咖啡(物质) teas/coffees c.n. (量) Glass u.n. 玻璃 glasses c.n. 眼镜 Cloth u.n. 布 clothes c.n. 衣服总称 A chicken c.n. 小鸡 chicken u.n. 鸡肉 Light u.n. 光 lights c.n. 灯 A room c.n. 房间 room u.n. 空间 注意:有些抽象名词和物质名词+adj., 可具体化 Have a good time Have dinnerHave a big dinner A big help have a long tal
7、k 说出下列名词的复数 Dictionary Family Foot Child Fridge Holiday Month Japanese Knife Key Match Mouth Movie Orange sheep Potato Tomato Radio Play Railway Thief Waitress Victory Woman Dash Zoo Hobby UFO Life Tooth Mouse Video Policeman Wife Glass Human Roman s s ies s es es s ies es ies ies es es ies es Photo
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