四级翻译新.ppt
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1、四级翻译 北京新东方学校 石雷鹏,四级翻译命题形式,时间5分钟,5道题全部为汉译英,占5%,共36分。 在答题卡2上作答。 句长为15至30个词,其中有部分英语词汇给出,需添入的部分也只有3到8个单词,考生只需按照英文句子意思把汉语部分翻译成英文。,四级翻译考点,1. 固定搭配(词汇) 2. 核心语法,1. 固定搭配(大纲样题),例1:By contrast, American mothers were more likely _ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent.,四级英语翻译评分细则,1整体内容和语言均正确,满分。 2结构正确,但整体意思不确切、信息不全或用词不当,得一
2、半分值。 3整体意思正确但语言有错误,得一半分值。 4整体意思完全错误,即使结构正确也不得分。 5大小写错误及标点符号忽略不计。,该题目有两个固定搭配考点: 1)be likely to do sth ; 2) oweto /attributeto 答案:to attribute/ owe their childrens success to,2. 核心语法,被动、从句知识(名从、状从、定从)、倒装结构、虚拟语气、比较结构、强调结构、非谓语动词,2. 核心语法考点:例1,2010-6 90It is suggested that the air conditioner _(要安装在窗户旁).,
3、【考点剖析】,本题是典型的语法题目。重点考查考生对虚拟语气和被动的掌握。 (should) be fixed/installed by the window,例2:(大纲样题),2. Not only _ (他向我收费过高), but he didnt do a good repair job either. did he charge me too much did he overcharge me,四级翻译原则:切忌逐字翻译,2007-6 5. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _ (如果你方便的话).,本题主要考查if 引导的条件状语从句或
4、固定搭配, “你方便的话” If it is convenient for you at your convenience,关注三方面:人称、单复数、动词(时态、语态、语气),成功破解四级汉译英,解题流程: 第一步:浏览句子、判定考点 第二步:判定动词、切块组合,切块组合,以动词为切入点;先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补,切块对应翻译,重新组合。动词注意时态,名词注意单复数。,语法考点:1.被动,2006-06 91.Though a skilled worker, _(他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis.,第一步:由Though a
5、skilled worker, last week because of the economic crisis.可以推出,划线处应该补全完整主句,时态由last week确定为一般过去时态。,第二步:1.切块翻译: “解雇”= be fired(注意被动); “他”=he; “公司”=company,2.重新组合: 正确答案:he was fired by the company fire dismiss,2008-06 87. Our efforts will pay off if the results of the research _ (能应用于新技术的开发).,考点:固定搭配和被动
6、语态 “apply to” can be applied to the development of the new technology,2008-12 91.the anti-virus agent was not known _ (直到一名医生偶然发现了它),答案: until it was accidentally found/discovered by a doctor until a doctor found it by chance,2010-6 90It is suggested that the air conditioner _(要安装在窗户旁). (should) be
7、fixed/installed by the window,2010-12 88. The magnificent museum _(据说建成于) about a hundred years ago. 【结构分析】 主语为the significant museum, 谓语 (据说建成于) about a hundred years ago为时间状语。,【考点】 被动语态: 主语museum与动词build之间为被动关系; 且bulid这一动作发生在过去。 据说 be said to;be said to+ 动词不定式的完成时,表示不定式表示的动作已经完成。 【答案】:is said to h
8、ave been built,语法考点:2.定语从句,定从翻译步骤: a.写出正确简单句,并确定中心话题(名词) b.中心话题后加入定从,关系词: who/ whose / which / where / when;若关系词在从句中做宾语,可省略。,2007-06 88. The prevention and treatment of AIDS is _ (我们可以合作的领域).,第一步:浏览句子,判定考点:定语从句 第二步:1. 补充完成主句,注意单复数 . the field, 2. 完成定语从句写作:判定动词, 切块翻译,答案: the field where we can cooper
9、ate 或者:the field in which we can cooperate,2008-12: 87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems (他们至今还没有答案) that they havent found answers to to which they still have no answers,2008-6: 90. _ (与我成长的地方相比), this town is more prosperous and exciting. Compared with the place
10、where I grew up,2010-12,91. They requested that _(我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday. books I borrowed should be returned to the library,I should return books I borrowed to the library,语法考点:3.名词性从句,a.宾语从句 b.主语从句 c. 表语从句 d. 同位语从句,a.宾从,从句在主句中充当动词、介词或形容词的宾语:由that/what/who/whether/where/which 等引导,2007-12 91. Man
11、y Americans live on credit, and their quality of life_(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的),not how much they can earn.,衡量:measure 答案:is measured by how much can they borrow. is measured by how much they can borrow.,b.主语从句,2008-12: 88. (大多数父母所关心的) is providing the best education possible for their children.,所字结构= what从句
12、(what在从句中作宾语) What most parents are concerned about,2009-06 90. (很多人所没有意识到的) is that Simon is a lover of sports. and football in particular.,90. What many people dont realize,使字结构= what 从句(what在从句中做主语) 写作常用句式: I think that = what convinces me is that,2010-12 90. _(给游客印象最深的) was the friendliness and
13、warmth of the local people. What impressed tourists the most,2. _ (他喜欢做的事情)is ignored by society as of no value or importance. Key: What he enjoys doing,c.表语从句,【CET-4:2007.12】 In my sixties, one change I notice is that _(我比以前更容易累了). I am easier to get tired than before. 答案:I am more likely to get ti
14、red than before.,语法考点:4.状语从句,状语从句:让步、时间、条件、目的、原因、地点、结果、方式和比较,小重点:让步状语从句,a. no matter + what/ who/ when/ where/how what/ who/ when/ where/ how + ever,区分:No matter what VS whatever No matter what: 只能充当状语 Whatever: 引导名词性从句或状语从句,简单办法:有逗号= no matter what 无逗号= whatever,2007-12 89. I am going to purchase t
15、his course,_(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲). 参考答案:no matter what kind of sacrifice I have to make,2008-6 89. Leaving ones job, _ (不管是什么工作), is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.,89. Leaving ones job, _ (不管是什么工作), is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring. 【解析】 第
16、一步:待译内容是让步状语(从句)。“不管是什么”可以译作no matter what或whatever。,第二步:切块(翻译)组合: no matter what job it is no matter what the job is whatever job it is,2 (无论谁在这抽烟)will be punished. (主语从句) 答案:Whoever smokes here (不能用no matter who),时间状语从句:2006-12 90. Some psychologists claim that people_(出门在外时可能会感到孤独) 答案:may feel lo
17、nely when they are away from home,目的状语从句,89.Youd better take a sweater with you_(以防天气变冷) in case it turns cold,89.Youd better take a sweater with you_(以防天气变冷) 答案:in case of cold weather/ temperature drop,条件状语从句:,2008-6: 5. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _ (如果你方便的话).,本题主要考查if 引导的条件状语从句, “你方
18、便的话” it is convenient for you at your convenience,原因状语从句:2007-12 90. I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because_(它更加方便和省时). the former is more convenient and time-saving,语法考点:5.倒装,在英语中,主语和谓语有两种顺序: 一是主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序( Natural Order ). 反之,如果谓语在主语前面,就是倒装语序 ( Inverted Order
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