宁波效实中学英语高考复习策略.ppt
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1、宁波效实中学 英语高考复习策略,朱旭彬 April 2, 2015,CONTENTS,一、效实中学英语课程目标与结构 二、英语语言技能培养形式与辅助 材料三年规划 三、高考复习策略,总目标: 培养学生较强的综合语言运用能力,特别是英语口语能力;培养学生的评判性阅读与思维能力;培养学生平等包容的文化观(能对本国与他国的文化现象进行反思与客观的评价,取长补短)。,一、效实中学英语课程目标与结构,二、英语语言技能培养形式与辅助材料三年规划,Rome was not built in a day!,高一抓基础,提兴趣; 高二优技能,促思维; 高三提升、备考!,三、高考复习策略,(一)复习原则 1. 基
2、础+拓展 2. 测试难度:高考+(略高于高考),基础+拓展 (重词汇+重读写) 新课标英语词汇 3年高考2年模拟词汇复习 34年高考真题 自编语法复习资料(不断更新) 精选20套模拟题(不断更新),2. 测试难度:高考+(略高于高考) (应根据各校学生的水平而定。),(二)考试研究 1、完形填空研究 2、阅读理解研究 3、短文改错研究 4、书面表达研究,Cloze考什么?,Collocations (词的层面) Sentence structures (句的层面) A sense of context or coherence (篇章层面) (依据“格式塔”的阅读惯性理论,测试语言连贯理解的能
3、力 ),1、完形研究(摘自赵伐教授讲座),Cloze练习题的选择,文体:记叙文、说明文、夹叙夹议、应用文等 内容:学生所熟悉或感兴趣的; 长度:符合教学要求和考试时间要求(250350) 难度:词汇和句子结构基本符合大纲要求 设空:符合规范 干扰项 考察重点:语篇连贯感而非语法,题眼设置较均匀,能全面测试语篇主要和核心信息,关注实词; 题眼可分为“句际”和“句内”的,分“语法”和“词汇”,又可分为“实词”和“虚词”; 首句不设题眼,为理解提供一个前提和“起点”;首句须有足够的背景信息;最后一句一般不设题眼; 为保证逻辑上的衔接不被过分破坏,题眼之间不宜过紧,至少应相隔一个“意群”通常不少于5-
4、7个单词; “句际”类、语法类、虚词类的题眼应有一定比列。 语法(虚词)类主要是指关联词不宜连续出现,否则可能造成逻辑关系过分断裂; 原则上一个句子中不能超过两个题眼,否则可能造成逻辑关系过分断裂; 题眼应以单词或固定词组为单位,后者比例应尽量降低。,设置干扰项,干扰项是教师考查、鉴别学生对某些知识点和能力掌握情况的手段,应有的放矢地设置; 干扰项应为同类,实词类应取同义词、近义词、形近词;虚词类应取同种词性,用法接近,或是其它具有可比性的选项; 各选项词汇级别应接近,词义方向基本相同必要时可用“两反两正”,原则上不能出现“三反一正”或“三正一反”的情况; 干扰项应该是语法结构正确、但在语义、
5、逻辑上是错误的选择,不能让学生单凭语法就判断其正误,而应让其根据上下文来进行判断。,篇章逻辑(Text-level Coherence),I had worried myself sick over Simons mother coming to see me. I was a new teacher, and I gave honest account of the students work. It taught me the most valuable lesson over the years of my teaching career, and Im thankful that it
6、 came early and positively 2014 浙江卷,出题常常在最前面或最后面!,句内连贯(Intra-sentential coherence),例子: There are many shops in Singapore where customers still bargain, although prices are clearly shown on the goods. I should have known it: The task is simply too difficult. Although I love my life, it hasnt been a l
7、ot of fun as Ive been ill for 28 years. Music has always been a great love of mine and, in my 20s, when my sickness was more manageable, I enjoyed ten years as a professional singer in restaurants, playing and singing folk songs. (浙江2011年高考),找到另一条腿!,句际连贯(Inter-sentential coherence),例子: Finding the r
8、ight gadget was a real hassle. I finally settled with a digital camera. Ive forgotten what I told him that night. But I do remember watching him put some butter on that bread. Two years ago, I decided that I would need to have some kind of extra work to make up for my disability pension. As I needed
9、 to sleep in the afternoons, I was limited in my choices.(浙江2011年高考),I sat, stunned(惊呆了), for about half an hour, wondering what had just happened. How did I make such a life-changing difference to that boy without even knowing it? What I finally came to remember was one day, several months before,
10、when some students were giving reports in the front of the class, Jeanne spoke quietly, and to encourage her to raise her voice, I had said, “Speak up. Simons the expert on this. He is the only one you have to convince, and he cant hear you in the back of the room.”,Eg. 句内+句际,题眼在哪里? Referencing (指代)
11、 Substitution (替代) Conjunction (连接) Transition (过渡),Its a sad and familiar voice that we often hear in big cities: “Can you spare some change?” Usually, when faced with that particular question, I have feelings of guilt if I pass by without giving a coin or two. (Referencing; Grammatical cohesion) T
12、hanking him, I made a time with him to listen to all the songs and choose the ones that I could sing. I have come full circle with his help. (Substitution) Unfortunately that was years ago and times have changed. Now I live with my mother on a country farm. (Transition) On the way to school, she loo
13、ked inside. She hoped that a new lunch bag meant something new for lunch, but she found the same lunch as alwaysa sandwich. (Conjunction),Barbara Windsor, chairman of the Performing Art Society, said, “If they have to tear the Secombe down, it would be a waste of a good theatre. Every town needs a h
14、eart.” (substitution) The landslide destroyed two classrooms and caused heavy damage to six others. (substitution) All the students and teachers ran to the open area that had been set aside as an emergency gathering point. Just then, they heard screams as the huge rock rolled down the hill, bringing
15、 sand, rock and mud. (transition),如何提高学生的语篇连贯感?,把握文体Narration, Reflective narration 关注实词,如名词、动词、形容词、副词等,尤其是主位的名词和动词,是骨架,表意义、主旨;形容词和副词是血肉,表态度、气氛、情绪;学会通过实词把握全篇要义; 培养学生的语篇衔接能力:掌握Referencing, substitution, Conjunction, Transition, Implication, Inferencing, Ellipsis等语篇连贯手段,题眼往往就在于此。,2、阅读研究(摘自赵伐教授讲座),读大意、
16、读结构、读语气、 读态度、读言外之意 谈阅读理解的五类难题,Read for Gist, Structure, Tone, Voice and Implication,Read for Gist,Where is the gist ?(主旨要义在哪里?) 1)文章第一句或段落; 2)每一段的主题句; 3)文章的字里行间。 这类试题考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力,对考生的归纳、概括能力有一定要求。,Read for Structure,Recognize the structure of a text! (理解文章的基本结构) 关于结构: 1)段落与篇章的启、承、转、合; 2)句与句、段与段之
17、间的逻辑关系(如文中某一段落的作用或某些词语之间的指代关系等)。,段落的启承转合,Man is closely related to the environment.(启) Our environment provides man with fresh air to breathe, clean water to drink, various vegetables to eat and fertile soil in which to plant.(承) Man could hardly survive if he couldnt get the necessities he needed f
18、rom the environment.(承) Even when he sleeps, he needs quiet surroundings.(承)So a good environment is essential to mans life.(合),语篇的启承转合,引言段(启和承) Man is closely related to the environment. Our environment provides man with fresh air to breathe, clean water to drink, various vegetables to eat and fert
19、ile soil in which to plant. Man could hardly survive if he couldnt get the necessities he needed from the environment. Even when he sleeps, he needs quiet surroundings. So a good environment is essential to mans life. 推展段(转) However, our environment is faced with many dangers. It is seriously pollut
20、ed by chemical wastes from factories and sewage in the city. Farmland is also overworked and has lost its fertility. Some even have become sandy. Moreover, trees are being cut down, thus a large scale of forests species of plants and animals are disappearing from the earth. The balance of nature is
21、being destroyed. 结论段(合) Effective measures must be taken to protect our environment. Laws must be passed to prohibit factories from emitting wasted gases and releasing water before they are purified. Moreover, people should be forbidden to throw away rubbish whenever and wherever they like. And rare
22、 animals must be well preserved. Finally, new models of vehicles should be invented, which give off fewer exhausted fumes and less noise than the old ones. Only in this way can man have a pleasant environment to live in.,段与段之间的逻辑关系,In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh(法老) treated the poor message runner li
23、ke a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. However, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off. Shades of that spirit spread over todays conversations. Once a friend and I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for
24、 an outing. As we walked light-heartedly out the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, “Oh boy, bad day for a picnic. The weatherman says its going to rain.” I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather
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