英语语音音标.ppt
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1、英语语音基础知识,一、关于语音的几个概念 1)字母(26个):语言的书写形式。 元音字母:a, e, i(y), o, u, 辅音字母: c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z 2)音标:词的语音形式。记载音素的符号,可写在 中,或写在/中,如 name: /neim /。 3)音素:音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。 4)音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。 apple, student, teacher, understand,5)元音:发音响亮,是乐音;口腔中气流不收阻碍; 是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20
2、元音。 6)辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音;口腔中气流受到阻碍; 不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。 7)开音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e 如 name, bike; b) 辅音+元音 如 he, go, hi 8)闭音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b)元音+辅音it 9)重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。,1.元音: i: i E: E u: u e Q O: O V a: ei ai Oi Eu au iE CE uE 2.辅音: 轻辅音:p t k f T s S tS ts tr h浊辅音:b d g v D z Z dZ dz dr
3、 r 鼻辅音:m n N 舌边音:l 半元音:w j,二、元音 (注意:下面空方括号是电脑无法输入的音标) 1) i: sea, he, see, piece, believe 2) i sit, build, miss, myth 3) e bed, desk, head, 4) bad, land, bank, stamp 5) A: car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt 6) u: food, who, blue, soup, 7) u look, put, woman, could,8) O: door, more, sport, ball, warm
4、, author, court, bought, caught 9) O hot, want, box 10) V cup, come, blood, rough 11) E: girl, work, serve, nurse 12) E cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday 13) ei cake, they, play, eight, great, 14) ai bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye,15) u phone, cold, boat
5、, soul, grow 16) au house, town 17) Oi boy, oil, loyal 18) iE ear dear, idea, deer, here, fierce, 19) CE bear pear, care, there, fair 20) uE tour, poor,三、容易混淆的元音 1) e bed, men, pen, lend bad, man, pan, land, cat, hat, bat 2) i: tea, mean, read , greet ei rail, great, main, raid 3) e bet, red, said,
6、head ai bite, write, side, hide 4) au house, loud, south, now, count, cloud O: horse, lord, sauce, nor, corn, clause 5) au found, gown, down fund, mother, done,四、 辅音 1) p pen, 2) b bed, comb 3) t tell, want, student, moment 4) d day, played, word 5) k cold, sky, quick, school, back, accept, 6) g big
7、, go, guess, language 7) m man, mother,climb 8) n nine, knife, down, town 9) N bank, uncle, English, sing, 10) l land, world, little, lesson,11)r read, write, 12)f five, cough, laugh 13)v voice, of 14)T think, thank, three, thin, 15)D this , bathe 16)s sit, miss, science, case, scarf 17)z zoo, close
8、, 18)S sure, she, social, nation, machine, 19)Z pleasure, usually, treasure 20)h hot, who, hour,21)w wall, what, we 22)j yes, yesterday, yellow, 23)tS child, teach, catch 24)dZ joke, bridge, page, large 25)ts boats , students 26)dz goods , finds, minds 27)tr tree, treat, true, introduce, 28)dr dream
9、, drive,五、容易混淆的辅音 1) v vet, vest, vine, very w wet, west, wine, well 2) s sink, sort, miss, mass T think, thought, myth, math 3) z closing, breeze, bays D clothing, breathe, bathes 4) n thin sin ban win ran N thing; sing; bang wing; rang,六、读音规则 一、元音字母在开音节中的读字母名称音 a ei e i: i/y AI o EU u JU: name nei
10、m plane plein take teik baby beibi late leit safe seif she Si: these Di:z we Wi: eve i:v theme Ti:M be Bi: bike baik fly flai drive draiv time taim nice nais kite kait type taip spy spai,六、读音规则 (一)元音字母在开音节中的读字母名称音 a ei e i: i AI o EU u JU: those DEUz close klEUz go gEU home hEUm toe tEU no nEU cute
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