语法难点突破之六定语从句二ppt课件.ppt
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1、语法难点突破之六 定语从句(二),什么是定语?指出下面句子的定语,Guilin is a beautiful city. China is a developing country. There are 30 woman teachers in our school. His rapid progress in English made us surprised. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.,以上句子中的定语都有单词或短语充当, 但如果是复杂的定语就应用定语从句,如:住在我们学校的那个老人是个退休工人,The
2、old man who lives in our school is a retired woker.,我哥哥昨天买的那本书非常有趣,The book which my brother bought yesterday ie very interesting.,二、定语从句的种类,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句,My brother who lives in the USA has 6 children.,My brother, who
3、 lives in the USA, has 6 children.,限定性定语与非限定性定语从句的区别 从形式,连接词,用途,基础知识回顾: 定语从句关系词及其意义,关系代词:,关系副词,who,whom ,whose,which, that ,as,when, where ,why,Who 指人,在句中作主语或宾语,The boy who is standing under the tree is our monitor.,Whom指人,在句中作宾语,常可省略,Whose通常指人,也可指物,在句中作定语,The boy whom I spoke to just now is admitte
4、d to a famous university.,That is the boy whose mother is a disabled women. The room whose windows face south is our dorm.,Which指物,在句中作主语或宾语,常可省略,Did you see the letter which came today? This is the book which I told you about.,That 既可指人也可指物,在句中作主语或宾语, 作宾语时常可省略,1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked
5、 together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place _I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave.,when /in which,which,where/ in which,which,why/ for which,that/which,关系副词whe
6、n,where,why,及物动词,及物动词,及物动词,考点与难点归纳,1.that与which的区别 2.对the way的考查 3.介词+关系词 1.对where的考查 2.as的使用 3.综合考查,考点,难点,1) Do you have anything _ you dont understand? 2) The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice. 3) Who is the man _ is standing there? 4) Her bag, in _ she put all her money, has been
7、stolen. 5) She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth.,that,that,that,which,which,考点1:that 与 which,1:先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词或 由不定代词any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all等修饰时, 引导定语从句用that不用 which。 2:先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰且指物时, 引导定语从句用t
8、hat 。 3: 先行词中既有人又有事物时,引导定语从句用 that 。 4:先行词被the very, the only,the last等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用that。 5:当先行词前面有who/which等疑问代词时,只用 that。,填上合适的关系词并分析原因: 1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.,that/ which/不填,that/in which/不填,缺状语,
9、缺宾语,考点2:the way用做先行词,3. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. (04湖北) A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which,高考题链接:,考点3:介词+关系词,1. Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking? 2. He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar. 3. I still remember the day
10、_ _ I first got to Paris.,5. (06浙江) I was given three books on cooking, the first _I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which,to whom,with which,on which,This is the child whom/ that I will take care of.,4. 译:这是我要照顾的小孩。,介词+关系代词的情况 1,The man whom you spoke was a scientist. The city whi
11、ch she lives is far away.,to,in,考点3:介词+关系词,介词+关系代词的情况 2,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介词+关系代词的情况 2,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two
12、sentences right?,介词+关系代词的情况 2,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后,介词+关系代词的情况 3,Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better .,在固定短语中介词不能提前,下面两句中的介
13、词能提前吗?,关系代词前介词的确定,1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系,请体会: e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles? 2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配,如: e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure. 3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯,请体会: e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.,关系代词前介词的确定,4.非限制性定与从句中
14、,要表示先行词的一部分时,可用“数词/代词 + of + 关系代词”的结构,如: e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds of whom have been to Beijing.,关系代词前的介词的确定,5. Whose从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型,如: e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.,They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a
15、 house, the door of which open to the south.,1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies. 6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our
16、teacher. 7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River. 8. The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill. 9. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling. 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least
17、a year.,on which,for which,from which,about which,through which,under which,of which,from which,to whom,of which,介词+关系代词的情况 练习,1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him. 2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.,我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。,国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。,where引导的定语从句先
18、行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词,但也有特殊情况。,难点一:where的用法,解析:如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, degree, 和case等表示抽象意义的词,常用where 引导,意思是“到了某种地步,在某种境况中” 。,注意1,1.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. (山东) A. which B. that C. where D. when 2. -Do you have anything to say for yourself? -Yes,
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