Computer work and discomfort电脑工作和不适.ppt
《Computer work and discomfort电脑工作和不适.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《Computer work and discomfort电脑工作和不适.ppt(22页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、Eye strain, neck and shoulder stiffness and low back pain - these are some symptoms you may experience when working with computers. Having to keep the same posture over long periods of time is one of the main causes of physical discomfort. Improperly positioned keyboards or mouse also contribute to
2、the discomfort. At the early stages of pain, the symptom disappears when a person stops working with the computer. The potential to develop work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD)*1, however, increases when computing tasks continue despite the presence of body aches. These musculoskeletal diso
3、rders would persist until well after work has ended. 眼睛疲劳,脖子和肩膀僵硬,腰背酸疼这些都是你在使用电脑时可能会有的症状。长时间的保持同样的动作是其中一个主要的原因。不正确的使用键盘和鼠标也会导致不适。在酸痛症状的初期,当停止使用电脑时就会消失。但是会有潜在发展成为WMSD。然而,随着电脑工作的持续身体的疼痛感就会增加。这样的不适感直到工作完全结束后才会减轻。,Computer work and discomfort电脑工作和不适,Staring continuously at the monitor is another cause o
4、f discomfort from computer work. Furthermore, computer work tires the eyes because the short distance visual task puts much stress on the eyes adjustment mechanism. In effect, workers complain of symptoms of eyestrain that include dry eyes*2, eye irritation, burning sensation in the eyes, and blurri
5、ng of vision. Though the symptoms do not progress to permanent vision problems, eye strain negatively affects productivity at work and more significantly a workers attitude towards computing tasks. In addition to the above health problems, devoting so much time to computer work may lead to mental st
6、ress. Social isolation results from decreased opportunity to talk and interact with co-workers and less chance to foster social support that helps reduce stress. 持续的注视显示器也是造成不适的另一个原因。此外,电脑作业造成眼部疲劳是因为长时间短距离注视会对眼睛自身的调节机制造成很大的压力。实际上,员工眼部疲劳的症状包括眼睛干涩,眼睛刺痛,眼部有灼热感和视觉模糊。尽管这些症状不会发展成为永久的视力问题,眼部疲劳会对工作效率造成负面影响,
7、更为值得注意的是,会使员工对电脑作业产生厌恶感。除了上述的健康问题,过多的电脑工作将导致精神压力。减少与同事之间的交谈和联系的机会会造成社会隔离感和减少获取减少压力的社会支持的机会。,Eye strain 眼睛疲劳,Pain in the low back腰痛,Stiffness in the neck and shoulders 脖子和肩膀僵硬,Pain in the arms and hands手臂和手疼痛,1Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSD) are disorders of the muscles, ligaments, tend
8、ons, nerves and bones that result from unfavorable work conditions such as repetitive movements, awkward posture, poorly designed workstations and long working hours. The symptoms may range from slight pain to muscle weakness, severe pain and movement disorder. Any part of the body may be affected s
9、uch as the hands, neck, and shoulders. Other terms for WMSD are Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI), Cumulative Trauma Disorder (CTD) and Occupational Overuse Syndrome (OOS). WMSD是由于不恰当的工作状态而导致的肌肉、韧带、肌腱。神经和骨骼的不适感,例如重复性动作、别扭姿势,不恰当设计的工作位和长时间的工作时间。症状包括轻微的疼痛、肌肉无力,剧痛和运动不适。身体的任何部位都可能受到影响,例如手、脖子和肩膀。 2Dry eye is
10、 a condition noted when the tear volume is significantly decreased or when there is qualitative change in the tears that lead to the drying of the surface of the eyes。眼睛干涩是指当泪液量明显的减少或是泪液性质的改变而导致眼睛表面变得干燥的状态。,Symptoms of eyestrain and dry eyes result from exposure of the eyes to dry air or when air mo
11、vement is fast inside the office. Tears evaporate easily under these conditions. Also, if the room is dusty, the particles may enter the eyes making the symptoms of eye strain worse. Exposure to cold draught decreases blood circulation and leads to slight tensing of the muscles in the affected area.
12、 Acute discomfort is felt usually in the neck, shoulders and back.眼睛干涩和疲劳是因为眼睛暴露干燥的空气中或办公室内的空气流动速度较快,眼泪在这样的状况下容易蒸发。同样的,如果房间内灰尘较多,尘粒可能会进入眼睛而加重眼疲劳的症状。暴露在冷气流下会使血液循环变慢并导致所影响部位产生轻微的肌肉紧张。脖子,肩膀和背部通常就会感觉到强烈的不适感。,Air Conditioning空气状况,Set the room temperature to 24-27 degrees Celsius during summer and to 20-2
13、3 degrees Celsius during winter. Maintain relative humidity of 40-70%. 夏季时房间温度设置为24至27摄氏度,冬季为20至23摄氏度。湿度保持在40%到70% Optimum air velocity is 0.1 m/sec or less. If you are troubled by strong air coming from the air conditioner, you can use a partition to redirect flow of air.最适宜的空气流速为0.1米/秒或更低。如果你对空调吹出
14、的气流感到不适,可以降低或改变气流方向。 A humidifier may help increase relative humidity in your workstation.加湿器会对帮助增加工作场所的相对湿度。,空气流速可以通过使用分隔物而改变,Maintain good ventilation in the room and do regularly housekeeping. Promote a smoke-free work environment. 房间内保持良好的通风并定期打扫。创建一个无烟的工作环境 Make sure that you discuss these meas
15、ures with your co-workers before changing anything. Remember that changes in the general work environment will likely affect the people around you.在调整前和同事进行协商。记住,工作环境的改变可能会影响到你周围的人,在调整温度时应注意气流方向。,Too much contrast between the computer monitor and the immediate visual field burdens the accommodative
16、function of the eyes and will likely lead to eye discomfort. A monitor positioned above eye level causes a larger area of the eye to be exposed to the physical environment. Tears evaporate easily and predispose the user to develop dry eyes and eye strain especially if the air is dry or if air veloci
17、ty is high. In contrast, a monitor placed too low will lead to more bending of the neck and upper back causing neck-shoulder discomfort.过多的电脑显示器和直接的视觉区域的对比会增加眼睛调节功能的负担,就容易导致眼部不适。高于视线水平面的放置的显示器会造成眼睛较大的迂曲暴露在自然环境。眼泪就易于挥发和造成使用者眼部干涩和疲劳,特别是当空气干燥或空气流速较快时。与此形成对照,显示器放置过低会使得脖子和上背部弯曲的程度更多而造成脖子肩膀的不适。,Computer m
18、onitor电脑显示器,Adjust the height of the monitor. Make sure that the top of the monitor is at or below eye level. Ensure that you will not assume awkward posture when viewing the monitor. For laptop computers, adjust the angle of the monitor until you find the optimal setting for viewing.调整显示器的高度。确保显示器的
19、上端和眼睛的水平面一致或低于。确保你在观看显示器时不感到别扭。对于笔记本电脑,调整显示器的角度直至你感到最佳的视觉效果 Place the monitor at least 40 cm away from the eyes. Hint: The optimal viewing distance corresponds to an arms length!显示应至少和眼睛相距40厘米。小提示:最佳的视觉距离大约相当于一只手臂的长度。 Adjust the direction and angle of the monitor to avoid or minimize glares and refl
20、ections. You may find it helpful to position the monitor perpendicular to the light source.调整显示器的方向和角度以避免和把反射和亮点减少的最小。把显示器摆放到和光源垂直方向会帮助你发现。,Adjust the brightness and contrast of the monitor for easy viewing. When necessary, adjust the character size to increase readability.调整显示器的亮度和对比度以利于观看。必要时,调整字体
21、大小以提高可视性。 Use blinds or curtains to control the amount of light that will fall on your workstation. For light fixtures, use louvers or covers to decrease reflected light on the monitor.使用遮蔽物或窗帘来控制直射光。对于照明设备,使用天窗或遮盖物以减少显示器的反射。 Avoid too much contrast between the monitor and the surrounding visual fie
22、ld. You may want to dim the general lighting level more than 300 lux. If you need more light for your desk task, use supplemental lighting. 为避免显示器和周围视觉区域过强的对比。你可以将普通的照明水平超过300lux。如果案头工作需要更多照明,使用补充光源。 If you need glasses, you may consider using the glasses designed specifically for the viewing distan
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- Computer work and discomfort电脑工作和不适 discomfort 电脑 工作 不适
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-3318493.html