整合信息的十种手段.ppt
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1、整合信息的十种语言手段,写作,特别是基础写作,其目的是考查考生整合信息,并用适当词语、 句型和语言手段产生出连贯语篇的能力。现介绍十种常用的整合信息的语言手段。,要用到的词语有很多,简单的有about, on, as to等,复杂的有concerning, regarding, with respect to等。 例1上周,我们以“谁是你的偶像”为题,在2600名学生中进行了一次调查(survey)。(2007广东) Last week, we did a survey among 2,600 students on/ about/ concerning/regarding “who is y
2、our idol”.,主题的呈现手段,观点的呈现手段,可用短语如according to sb(根据某人的看法), in ones view(在某人看来), as for sb(在某人看来)等,句型有sb believes/ thinks/ claims,sb told us that,sb pointed out that(某人指出)等。 例2 你的偶像及理由。(2007广东) As for myself, Thomas Edison is my idol because his inventions have greatly changed our life.,例3基本信息:(1)发生率:
3、略高于50 (2)人数:世界第一 (2009广东) According to Professor Wang, slightly more than half of the school children in our country are short-sighted, ranking the first in the world. (根据王教授的看法),例4专家解读:(1)原因:很复杂 (2)治疗:没有哪一种药物能治愈近视 (2009广东) He also pointed out that the causes for short-sightedness are so complicated
4、 that no medicine can cure short-sightedness. (他还指出),1. 主要涉及到百分比的表达,“百分之几”可用以下方式表达(以百分之七十): (1) 70% of the (2) seventy percent of the (3) 70 percent of the (注意:考生最易漏用of),比例的表达手段,2. 还有一些其它比例的表达手段。如: (1)一半: half of the (2)四分之一(25%):a quarter of (3)四分之三(75%):three quarters of,分数表达法:分子是基数词,分母是序数词。如 1/4:
5、 one fourth 2/3: two thirds 7/8: seven eighths 五个当中有三个:three out of five, three in five,例5男女生在以明星为偶像方面的差异: (2007广东),The survey shows that half of the girls choose film and TV stars as idols, while 48% of the boys favour sports stars .,例6相关数据:(1)吸烟人数:约3.5亿 (2)分布:男性75, 女性:25 Currently China has about
6、350 million smokers, among whom 75 percent are men and 25 percent are women.,表“排位”要用到的词语有:rank +(the+)序数词,be +the+序数词,be+ in the +序数词+place等;也可以用“is the +形容词最高级+范围”来表达。 例7 “父母”在男女生偶像中的排序差异。(2007年) As the data shows, “parents” ranks the second for the girls, but the last for the boys.,排位的表达手段,例8 基本信息
7、:(1)发生率:略高于50 (2)人数:世界第一 (09年) According to Professor Wang, a little more than 50 % of the school children in our country are short-sighted, ranking the first in the world.,短语:advise sb to do(劝某人做某事) 从句:(1)Sb suggests that (2)Sb gives sb a suggestion that (3)It is suggested that(4)It is highly advis
8、able that (5) give sb some advice on ,建议的表达手段,例9 专家解读:(3)建议:不要过度用眼;多参加户外活动 (2009广东) He suggested that school children avoid overuse of their eyes and do more outdoor activities. 或He gave us a suggestion that school children should avoid overusing their eyes and take more outdoor activities. 或School
9、children are advised not to overuse their eyes but to take more outdoor activities.,表示提示或提醒的表达有: Sb reminded us that(某人提醒我们) Sb reminds us (not) to do sth (某人提醒我们做/不要做某事) 例10专家解读:(4)特别提示:如何握笔也和近视有关 (2009广东) He particularly reminded us that how to hold a pen is also related to short-sightedness.,提示的表
10、达手段,表目的的表达手段很多,用作不同的成分有不同的表达。 1.用谓语表达:aim/intend to do sth (目的是,旨在),目的的表达手段,2.用状语表达: (1)so as to /in order to /in an effort to do (为了做某事) (2)with the purpose of doing sth (带着的目的,为了) (3)in hopes/the hope of (怀着的希望) (4)with dreams of doing (带着的梦想) (5)with the goal of doing sth (目的是),3.用不定式作表语表达: (1)Th
11、e purpose of doing sth is to do (做某事的目的是) (2)Our goal is to do(我们的目标/的是) (3)The aim is to do (目的是),4.用从句表达: (1)so that (以便) (2)in order that(为了) (3)in the hope that (怀着的希望),例11目标:所有室内公共场所无烟,实施时间:2011年1月1日起 (2010广东) This decision, which aims to make all indoor public places smoke-free, will come into
12、 effect from the first day of 2011. 或This decision, aiming to make all indoor public places smoke-free, will be carried out from January 1, 2011.,介词短语:due to, owing to, thanks to, for the reason that+从句 从句:because, as, since, sothat 句式:The reason for/whyis that(的原因是),原因的表达手段,例12你的偶像及理由。(2007广东) As f
13、or myself, Thomas Edison is my idol because his inventions have greatly changed our life.,例13专家解读:(1)原因:很复杂 (2)治疗:没有哪一种药物能治愈近视 (2009广东) He also pointed out that the causes for short-sightedness are so complicated that no medicine can cure short-sightedness. 或Due to the complication of shortsightedne
14、ss, no medicine can cure it, Professor Wang told us.,这种表达方式也有很多。如: 1.be connected with 2.be related to 3.be relative to 4.be relevant to 5.have something to do with 6.be in/with relation to 7.be associated with 8.be linked to 9.be bound up with,“与有关”的表达手段,例14专家解读:(4)特别提示:如何握笔也和近视有关 He particularly r
15、eminded us that how to hold a pen is also related to short-sightedness. (is related to 可用上面所有的表达方式代替),表达努力做某事可以用:1.try ones best to do 2.do ones best to do 3.make every effort to do 4.spare no effort to do 5.do what one can (do)to do 6.do all one can (do) to do 7.make an attempt to do sth 此外,“同位语手段”
16、是信息整合的重要语言手段,因在“优化句子的四种常用方法”中已谈到,此处就不再重复了。,“努力,尽力”的表达手段,1. 带上手机和充电器方便与父母联系。(目的的表达),灵活运用,请用以上语言手段表达以下要点。,1. In order to conveniently communicate with our parents, wed better take a mobile phone and a charging device.,2. 亚运会时间:2010年11月12日至27日 主题:激情盛会,和谐亚洲 (主题呈现),2. The Asian Games, with the theme of “
17、Thrilling games, Harmonious Asia”, lasted from November 12 to 27, 2010.,3. 活动意义:增进友爱,鼓励节约。受到师生赞扬和支持。 (目的的表达),3. The idea, which is intended to promote friendship and encouraging economy, is highly praised and supported by the teachers and students alike.,4. 说明比赛的意义,如提高英语听说能力,养成读书的习惯等。(目的的表达),4. The
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