第一部分选修8Unit2.ppt
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1、第一部分 基础考点聚焦 选修8,1_ adj. 简单的;直接的;坦率的 2_ n. 突破 3_ adv. 总共;完全地 4_ vt. 获得;赢得 5_ vt. 获得;到达(水平、年龄、状况等) 6_ vt.&vi. 积累;聚积 7_ vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于 8_ vt. 打扰 vi. 操心 n. 烦扰,straightforward,breakthrough,altogether,obtain,attain,accumulate,owe,bother,9_ adj. 虚荣的;自负的;徒劳的 10_vt. 抵抗;对抗 11_ n. 缺点;不利条件 12_ vt. 崇拜;爱慕;喜爱
2、13_ vt. 不同;相异 different adj. 不同的;与众不同的 difference n. 差异;不同 14_ vt. 着手;从事;承担 undertook(过去式)undertaken(过去分词),vain,resist,drawback,adore,differ,undertake,15_vt. 扔;投;掷 cast/cast(过去式/过去分词) 16_ vi. 反对;不赞成 objection n. 不赞成;反对;异议 17_ vt. 禁止;不准 forbade (过去式)forbidden (过去分词) 18_ vi. 退休;离开 retirement n. 退休 19_
3、 vt.&vi. 打;撞击;罢工 n. 罢工 struck/struck(过去式/过去分词),cast,object,forbid,retire,strike,1_ 得到好结果;取得成功;偿清 2_ 使失望;使沮丧 3_ 反对;不赞成 4_ 赞成;支持 5_ 把归功于 6_ 一定或注定(做) 7_ 使刻骨铭心 8_ 不时;偶尔 9_ 使复生;使复活 10_ 白费力气;枉费心机 11_状况很好/坏;情况很好/坏,pay off,cast down,object to,in favour of,owe.to.,(be) bound to (do),strike.into ones heart,fr
4、om time to time,bring back to life,in vain,in good/poor condition,1The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 看来多莉是在正常地成长着,这很令人鼓舞。 解读 that引导同位语从句。 仿写 这些年地球变得越来越暖的事实已经令很多科学家 担忧。 The fact has worried many scientists _ these years.,that the earth is becoming warme and warmer,2Th
5、en came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。 解读 then位于句首,句子用全部倒装语序。 仿写 听到狗的狂叫声,小偷逃掉了。 Hearing the dog barking fiercely,away _.,fled the thief,3The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die,but others will survive and pass on the abili
6、ty to resist that disease to the next generation. 其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病,这类动物中的一些可能会死掉,但是另外一些却能存活下来,并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。 解读 The advantage is that.“其优点是”,that引导表语从句。 仿写 骑自行车上班的优势是我们可以过一种低碳生活。 _ we can live a lowcarbon life.,The advantage of cycling to work is that,同位语从句 1The news _has caused many people to sell th
7、eir houses at lower prices.(go) 房价将要下跌,这个消息致使许多人低价抛售他们的房屋。 2I have no idea _,so could you fix it for me?(work) 我不知道手机为什么坏了,你能为我修一下吗? 3Information has been put forward _. (put) 运动会将延期举办这个消息已经放出来了。,that the house price will go down,(of) why the cellphone isnt working,that the sports meet will be put o
8、ff,4A project has recently been launched by the charity organization _ to remote mountainous schools. (donate)那个慈善机构最近发起一项活动,即人们应该向偏远山区的学校捐书。 5What do you think of his proposal _ a play at the English evening?(put) 他建议我们在英语晚会上做一个表演,你觉得怎么样?,that people should donate books,that we (should) put on,1.un
9、dertake (undertook;undertaken) vt.着手;从事;承担 (牛津)The company has announced that it will undertake a full investigation into the accident. 公司已经宣布将对这次事故进行全面调查。,undertake a task 承担任务 undertake to do sth. 同意、答应或着手做某事 undertake thatclause 保证,(朗文)Two new studies have been undertaken to determine the effects
10、 of the chemicals. 已经进行了两项新研究以确定这些化学制品的作用。 Those reforms (which are) being undertaken currently is of great importance to the future development of the company. 公司目前正在进行的这些改革对于公司未来的发展非常重要. We are supposed to _to lead a lowcarbon lifestyle,which is of great significance.我们应该承担过低碳生活的责任,这意义重大。 He _ the
11、 job by Friday. 他答应在星期五之前完成那项工作。,undertake the responsibility,undertook to finish,2.forbid (forbade/forbad,forbidden) vt. 禁止,不准 (2013高考天津卷阅读理解A)Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library,but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you. 请注意食物和水果禁止带进图书馆,但是你可以带饮料和糖果.,(1)forbid
12、sb.to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止(做)某事 (2)forbid sb.sth. 禁止某人某事 forbid sb.from doing 禁止某人做 (3)Its forbidden to do sth. 做某事是被禁止的,He was forbidden to leave the base as a punishment. 作为惩罚,他被禁止离开基地。 The law _ in public buildings. 法律禁止在公共场所吸烟。 He forbade me from meeting/to meet my friends online
13、 at the Internet caf!他禁止我去网吧会见我的网友!,forbids smoking,3.object vi.反对;不赞成 n物体;目标 (牛津)If anybody objects,well postpone the meeting till next week. 如果有人反对,我们就把会议推迟到下周。,(1)object to sb./sth. 反对;不赞成某人/某事 object to doing sth. 反对做某事 object that. 反对 (2)objection n. 反对;厌恶 raise an objection to sth. 对提出异议 have/
14、make an/no objection to (doing) sth. 对表示反对/不反对,He strongly objects to _like a child. 他强烈反对被人当孩子一样对待。 My main objection to the plan is that it costs too much.我反对该计划的主要理由是它费用太高。,being treated,4.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于;应感谢 (牛津)Thanks for sticking up for me,I owe you a favour. 谢谢你支持我,我欠你一个人情。,(1)owe sb. a
15、n apology 该向某人道歉 owe sb. sth.owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物 (2)owe.to. 把归功于 owe it to sb. that. 多亏某人 (3)owing to 因为;由于,These early settlers owed their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.这些早期移民把他们的幸存归功于艰苦劳动和追求成功的决心。 We _ we can now talk to the people on the other side of the world.今天我们之所以能够和远在
16、天涯海角的人通话,应归功于贝尔。 Was it owing to bad weather that they had to change the schedule of leaving?当时是由于天气恶劣,他们才不得不改变离开的时间的吗?,owe it to Bell that,5.bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n烦扰;令人烦恼的事或人 (教材P14)However,the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists. 然而,之后她患上了严重的肺病的问题使科学家们困扰。,(1)b
17、other sb.with/about sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人 bother to do sth.特意做某事 It bothers sb.that/to do sth.使某人苦恼的是 (2)put sb.to any bother给某人添乱 why bother没有必要吧;何苦那么麻烦,_ is that he seems to take no interest in his work. 最使我伤脑筋的是,他似乎对自己的工作毫无兴趣。 I dont want to put him to any bother,so I try doing it by myself. 我不想给他添乱,所以,
18、我试着靠自己做这件事。 Ill go to the post office to mail this parcel to Ann. 我要去邮局给安寄这个包裹。 _?Ill see her at dinner this evening. 不必麻烦了吧?今晚吃饭我能见到她。,What bothers me most,Why bother,.完成句子 1(2014荆州中学高三质量检测)I _ that I went through the hard time after I lost my job. (owe)在失去工作后,多亏了我的父母,我才度过了那段艰难时光。 2After Pauls four
19、th error,word came _ in no time.(fire)在保罗犯了第四个错误之后,有消息说他要被炒鱿鱼了。,owe(d) it to my parents,that he would be fired,3Most of the members _without a standard court, the match had to be cancelled. (object) 因为大多数人反对在没有一个标准球场的情况下举行比赛,所以比赛不得不取消了。 4Little _ to do whatever I like except when I play computer gam
20、es long. (forbid) 妈妈很少禁止我做我喜欢做的任何事情,除了当我长时间玩电脑游戏时。,objecting to having a match,does my mother forbid me/am I forbidden by my mother,5Among all the proposals,it was quite preferable that Mr.Li,a very experienced engineer,_. (undertake)在所有的提议中,李先生,一个经验丰富的工程师来承担这项任务,这是非常可取的。,(should) undertake the task
21、,.多项选择 1(2014安徽皖南联考)Why_to go abroad to study,when there are so many good universities at home? Aimagine Bbother Cconsider Dprevent 解析:选B。句意:在国内有这么多好大学,为什么还要费 力地去国外学习呢?bother to do sth.“费力/麻烦做某事”。imagine和consider后不能直接跟动词不定式;prevent意为“阻止”,不符合句意,故答案选B。,2(2014山东威海模拟)The QinghaiTibet Railway,as the chie
22、f engineer said,was the hardest engineering project they had ever _ in the past 30 years. Aoffered Bafforded Csuffered Dundertaken 解析:选D。句意:正如总工程师所说,青藏铁路,是过去三十年他们承担的最艰难的工程。offer“提供;出价”;afford“给予,提供;买得起”;suffer“遭受;忍受;经历”;undertake“承担”。根据句意可知D项正确。,3(2014浙江重点中学调研)I _ a debt of gratitude to his family s
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