2019艺体生文化课学案点金-英语课件:语法讲解篇 2.5高中英语常用语法—非谓语动词 .pptx
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1、高三英语总复习基础部分语法讲解篇,2.5 高中英语常用语法非谓语动词,在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。 非谓语动词的基本形式分为三种:to do; doing; done。 根据非谓语动词在句中担当的成分,可归纳为以下要点: 一、作主语(通常为doing,或to do形式) 表一般情况时用doing,具体一次性动作用to do。 固定句型: 1.It takes sb.some time to do sth.某人花费时间做某事 It took us two hours to finish the job. 2.It is+形容词+for/of sb.to do sth.
2、对某人来说做某事/某人做某事 It is impossible for us to get there on time. It is very kind of you to help us. 3.It is no use doing sth.做某事无用 It is no use crying over the spilt milk.,二、作宾语 1.介词+doing be used to doing sth.习惯做某事 be accustomed to doing sth.习惯做某事 be devoted to doing sth.致力于做某事 devote oneself to doing
3、sth.致力于做某事 look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事 object to doing sth.反对做某事,2.只能接不定式作宾语的动词:,3.只能接动名词的动词或短语:,4.接不定式与接动名词意思有差别的动词或短语:,三、作定语 1.位于抽象名词后的非谓语动词用to do形式,这类词有 ability, chance,way等。 We should find a way to solve the problem. 2.序数词(+名词)后用不定式作定语。 He is the first to come and the last to go. 3.have some
4、thing to do有事要做。 She cant go to the party with us,for she has work to do. 四、作状语 1.be+形容词+to do,形容词后用to do作状语。 She is not easy to please as her mother. 2.作目的、结果状语,表目的和结果。其中only to find,only to do等表示出人意料的结果。 She prepares well for the exam to get a better result. She came to the station hurriedly,only
5、to find that the train had gone. 3.作伴随状语,根据与句中主语的关系,主动用doing,被动用done。 James sat in the empty restaurant,feeling frustrated. Followed by his dog,Mr.Smith went home.,五、作补语 1.感官动词(see,watch,observe,hear等)后补语有三种形式,以see为例: see sb.doing sth.看到某人正在做某事 see sb.do sth.看到某人做某事的全过程 see sth.done看到某事被做 2.使役动词的补语,
6、let/make/have sb.do sth.让某人做某事;但是被动语态中省略的不定式to需还原,即sb.is made to do sth.。 主动:The boy made his little sister cry. 被动:The boys sister was made to cry by him.,3.不定式作宾补的固定搭配:,非谓语动词专项练习,一、单句填空,用所给词汇的适当形式填空。 1.They signed an agreement (expand) the trade between the two countries. 2.The room is too small (
7、hold) one hundred people. 3.He worked so hard that he got his pay (raise). 4.The building (build) now will be used as a hospital. 5. (discuss) many times,the problem was solved at last. 6.When I got there,I found him (repair) farm tools. 7.The workers had the machines (run) all night long to finish
8、the work on time.,to expand,to hold,raised,being built,Having been discussed,repairing,running,8.Youll waste time (talk) to him; he wouldnt listen to you. 9.We are looking forward to Marys (come). 10.The sentence needs (improve). 11.(1)We dont allow (smoke) in the reading room. (2)We dont allow them
9、 (smoke) in the reading room. 12.(1) (work) hard and youll make rapid progress in your English learning. (2) (work) hard,youll make rapid progress in your English learning. 13.(1)This is an important letter.Dont forget (post) it this afternoon. (2)Dont look for the letter.You must have forgotten (po
10、st) it this afternoon.,talking,coming,improving (to be improved),smoking,to smoke,Work,Working,to post,posting,14.(1)I regret (tell) you that your mother is absent in Beijing. (2)I dont regret (tell) her what I thought even if it might have upset her. 15.(1)The computer center, (build) last night,is
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