2019艺体生文化课学案点金-英语课件:语法讲解篇 2.6高中英语常用语法—代词 .pptx
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1、高三英语总复习基础部分语法讲解篇,2.6 高中英语常用语法代词,一、代词的分类 代词分为:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词和不定代词共九类。 1.人称代词(personal pronouns):I,you,she等。 2.物主代词(possessive pronouns):my,his等。 3.反身代词(self pronouns):myself,yourself等。,4.相互代词(reciprocal pronouns):one another,each other等。 5.指示代词(demonstrative pronouns):this,th
2、at,those,these等。 6.疑问代词(interrogative pronouns):who,whom,whose,what, which等用来构成特殊问句。 7.连接代词(conjunctive pronouns):疑问代词都可以用作连接代词,来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句等。 8.关系代词(relative pronouns):who,whom,whose,that,which等引导定语从句。 9.不定代词(indefinite pronouns):all,each,both等。,二、代词重点考点归纳 (一)人称代词 1.人称代词作主语时用主格,作宾语时用宾格。 We all
3、 like her very much. 2.作表语时多用宾格。 Who is talking? Its him. 3.用she来代表国家、船只、飞机、城市、大地、月亮等,以示亲切和爱抚。 China is a great country.She has a very long history. 4.在并列主语中,第二人称放在首位,第三人称放在其次,第一人称放在最后。 You,he and I have been to Shanghai twice. 5.有时可用it代替小孩child或婴儿baby。 The baby smiled when it saw its father.,(二)物主代
4、词 1.形容词性物主代词在句中作定语,后加名词。 I am your new English teacher this term.My name is Cathy. 2.名词性物主代词在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 Is this book yours? No,its not mine.Mine is here. 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 3.在一些固定结构中常用the代替物主代词。 Bill hit Mike on the head.,4.一些短语中的物主代词一般不可省略。 5.“of+名词性物主代词”表示所属关系。 a sister of his 他的一个妹妹 a friend
5、 of mine 我的一个朋友,(三)反身代词 1.反身代词是表示反射(指一个动作回射到执行人本身)或强调(用来加强名词或代词的语气)的代词。 2.反身代词经常与一些动词或介词连用,构成短语。 learn sth.by oneself=teach oneself 自学 enjoy oneself过得愉快 dress oneself 穿衣 help oneself 随便 (四)指示代词 1.在作比较时可用that,those指代前面提到的名词,that指代单数可数名词或不可数名词,those指代复数可数名词。 The weather in Wuhan is warmer than that in
6、 Beijing. 2.在打电话时,用that来询问对方是谁,用this来介绍自己是谁。 Is that Lucy speaking? Yes,who is that? This is John speaking.,(五)不定代词 1.全部肯定: all,both,everyone,everybody,everything 和every+名词等。 There are flowers on both sides of the street.路的两侧都有花。 All the flowers are gone.所有的花都不见了。 2.全部否定: none,neither,no one,nobody,
7、nothing和no+名词等。 Neither of the two boys is clever.两个男孩都不聪明。 I like none of the flowers.这些花我都不喜欢。 3.部分否定:not all,not both,not everything,all.not,both.not。当not出现在含有表示全部肯定的不定代词的句子中,不管not在它们之前还是之后都表示部分否定。 Both of them havent read this story.=One of them has read this story. 他们两个人并没有都看过这个故事。 All bamboo d
8、oesnt grow tall.=Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有竹子都长得高。,(六)few,little,a few和a little的用法 (a) few+可数名词,(a) little+不可数名词;a few和a little为肯定含义“还有一点”,few和little 为否定含义“没有多少了”。 He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。 There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。 (七)it,one和that的用法 1.it指代可数名词单数或者不可数名词,指的是“同名同物”。 The Greens boug
9、ht a new house but it will need a lot of work before they can move in. 2.one 所表示的名词(人或物)和前面所提到的名词只是同一类中的任何一个,不是特指其中某一个,指的是“同名异物”。one不能代替不可数名词。 I hope there are enough apples for children to have one. 3.that只能指物,指代前面出现过的可数名词(相当于the one)或不可数名词,后面一定要跟修饰词。 No bread eaten by man is so sweet as that earne
10、d by his own labor.,(八)other,another,others,any other,the other和the others的用法 1.other表示泛指,译为“另外的,其他的”,常与复数名词或不可数名词连用,如果其前有the,this,some,any,each,every,no,one以及形容词性物主代词时,其后就可接单数名词。 I have no other place to go. The other students have gone home. 2.another常用于指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个”,泛指单数,可单独使用,也可后接名词。如果其后接复数名词
11、,则表示“又,再,还” 。 She has three children.One is a teacher.Another is a doctor and the other is a lawyer. He has already eaten many apples and he still wants another three.,3.others是other的复数形式,表示泛指,译为“别的人或物”。 He has more concern for others than for himself. 4.any other表示同一范围内的任何一个,后跟单数名词。 China is larger
12、 than any other country in Asia. 5.the other表示两者中的另外一个,可单独使用,也可接可数名词。 No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to the other. 6.the others特指其余的人或物,常与some 搭配。 Some students are playing basketball while the others are running on the playground.,代词专项练习,一、单句填空。 1.(2016全国卷
13、)On my recent visit,I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by (it) mother. 2.(2016全国卷)No news is good news,and good news is no news. are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. 3.(2014全国大纲卷)Whos that at the door? is the milkman. 4.(2014全国大纲卷)I think
14、Mrs.Stark could be between 50 and 60 years of age. 5.(2014全国卷)A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh,dear! Its (I).”,its,Those/These,It,anywhere,me/mine,6.(2013全国大纲卷)Its an either-or situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do . 7.(2012全国卷)Larry asks Bill and Peter to go o
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