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1、精品论文New Electric Potential Energy and Measure Method forMagnetic PotentialWu Mengqi 1, 2 ,Wei Yulan 2 ,Wu Wei 31 The 802nd Research Institute,Shanghai Bureau of Astronautics Technology,Shanghai(200090)2 Zhengtai Light & Electricity Research Institute,Shanghai(200090)3 Shanghai Office of STMicroelect
2、ronics (Shanghai) Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai (200090)E-mail:AbstractBased on Lagrangian and A-B effect experiment, a kind of new electric potential energy that obtained by electron or other charged body in magnetic field has been looked. This new electric potential energyis a Chiral Potential Energy. It is d
3、ependent of magnetic potential and that is independent of magnetic induction intensity. In this paper, the measure method and definition or magnetic potential aredemonstrated, the metrical data of magnetic potential at surface of a magnet is showed, a newviewpoint that magnetic potential is the mome
4、ntum of unit charge in magnetic field is put forward, and a new Hall effect that is produced by magnetic potential is predicted.Keywords:Chiral Potential Energy,magnetic potential1IntroductionAs everyone knows that a moving electron experiences a Lorentz force in a magnetic field, but nobody thinks
5、that it can also obtain potential energy in a magnetic field. According to LagrangianG GG- 7 -1-3, the potential energy expression can be written asE A = ev Awhere vdenotes electronicvelocity, A denotes magnetic potential. The new potential energy is a Chiral Potential Energy as well as independent
6、of magnetic induction B . Therefore, it is indispensable that the Chiral Potential Energy must be included into current electromagnetic theory when all laws of electron will be fullydescribed (see section 2). We demonstrate a measure method of A (see section 3). We also demonstrate physical meaning
7、and unit of A (see section 4). Finally, we have suggested a new Halleffect that is produced by A and can be verified experimentally (see section 5). In addenda A, weG Gdemonstrate that an experiment for directly testing the potential energyev Ahas been accomplishedby Chanbers in 1960 4. It is the fa
8、mous experiment ofA Beffect in quantum mechanics 5-10.After calculate phase difference of interference fringe, we discover thatA Beffect experiment justwas a proof that moving electrons obtained potential energy in magnetic field (see section 3).2New potential energy and its chiralityAvAccording to
9、Lagrangian, a moving electron in magnetic field can also obtain potential energyAvand its expression can be written asGE = e G A . The new potential energyE = e G A isindependent of magnetic induction B , and is a Chiral Potential Energy. For instance, an electron gainsa positive E Awhen clockwise r
10、otating in magnetic field or around a magnet; it will gain a negativeE A when counter clockwise rotating. As everyone knows Lagrangian, but nobody thinks that electroncan also obtain potential energy in a magnetic field, and that energy can has chirality up to now.GTherefore, the new potential energ
11、yE A = ev Ais not study up to now.GGWith an electron moves in magnetic field, it will be subjected to Lorentz forcev B , andG GGobtain potential energyev Aand momentumeA according to Lagrangian and HamiltonianGrespectively. The Lorentz force is only dependent of B . The potential energy and momentum
12、 areGGdependent of A , but independent of B . Therefore, only using Lorentz force formula and currentelectromagnetic theory to describe all laws of electron is impossible. We believe to include the laws ofGmagnetic potential Aof Lagrangian and Hamiltonian is essential in current electromagnetic theo
13、ry.3A measure method and some result for A on surface of magnetAs everyone knows that the magnetic potential is not a measurable physical quantity in electromagnetism, then nobody studied its measure method and unit up to now. By Faradays homopolar generator experiment 11-12, we not only proved that
14、 magnetic potential can be ameasurable physical quantity but also obtained its measure method and unit.G GAccording towritten asE = ev A , the electric potential difference between points o and P can beGGGG(5) = vP AP vo AoGwhere vPGand voare velocity of both ends of oGP respectively;AP andGAo are m
15、agneticpotential at both ends of oGP respectively; just is motional emf between points o and P . It is equivalent as a rule expression of motional emf (see addenda B).GSincevo = 0Gin Fig. 1, we obtainG(6) = vP AP = 2RAP= GGGwherevP = 2Re ,APis tangential component of A on point P . That is Acan beGG
16、written asA = AP e . By Eq. (6), we haveAP= / 2Rand = / .r = 3.5, z = 3.0PConductor1GScNzPermanent magnetr = 0, z = 0o GB AFigure 1 Schematic diagram for Faradays homopolar generator experiment. The current in loop oGPco is adirect current when the rotational speed of Permanent magnet or conductor o
17、GP is constant. Theresistance of loop is 10.7 ohm. The rotation speed of electromotor is39.5s 1 . The permanent magnet is 7.0cmin diameter and 6.0cm in length. The minimal read number of the galvanometer G is 0.01mA.The experiment results and many values for andAPon surface of magnet, and areshown i
18、n table 1.Table 1 the experiment results for magnetic potential on surface of magnet.points P :z (cm)0001.02.03.04.01.02.53.53.53.53.53.5r (cm)I ( mA )0.110.982.082.603.103.363.15 ( mV )1.1810.522.327.833.236.033.730.141.212.563.203.824.143.88AP ( 10Vs / m )0.413.627.689.6011,412.411.6 ( 103Wb )Wher
19、e Iwas direct current from the read number of galvanometer G in loop oGPco ;1 = 10.7ohm I ,AP= / 2r , = / and = 39.5s .G4The physical meaning and unit for AA moving electron in magnetic field will obtain momentumGPA = eAGaccording toGHamiltonian, then physical meaning of A can be obtained from momen
20、tumeA . We think that Ais a momentum of unit charge in magnetic field. It can be called Charge Magnetic Momentum. TheGmeasurable effect of Ais changes of wavelength and frequency of charged particle. The changeGquantity can be written as = h / 2 eAand = h / ev Aaccording to de Broglie formulaGP = h
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