十年高考英语单选分类汇编-动词及短语动词.doc
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1、 十年高考【2002-2011】英语分类汇编-动词及短语动词u 动词及短语动词在高考中的考查重点:1.系动词的比较;2.动词和短语动词的习惯用法和意义辨析(高考的重中之重)。【2011全国卷,34】William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to .A.disappear B.fall C.fail D.damage【答案】C【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】disappear消失,不复存在;fall降落,跌倒,降低;fail (指健康)衰退, 衰弱;damage损害, 毁坏, 加
2、害于。句意为“William 发现阅读越来越困难了,因为他的视力开始衰退了。”“increasingly difficult越来越困难”是个渐进的过程,故选C。【2011全国卷II,10】Mary, I_John of his promise to help you. A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised【答案】B【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“玛丽,我已经提醒约翰注意他帮助你的承诺了。”remind of就提醒(某人),使(某人)想起;warn含有警告的意思。【2011天津卷,6】I a bank account after I made1
3、,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.A.borrowed B.opened C.entered D.ordered【答案】B【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“暑假兼职打工挣了1000美元后,我在银行开了帐户。”open a bank account在银行开帐户。【2011江苏卷,28】Are you still mad at her?Not really, but I cant _ that her remarks hurt me.AdenyBrefuseCrejectDdecline【答案】A【考点】考查动词
4、的辨析。【解析】句意为“你还生她的气吗?不见得,但是我不否认她的话伤害了我。”deny否认,否定;refuse,reject,decline都是拒绝的意思。not deny无法否认。故选A。【2011福建卷,28】Id prefer to my judgement until I find all the evidence.A.show B. express C.pass D.reserve【答案】D【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“我宁愿保留我的判断直到我发现所有的证据。”reserve预订或保留(座位、住处等),推迟,留到以后,与后面的until相一致。【2011安徽卷,21】As
5、the story_, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops【答案】D【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“随着故事的展开,这个神秘数字的真相渐渐地被解开了。”develop开发, 发展,把(主题或情节)逐步展现出来。根据句意选D。【2011湖北卷,26】Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also_ our thin
6、king.A. direct B. limit C. change D. improve【答案】B【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“如果我们想要获得成功,知识和学习很重要。但是它们或许会限制我们的思维。”direct指示, 指引,导演(戏剧或电影);指挥(管弦乐队);limit限制;change改变;improve改进,改善。根据句中but的转折,选B。【2011湖北卷,27】The minister said. “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but well never_ with criminals.”A.
7、 negotiate B. quarrel C. argue D. consult【答案】A【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】negotiate谈判;quarrel吵架,争吵;argue辩论,争辩;consult商议,咨询。句意为“部长说:我们愿意与任何合法党派进行讨论,但我们决不与犯罪分子谈判。”根据句意选A。【2011湖北卷,28】Clinical evidence began to_, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from exper
8、iments in animals.A. operate B. strenghten C. approve D. accumulate【答案】D【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“不断增加的临床证据表明:比起原先从动物实验中所得到的预计,这些新药具有更加广泛有用性。”operate手术,操作;strenghten加强;approve赞成;accumulate积累,(数量)逐渐增加。故选D。【2011辽宁卷,22】What are you doing out of bed, Tom? Youre to be asleep. ,A. supposed B. known C. thought D
9、. considered【答案】A【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“Tom,你不睡觉做什么?你现在应该睡觉。”out of bed未上床,起床的意思,be supposed to do应当,应该。【2011辽宁卷,24】You are old enough to your own living.A.win B. gain C. take D. earn【答案】D【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“你长大了,可以自谋生路了。”earn ones living 谋生,固定搭配。【2011全国卷,26】I can the house being untidy, but I hate it
10、if its not clean.A. come up with B.put up with C. turn to D.stick to【答案】B【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“房子里东西凌乱我能忍,但是脏我讨厌。”come up with想出, 提出;put up with 忍受, 容忍;turn to转向,翻书到,求助于,(使)变成;stick to坚持,紧跟,粘住,忠于。不整洁的;凌乱的【2011天津卷,8】She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.A.
11、turned down B.dealt with C.took after D.came across【答案】D【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“昨天在百货商店购物时,她遇上了她的老朋友。”turn down拒绝;deal with对付,处理;take after 长得像,性格类似于,效仿;come across穿过, 越过,偶然遇见。【2011山东卷,25】They are broadening the bridge to _ the flow of traffic.A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out【答案】B【考点】考查短语
12、动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“他们正在拓宽桥梁以加快交通流量。”put off推迟;speed up加快;turn on打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等),(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋;work out算出,实现。拓宽桥梁的目的是加快交通流量,故选B。【2011江苏卷,30】You look upset. Whats the matter? I had my proposal _ again.Aturned over Bturned on Cturned off Dturned down【答案】D【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“你看上去不高兴,怎么啦?我的建议又遭到拒绝了。”turn
13、 over翻身,翻转,把移交;turn on打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等),(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋;turn off关掉(电器、水龙头等),使厌烦;turn down关小(音量等),拒绝。根据句意选D。【2011福建卷,31】Born into a family with three brothers, David was to value the sense of sharing.A.brought up B.turned down C.looked after D.held back【答案】A【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“出身在一个三兄弟家庭,David受到了要看重
14、与人分享的教育。”bring up教育,养育(孩子),呕吐(食物);turn down关小(音量等),拒绝;look after照顾;hold back阻碍,抑制,隐瞒。【2011安徽卷, 34】If you _faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.A. come acrossB. care aboutC. look forD. focus upon【答案】A【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“如果你发现这辆自行车有毛病但还是想要,你就要求这家商店的营业员减价。
15、”come across偶然遇到;care about关心,在乎;look for寻找;focus upon专注于。【2011浙江卷,6】The school isnt the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose Ill just have to _it,A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye on D. catch up with【答案】A【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“这所学校并不是我原来真正想去的,但我现在想尽量好好利用它了。”make the best of充
16、分利用,尽量好好去做;get away from逃离;keep an eye on照看,,留心; 注意;catch up with追上,赶上。对照现在和过去对学校态度的变化,选A。【2011浙江卷,12】He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _at a hotel for the night.A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up【答案】D【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“他决定一路驾车回家,不在旅馆留宿。”put down放下
17、,平定, 镇压,记下;put off推迟;put on穿上,戴上,上演,假装,增加;put up举起,建立,张贴,投宿。根据句意选D。【2011四川卷,7】To get a better grade, you should _the notes again before the test.A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over【答案】A【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“为了获得好成绩,你应该在考试前好好复习这些笔记。”go over审查,复习,重温从头到尾检查一遍;get over越过,完成,克服(困难),从(疾病、失望、震惊
18、等)中恢复过来;turn over翻身,翻转,把移交;take over接管; 接替。【2011四川卷,14】I often the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the lnternet.A.look up B.look at C. look for D.look into【答案】A【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“我经常在字典里或网上查我所不懂的单词。”look up查(单词、电话号码等);look at看,注视(某人或某物);look for寻找;look into深入地检查,研究,调查。【2011陕西卷,25】Some i
19、nsects_the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out【答案】C【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】take in吸收,欺骗;take off拿走, 取下,脱去(衣服等),起飞;take on承担,呈现,雇用;take out把带出去,清除, 除掉。句意为“一些昆虫为了保护自己,让自己的体色与其周围环境的颜色相似。”【2011湖北卷,29】The government has taken measures to _ the high
20、prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.A. take down B. bring down C. hand down D. tear down【答案】B【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“政府已经采取措施来降低日常生活用品的价格以保持市场的稳定。”take down拆卸,记录,记下;bring down使(某物或某人)掉下倒下,击败,降(价);hand down把传递下来,遗留; 流传;tear down拆毁; 拆卸。根据后面的“保持市场的稳定”选B。【2011辽宁卷,26】The exam results will be on
21、 Friday afternoon.A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away【答案】C【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“考试结果将在星期五下午公布。”put down放下,平定, 镇压,记下;put off推迟;put up举起,建立,张贴,投宿;put away放好,储存,抛弃。根据句意选C。【2011江西卷35】You cant predict everything. Often things dont _ as you expect.A.run out B.break out C.work out D. put out.【答案】C
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