BS 6954-1-1988 建筑用公差.第1部分评估基本原则和规范的推荐标准1.pdf
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1、- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - BRITISH STANDARD BS 6954-1: 1988 ISO 3443/1: 1979 Tolerances for building Part 1: Recommendations for basic principles for evaluation and specification UDC 721.013:624 + 69:69.032 + 691:001.818 + (083.95):621.753.1 BS 6954-1:1988 This British Standard, having been
2、 prepared under the direction of the Basic Data and Performance Criteria for Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 29 February 1988 BSI 04-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on t
3、his standard: Committee reference BDB/4 Draft for comment 77/14091DC ISBN 0 580 16504 3 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Basic Data and Performance Criteria for Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Committee
4、 (BDB/-) to Technical Committee BDB/4, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of County Councils British Standards Society Building Employers Confederation Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers Concrete Society Department of Education and Science Department of t
5、he Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) Incorporated Association of Architects and Surveyors Institute of Building Control Institute of Clerks of Works of Great Britain Inc. Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Structural Eng
6、ineers Institution of Water and Environmental Management (IWEM) National Council of Building Materials Producers Royal Institute of British Architects Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments BS 6954-1:1988 BSI 04-1999i Contents Page
7、Committees responsibleInside front cover National forewordii 1Scope and field of application1 2Reference1 3General1 4Sources of dimensional variability2 5Consequences of dimensional variability2 6Choice of tolerance values2 Publications referred toInside back cover BS 6954-1:1988 ii BSI 04-1999 Nati
8、onal foreword This Part of BS 6954 has been prepared under the direction of the Basic Data and Performance Criteria for Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards Committee. This Part of BS 6954 together with Parts 2 and 3 form a revision of DD 22:1972. BS 6954-1, BS 6954-2 and BS 6954-3 su
9、persede DD 22:1972, which is withdrawn. This Part of BS 6954 is identical with ISO 3443/1-1979 “Tolerances for building Part 1: Basic principles for evaluation and specification”, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). BS 6954 comprises three Parts as follows: Part 1:
10、 Recommendations for basic principles for evaluation and specification; Part 2: Recommendations for statistical basis for predicting fit between components having a normal distribution of sizes; Part 3: Recommendations for selecting target size and predicting fit. BS 6954 enables the nature of devia
11、tions from intended sizes to be taken into account when designing to achieve satisfactory fit. This Part of BS 6954 describes the nature of deviations. Terminology and conventions. The text of the international standard has been approved as suitable for publication as a British Standard without devi
12、ation. Some terminology and certain conventions are not identical with those used in British Standards; attention is drawn especially to the following. Wherever the words “International Standard” appear, referring to this standard, they should be read as “British Standard”. Cross-references. The Tec
13、hnical Committee has reviewed the provisions of ISO 2444 and ISO 2445, to which reference is made in the text, and has decided that they are acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard. A related standard to ISO 2444-1074 is BS 1600 “Glossary of building and civil engineering terms” Subsect
14、ion 1.5.2:1987 “Jointing”. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pag
15、es This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 and 2, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover
16、. BS 6954-1:1988 BSI 04-19991 1 Scope and field of application This International Standard describes the nature of dimensional variability in building and the purposes for which it has to be quantified, and defines the factors to be taken into account in the evaluation, specification and verificatio
17、n of tolerances for the manufacture of building components and for site work. It applies to components and buildings generally, including those designed in accordance with the principles of modular co-ordination. 2 Reference ISO 2445, Joints in building Fundamental principles for design. Other stand
18、ards regarding tolerances for building construction are presently being prepared. 3 General The process of building construction presents specific problems in the field of tolerances and fits, which require detailed examination in relation to the technique of assembly, the performance requirements a
19、nd the costs of the completed building. The creation under site conditions of a large-scale geometric form, involving the assembly of dimensionally variable components by means of a sequence of measuring and positioning operations, can result in substantial variations from the designed size and shap
20、e (induced deviations). Coupled with this are the inevitable dimensional variations resulting from movements and changes of size of materials, which arise from extrinsic and intrinsic physico-chemical causes (inherent deviations). The object of international standardization in the field of tolerance
21、s and fits is to provide a coherent system by means of which a) dimensional and positional variabilities may be both analysed and allowed for in design; b) tolerances may be communicated clearly in specification; c) the sizes and shapes of components and buildings may be subjected to any necessary c
22、ontrol measures during manufacture and construction. When building components are located in relation to a continuous reference system (such as a modular grid), so that the structure is subjected to overall dimensional control, deviations of size, shape and position have to be absorbed within the jo
23、inting system. The consideration of tolerances for the manufacture of components and for the construction of buildings is therefore inseparable from the design of joints to provide the required dimensional flexibility (see ISO 2445). This does not mean that all joints must necessarily have this capa
24、bility, but it is necessary for deviations to be accommodated at some point; this may be achieved at the joints between individual components, or by the provision of special joints at intervals. In addition, tolerances should be considered in relation to the structural, aesthetic, legal and direct f
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