AWWA M45 Fiberglass Pipe Design.pdf
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1、1881 American Water Works Association Fiberglass Pipe Design AWWA MANUAL M45 First Edition FOUNDED Copyright (C) 1999 American Water Works Association All Rights Reserved MANUAL OF WATER SUPPLY PRACTICES - M45, First Edition Fiberglass Pipe Design Copyright 1996 American Water Works Association All
2、rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information or retrieval system, except in the form of brief excerpts or quotations for review purposes, without the written per
3、mission of the publisher. Project Manager and Technical Editor: Sharon Pellowe Copy Editor: Martha Ball Production Editor: Alan Livingston Production Artist: Karen Staab Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data “Fiberglass pipe design manual.“ xviii, 159p. 1725 cm.- - (Manual of water su
4、pply operations: M45) Includes bibliographical (p. ) references and index. ISBN 0- 89867- 889- 7 1. water- pipes. 2. Pipe, glass. I. Series. II. Series: /AWWA manual: M45 TD491.A49 no. M45 628.1 5- - - - dc2197- 4036 CIP Printed in the United States of America American Water Works Association 6666 W
5、est Quincy Avenue Denver, CO 80235 ISBN 0- 89867- 889- 7Printed on recycled paper Copyright (C) 1999 American Water Works Association All Rights Reserved 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 Contents List of Figures, vii List of Tables, xi Preface, xiii Foreword, xv Acknowledgments, xvii Chapter 1 His
6、tory and Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Introduction, 1 1.2 History, 1 1.3 Applications, 2 1.4 Standards, Specifications, and Reference Documents, 2 1.5 Terminology, 6 Chapter 2 Materials, Properties, and Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.1 General, 7
7、 2.2 Characteristics, 7 2.3 The Material System, 8 2.4 Glass Fiber Reinforcements, 8 2.5 Resins, 9 2.6 Other Components, 10 2.7 Physical Properties, 11 2.8 Mechanical Properties, 12 Chapter 3 Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.1 Introduction, 15 3.2 Filament W
8、inding, 15 3.3 Centrifugal Casting, 18 References, 20 Chapter 4 Hydraulics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4.1 Hydraulic Characteristics, 21 4.2 Preliminary Pipe Sizing, 21 4.3 Typical Pipe Diameters, 22 4.4 Pressure Loss Calculations, 23 4.5 Head Loss in Fittings, 2
9、7 4.6 Energy Consumption Calculation Procedure, 29 4.7 Transient Pressures, 31 References, 34 Chapter 5 Buried Pipe Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5.1 Introduction, 35 5.2 Design Terminology, 35 iii Copyright (C) 1999 American Water Works Association All Rights Reserve
10、d Chapter 5 Buried Pipe Designcontinued 5.3 Design Conditions, 36 5.4 Pipe Properties, 38 5.5 Installation Parameters, 38 5.6 Design Procedure, 39 5.7 Design Calculations and Requirements, 39 5.8 Axial Loads, 54 5.9 Special Design Considerations, 54 5.10 Design Examples, 54 References, 71 Chapter 6
11、Guidelines for Underground Installation of Fiberglass Pipe . . 73 6.1 Introduction, 73 6.2 Related Documents, 74 6.3 Terminology, 75 6.4 In Situ Soils, 77 6.5 Embedment Materials, 77 6.6 Trench Excavation, 80 6.7 Pipe Installation, 82 6.8 Field Monitoring, 87 6.9 Contract Document Recommendations, 8
12、8 References, 88 Chapter 7 Buried Pipe Thrust Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 7.1 Unbalanced Thrust Forces, 91 7.2 Thrust Resistance, 92 7.3 Thrust Blocks, 93 7.4 Joints With Small Deflections, 95 7.5 Restrained (Tied) Joints, 99 Chapter 8 Aboveground Pipe Design and Installation
13、 . . . . . . . . . . 103 8.1 Introduction, 103 8.2 Test Methods and Physical Properties, 103 8.3 Internal Pressure Rating, 105 8.4 Thermal Expansion and Contraction, 107 8.5 Thermal Expansion Design, 107 8.6 Supports, Anchors, and Guides, 114 8.7 Bending, 120 8.8 Thermal Conductivity, 120 8.9 Heat T
14、racing, 121 8.10 Characteristics and Properties, 122 References, 124 Chapter 9 Joining Systems, Fittings, and Specials . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 9.1 Introduction, 125 9.2 Fiberglass Pipe Joining Systems Classification, 125 9.3 Gasket Requirements, 126 9.4 Joining Systems Description, 126 9.5 Assem
15、bly of Bonded, Threaded, and Flanged Joints, 131 iv Copyright (C) 1999 American Water Works Association All Rights Reserved 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 9.6 Fittings and Specials, 134 9.7 Service Line Connections, 138 References, 138 Chapter 10 Shipping, Handling, Storage, and Repair . . . . .
16、 . . . . . . 139 10.1 Introduction, 139 10.2 Shipping, 139 10.3 Handling, 140 10.4 Storage, 142 10.5 Repair, 143 Glossary, 145 Index, 153 List of AWWA Manuals, 159 v Copyright (C) 1999 American Water Works Association All Rights Reserved Figures 3-1 Filament winding process, 16 3-2 Application of im
17、pregnated glass reinforcement of a filament wound pipe, 16 3-3 Continuous advancing mandrel method, 17 3-4 Finished pipe emerging from curing oven, 18 3-5 Preformed glass reinforcement sleeve method, 19 3-6 Chopped glass reinforcement method, 19 3-7 Application of glass, resin, and sand, 20 4-1 Fric
18、tion loss characterisitics of water flow through fiberglass pipe, 23 4-2 Moody diagram for determination of friction factor for turbulent flow, 26 5-1 Definition of common variables used in chapter 5, 37 5-2 Distribution of HS-20 live load through fill for H 1.00 is appropriate. 5.7.3.4 Bedding coef
19、ficient Kx. The bedding coefficient reflects the degree of support provided by the soil at the bottom of the pipe and over which the bottom reaction is distributed. Assuming an inconsistent haunch achievement (typical direct bury condition), a Kx value of 0.1 should be used. For uniform shaped botto
20、m support, a Kx value of 0.083 is appropriate. 5.7.3.5 Vertical soil load on the pipe Wc. The vertical soil load on the pipe may be considered as the weight of the rectangular prism of soil directly above the pipe. The soil prism would have a height equal to the depth of earth cover and a width equa
21、l to the pipe outside diameter. Wc = s H 144 (5-9) Where: Wc = vertical soil load, psi s = unit weight of overburden, lb/ft3 H = burial depth of top of pipe, ft 5.7.3.6 Live loads on the pipe WL. The following calculation assumes a four-lane road with an AASHTO HS-20 truck centered in each 12-ft (3.
22、7-m) wide lane. The pipe may be perpendicular or parallel to the direction of truck travel or any intermediate position. Other design truck loads can be specified as required by project needs and local practice. 1. Compute L1, load width (ft) parallel to direction of travel, see Figure 5-1. L1 = 0.8
23、3 + 1.75 H (5-10) 2. Compute L2, load width (ft) perpendicular to direction of travel, see Figure 5-2. 2 ft Cc 3eGPPoorly graded gravelf Gravels with fines More than 12% finesc Fines classify as ML or MHGMSilty gravelf,g,h Fines classify as CL or CH GCClayey gravelf,g,h Sands 50% or more of coarse f
24、raction passes No. 4 sieve Clean sands Less than 5% finesd Cu 6 and 1 Cc 3eSWWell-graded sandi Cu Cc 3eSPPoorly graded sandi Sands with fines More than 12% finesd Fines classify as ML or MHSMSilty sandg,h,i Fines classify as CL or CHSCClayey sandg,h,i Fine- grained soils 50% or more passes the no. 2
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