BS 5438-1989 纺织品当受到点燃的微小火焰作用于垂置顶位表面或底部边缘抽样样品时的可燃性.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 5438:1989 Incorporating Amendment Nos. 1 and 2 Methods of test for Flammability of textile fabrics when subjected to a small igniting flame applied to the face or bottom edge of vertically oriented specimens UDC 677.014.27:614.841.411:536.468:543.874 标准搜搜网 提供各类标准行业资料免费下载 BS 5438

2、:1989 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Textile and Clothing Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 29 September 1989 BSI 01-2000 First published November 1976 The following BSI references relate

3、 to the work on this standard: Committee reference TCM/30 Draft for comment 87/45459 DC ISBN 0 580 17341 0 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Textiles and Clothing Standards Policy Committee (TCM/-) to Technical Committee TC

4、M/30, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Heavy Textile Proofers of Great Britain Bolton Institute of Higher Education British Burn Association British Carpet Manufacturers Association Ltd. British Clothing Industry Association British Plastics Federation British Steel C

5、orporation British Textile Employers Association Chemical Industries Association Chief and Assistant Chief Fire Officers Association City of Bradford Conditioning House Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Department of the Environment (The

6、 Crown Suppliers) Department of Trade and Industry (Consumer Safety Unit, CA Division) Design Council Home and Contract Furnishing Textiles Association Home Office International Wool Secretariat Lambeg Industrial Research Association London Scientific Services Man-made Fibres Producers Committee Min

7、istry of Defence Soap and Detergent Industry Association Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Ltd. Textile Institute Textile Research Council Warrington Fire Research Centre Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments 6509June 1990 8308December 1994 Indicated by a sidelin

8、e in the margin 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 标准搜搜网 提供各类标准行业资料免费下载 BS 5438:1989 BSI 01-2000i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii Section 1. General 1Scope1 2Definitions1 3Conditioning and testing atmospheres and location1 4Health and safety of operators2 5Apparatu

9、s2 6Setting up the apparatus6 Section 2. Methods of test 7Text deleted8 8Text deleted8 9Test 2A. Limited flame spread: face ignition8 10Test 2B. Limited flame spread: bottom edge ignition8 11Text deleted9 12Text deleted9 Appendix A Measurement of damaged length10 Appendix B Suggested test report for

10、mats11 Appendix C Advice on the choice of test method and acceptance criteria12 Figure 1 Test specimen holder and burner ignition location3 Figure 2 Gas burner4 Figure 3 Test specimen holders and location of specimens5 Figure 4 Flame position and adjustment7 Table 1 Comparison of marker thread heigh

11、ts and marker thread severance times15 Publications referred toInside back cover 标准搜搜网 提供各类标准行业资料免费下载 BS 5438:1989 ii BSI 01-2000 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Textiles and Clothing Standards Policy Committee. It supersedes BS 5438:1976, which will be w

12、ithdrawn when legislation which relates to BS 5438:1976 has been amended. BS 5438 was introduced in 1976 and described three test methods for observing and measuring aspects of the flammability of textile fabrics when subjected to a small igniting flame applied to the face of a vertically oriented s

13、pecimen. These test methods were subsequently specified in British Standard performance specifications for sleepwear, blankets, curtains and drapes, industrial protective clothing, tentage etc. In some instances modifications to the original test procedures have been introduced in these performance

14、specifications, notably reduced pinning. This reduced pinning has been found to give more realistic, although less reproducible results. In 1994 BS 5438 was amended as a result of the publication of BS EN 26940 and BS EN 26941, which together partially superseded it. Tests 1A and 1B were deleted (su

15、perseded by the tests in clause 8 of BS EN 26940) as were tests 3A and 3B (superseded by the tests in clause 8 of BS EN 26941). It should be noted that the procedure in clause 9 (test 2a), although retained for the time being, has been adopted in EN 532. In due course EN 26940, EN 26941 and EN 532 w

16、ill be replaced by a new set of International/European Standards that will correspond to the six test methods in BS 5438:1989, which will then be withdrawn. Advice on the choice of test method and acceptance criteria is given in Appendix C. Attention is also drawn to PD 2777:1994 which provides addi

17、tional information on the development of BS 5438 and related standards. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer im

18、munity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in

19、the amendment table on the inside front cover. 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 标准搜搜网 提供各类标准行业资料免费下载 BS 5438:1989 BSI 01-20001 Section 1. General 1 Scope This British Standard describes methods of test for flammability of textile fabrics by observing and measuring the limited flame spread and of

20、vertically oriented test specimens when subjected to a small igniting flame applied to the face or bottom edge. Test specimens can be of a single fabric or any combination of materials representative of the product in use, e.g. coated, multi-layered fabrics. NOTE 1Wherever practical, trimmings shoul

21、d be tested as part of the fabric assembly on which they are or will be used. NOTE 2The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the following definitions apply. 2.1 glowing combustion of a ma

22、terial in the solid phase without flame but with emission of light from the combustion zone (Extracted from BS ISO 4880.) 2.2 ignition flaming of the test specimen for a period of 1 s or more after removal of the igniting flame, unless otherwise specified in performance requirements 2.3 flaming debr

23、is material separating from the specimen during the test procedure and falling below the initial lower edge of the specimen and continuing to flame as it falls 2.4 hole a break in the fabric at least 2 mm 2 mm in size caused by melting, glowing or flaming. If the hole is crossed by any material it i

24、s described as discontinuous NOTEThis definition applies only to face ignition tests. 2.5 duration of flame the length of time for which a material continues to flame, under specified test conditions, after the ignition source has been removed (Extracted from BS ISO 4880.) NOTE 1Also called afterfla

25、me time. NOTE 2Flaming debris is not included in this definition. 2.6 afterglow time the time for which a material continues to glow, under specified test conditions, after cessation of flaming or after removal of the ignition source, ignoring glowing debris (Extracted from BS ISO 4880.) NOTEAlso ca

26、lled duration of afterglow. 2.7 flame application time the time for which the igniting flame is applied to the test specimen 2.8 minimum ignition time the minimum flame application time required to cause ignition (2.2) of the test specimen 2.9 flame spread time the time taken by a flame on a burning

27、 material to travel a specified distance under specified test conditions, measured from when the igniting flame is applied 2.10 damaged length the maximum extent of damaged material measured in a vertical or a horizontal direction, whichever is the greater, on each test specimen NOTEMethods for meas

28、urement of damaged length are given in Appendix A. 2.11 surface flash rapid spread of flame over the surface of a material without ignition of its basic structure (Extracted from BS ISO 4880. See also BS 4569.) 3 Conditioning and testing atmospheres and location 3.1 Conditioning. Condition the test

29、specimens for at least 24 h in an atmosphere having a temperature of 20 5 C and a relative humidity of 65 5 %. If testing is not carried out immediately after conditioning place the conditioned test specimens in a sealed container. Begin testing each specimen within 2 min of removing it from either

30、the conditioning atmosphere or the sealed container. 标准搜搜网 提供各类标准行业资料免费下载 BS 5438:1989 2 BSI 01-2000 3.2 Testing atmosphere. Perform the tests in an atmosphere having a temperature of 15 C to 30 C, relative humidity of 55 20 % and air movement which is less than 0.2 m/s at the commencement of the t

31、est and is not influenced further by mechanical devices operating during the test, and where the volume of air surrounding the test location is such that the test will be unaffected by any reduction of oxygen concentration. Where test 3 is to be performed in an open-fronted cabinet, make provision f

32、or mounting the specimen at least 300 mm from any wall. NOTE 1Draught shields may be required to restrict air movement in the region of the flame application. NOTE 2The testing location should be provided with means of removing smoke and fumes. 4 Health and safety of operators There is a considerabl

33、e risk with these tests and suitable precautions shall be taken. NOTEBetween tests, the atmosphere of the testing location, which should be of adequate dimensions to avoid endangering the health of operators, should be cleared of smoke and fumes by an extractor fan or other means of ventilation. It

34、should be ensured that the required atmosphere and air movement for testing are restored (see 3.2) after evacuation of smoke and fumes. 5 Apparatus NOTESince some products of combustion are corrosive, it is essential that the equipment should be constructed of material which will not be adversely af

35、fected by the fumes. 5.1 Mounting frame capable of holding the burner, test specimen holders and marker threads in the desired positions described in clause 6 and 11.4.2 see Figure 1 and Figure 3(c). 5.2 Gas burner1) having the dimensions given in Figure 2 and capable of being fixed vertically, hori

36、zontally or inclined at 30 to the vertical and capable of being moved quickly from stand-by positions, where the tip of the burner is at least 50 mm in front of the test specimen, to the operating positions described in 6.1.2 and 6.2.2 (see Figure 4). NOTESmall differences in the design and dimensio

37、ns of the burner can influence the configuration of the burner flame and so affect the results of the tests. 5.3 A supply of commercial butane complying with the requirements of BS 4250. 5.4 Test specimen holders 5.4.1 Text deleted 5.4.2 Test specimen holder for tests 2A and 2B consisting of a recta

38、ngular metal frame having a test specimen support pin of maximum diameter 2 mm and minimum length 27 mm at each corner of a rectangle of length 190 mm and width 150 mm. Spacer stubs of diameter 2 mm and minimum length 20 mm are provided adjacent to the test specimen support pins. The distance from t

39、he centre of a test specimen support pin to the edge of the frame is 5 mm and the distance from the centre of a test specimen support pin to the centre of the adjacent spacer stub is 6 mm see Figure 3(b). NOTEThe dimensions of the test specimen are given in 9.3 and 10.3. 5.4.3 Text deleted 1) For in

40、formation on the availability of such a burner apply to BSI Enquiries, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK14 6LE. 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 标准搜搜网 提供各类标准行业资料免费下载 BS 5438:1989 BSI 01-20003 Figure 1 Test specimen holder and burner ignition location 标准搜搜网 提供各类标准行业资料免费下载 BS 5438:1989 4 BSI 01-2000

41、 Figure 2 Gas burner 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 标准搜搜网 提供各类标准行业资料免费下载 BS 5438:1989 BSI 01-20005 5.5 Templates 5.5.1 Text deleted 5.5.2 A flat rigid template for tests 2A and 2B of length 200 mm and width 160 mm having holes approximately 2 mm in diameter in each corner so positioned that cen

42、tres of the holes correspond to the centres of the test specimen support pins on the test specimen holder for tests 2A and 2B (5.4.2), i.e. at each corner of a rectangle of length 190 mm and width 150 mm. 5.5.3 Text deleted 5.6 Timing devices 5.6.1 A timing device accurate to 0.2 s or better. NOTETh

43、is is used in all tests to measure the flame application time. 5.6.2 Timing devices accurate to 0.2 s or better started automatically when the igniting flame is removed from the test specimen and capable of being stopped manually. NOTEThese devices are used in tests 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B to measure the

44、afterflame and/or afterglow time. Their use is optional in tests 3A and 3B. 5.6.3 Text deleted 5.7 A rule graduated in millimetres. NOTEThis is required for tests 2A and 2B only. 5.8 Text deleted (a) Text deleted(b) Text deleted (c) Test 3. Flame spread time All dimensions in millimetres. Figure 3 T

45、est specimen holders and location of test specimens 标准搜搜网 提供各类标准行业资料免费下载 BS 5438:1989 6 BSI 01-2000 6 Setting up the apparatus 6.1 Procedure A (face ignition) 6.1.1 Mounting of test specimen. Place the test specimen on the pins of the test specimen holder, making certain that the pins pass through

46、the points marked off from the template and that the test specimen is at least 20 mm away from the rectangular metal frame of the test specimen holder. Fit the test specimen holder to the mounting frame with the specimen vertical. 6.1.2 Operating position of burner. Position the burner perpendicular

47、 to the surface of the test specimen such that the axis of the burner is 20 mm above the line of the lower pins and is aligned with the vertical centreline of the face of the test specimen see Figure 4(a). Ensure that the tip of the burner is 17 mm from the face of the test specimen. 6.1.3 Flame hei

48、ght adjustment. Set the burner in the vertical stand-by position. Light the burner and preheat it for 2 min. Adjust the flame height to 40 2 mm, measured as the distance between the tip of the burner tube and the top of the yellow part of the flame when the burner is vertically oriented and the flam

49、e is viewed in dim light see Figure 4(c). 6.1.4 Flame check: horizontal reach. Return the burner to the horizontal stand-by position and check that the horizontal reach of the flame is a minimum of 21 mm see Figure 4(d). NOTE 1It is essential that the horizontal reach of the flame obtained from the jet incorporated in the burner is at least this minimum length. NOTE 2If the apparatus does not have a horizonta