EN 349-1993 机械安全 避免挤压人体各部分的最小间隙.pdf
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1、EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 349 April 1993 UDC 614.8:331.456:62-783.61 Descriptors: Safety of machines, accident prevention, hazards, human body, distance, minimum value English version Safety of machinery Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body Scurit des
2、machines Ecartements minimaux pour prvenir les risques d crasement de parties du corps humain Sicherheit von Maschinen Mindestabstnde zur Vermeidung des Quetschens von Krperteilen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1993-04-02. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal
3、Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. Th
4、is European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are t
5、he national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komite
6、e fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1993 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN 349:1993 E EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:27:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 349:1993
7、 BSI 10-1998 2 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by CEN/TC 114 “ Safety of machinery” , WG 2 “ Safety distances” . This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Commission of the European Communities and the Secretariat of the European Free Trade Associ
8、ation and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 1993, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by O
9、ctober 1993. In accordance with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
10、 United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Thu Oct 26 02:27:36 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 349:1993 BSI 10-19983 0 Introduction According to EN 292-1, in general machinery is said to be safe if it can perform its function, be transported, installed, adjusted, main
11、tained, dismantled and disposed of under the conditions of its intended use without causing injury or damaging human health. One method of avoiding the hazard of crushing of parts of the human body is to make use of the minimum gaps in this standard. In specifying minimum gaps a number of aspects ha
12、ve to be taken into consideration, such as accessibility of the crushing zones; anthropometric data, taking into account ethnic groups likely to be found in European countries; technical and practical aspects. If these aspects are further developed the current state of the art, reflected in this Eur
13、opean Standard, could be improved. 1 Scope The object of this European Standard is to enable the user (e.g. standard makers, designers of machinery) to avoid hazards from crushing zones. It specifies minimum gaps relative to parts of the human body and is applicable when adequate safety can be achie
14、ved by this method. This European Standard is applicable to risks from crushing hazards only and is not applicable to other possible hazards, e.g. impact, shearing, drawing-in. NOTEFor, e.g. impact, shearing, drawing-in hazards additional or other measures need to be taken. 2 Normative references Th
15、is European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publi
16、cations apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology. EN
17、 292-2, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles and specifications. EN 294, Safety of machinery Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard the following definition a
18、pplies in addition to the definitions given in EN 292-1 and EN 294: crushing zone zone in which the human body or parts of the human body are exposed to a crushing hazard. This hazard will be generated if two movable parts are moving towards one another; one movable part is moving towards a fixed pa
19、rt; (see also annex A) 4 Minimum gaps 4.1 Methodology for the use of this European Standard The method of using this European Standard shall form part of the iterative safety strategy outlined in clause 5 “ Strategy for selecting safety measures” of EN 292-1. The user of this European Standard shall
20、: a) Identify the crushing hazards. b) Assess the risks from these hazards in accordance with EN 292-1 paying particular attention to the following. Where it is foreseeable that the risk from a crushing hazard involves different parts of the body, the minimum gap in Table 1 relating to the largest o
21、f these parts shall be applied (see also d). The unpredictable behaviour of children and their body dimensions if children are included in the population at risk. Whether parts of the body could enter the crushing zone in a configuration other than those indicated in Table 1. Whether thick or bulky
22、clothing (e.g. protection clothing for extreme temperatures) or tools have to be taken into account. Whether machinery will be used by persons wearing thick soled footwear (e.g. clogs) which will increase the effective dimension of the foot. c) Select from Table 1 the appropriate minimum gap relatin
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