EN CR12471-1996 Screening tests for nickel release from alloys and coatings in items that come into direct and prolonged contact with the skin.pdf
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1、CEN REPORT RAPPORT CEN CEN BERICHT CR 12471 August 2002 ICS 39.060 English version Screening tests for nickel release from alloys and coatings in items that come into direct and prolonged contact with the skin Mthode de tri pour la libration du nickel des alliages et revtements prsents sur les artic
2、les de consommation entrant en contact direct et prolong avec la peau Schnelltest fr die Nickelabgabe aus Legierungen und Auflagen auf Gegenstnden, die mit der Haut in direkte und lnger andauernde Berhrung kommen This CEN Report was approved by CEN on 13 April 2002. It has been drawn up by the Techn
3、ical Committee CEN/TC 283. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR ST
4、ANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2002 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CR 12471:2002 E ? ? Screening tests for nickel rele
5、ase from alloys and coatings intings i items that come into direct and prolonged contact with the skinh the sk Schnelltest fr die Nickelabgabe aus Legierungen undgabe aus Legieru Auflagen auf Gegenstnden, die mit der Haut in direkte und mit der Haut lnger andauernde Berhrung kommen ? This CEN Report
6、 was approved by CEN on 13 April 2002. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 283.n up by the Technical Com CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Czech Republic, Denmark, ? ? Iceland, Ireland, Ital
7、y, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Ki Norway, Portugal, Spain, CR 12471:2002 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 Introduction.4 1Scope 5 2Short description of the methods 5 3Reagents.5 4Equipment.5 5Procedure .6 5.1Preparation of solutions6 5.2Sample
8、 preparation .6 5.3Test methods7 6Interpretation of results.8 6.1Positive result.8 6.2Negative result .9 6.3Uncertain result9 7Test report 9 Bibliography10 ? page .3 4. 1Scope 55 2Short description of the methods 5 3Reagents.5. 4Equipment.5 5Procedure .6 5.1Preparation of solutions ? 6 5.2Sample pre
9、paration 6. 5.3Test methods7. 6Interpretation of results 6.1Positive result.8. 6.2Negative result .9 ? 6.3Uncertain result9. 7Test report 9 ? ? Bibliography CR 12471:2002 (E) 3 Foreword This document (CR 12471:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 283 “Precious metals - Applications
10、in jewellery and associated products“, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. ? This document (CR 12471:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 283 “Precious metals -cious metals - Applications in jewellery and associated products“, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. CR 12471:2
11、002 (E) 4 Introduction This document has been developed as a simple, quick and inexpensive means for qualitatively testing for nickel release from (mainly) consumer items. It has particular relevance in relation to allergic contact dermatitis due to nickel allergy. The tests described are quick and
12、easy to conduct and two of them are suitable for application outside of the laboratory. European Parliament and Council Directive 94/27/EC (OJ No. L 188 of 22.7.94) has set a nickel release rate threshold of 0,5 g/cm2/week. Although the present document will give information concerning nickel releas
13、e, results obtained from its application do not constitute confirmation or otherwise of compliance with the directive. In order to show compliance with the directive, it is necessary that items are tested in accordance with European Standards EN 1810, EN 1811 or EN 12472, as appropriate, depending u
14、pon the nature of the item to be tested. ? This document has been developed as a simple, quick and inexpensive means for qualitatively testing for nickelkel release from (mainly) consumer items. It has particular relevance in relation to allergic contact dermatitis due to due to nickel allergy. The
15、tests described are quick and easy to conduct and two of them are suitable for appliplicationca European Parliament and Council Directive 94/27/EC (OJ No. L 188 of 22.7.94) has set a nickel release raickel release ratete /week. Although the present document will give information concerning nickel re
16、lease,ng nickel relea results obtained from its application do not constitute confirmation or otherwise of compliance with the dth theirective. Inive. order to show compliance with the directive, it is necessary that items are tested in accordance with Europeane with Europe ? ? Standards EN 1810, EN
17、 1811 or EN 12472, as appropriate, depending upon the nature of the item to be tested.o be tested CR 12471:2002 (E) 5 1 Scope This document presents a screening procedure, based primarily on the use of dimethylglyoxime, for the detection of nickel release from items that come into direct and prolong
18、ed contact with the skin. The tests provide qualitative, not quantitative, results. NOTE - EN 1811 specifies a quantitative reference test for the release of nickel. 2 Short description of the methods The test methods are based on the formation of a coloured complex when nickel ions come into contac
19、t with dimethylglyoxime or dithiooxamide. In order to increase the sensitivity of the method, pre-treatment with artificial sweat and heat is used to induce corrosion of the surface, simulating the influence of sweat when the item is in contact with the skin. This screening method gives a result in
20、a short time. The result is indicative and provides guidance when evaluating items for nickel release. 3 Reagents All reagents shall be of pro analysi grade or better. 3.1Deionized water 3.2Ammonia solution, about 10 % (m/m) NH3 NOTE - This solution may be prepared from a more concentrated ammonia s
21、olution; for example, one containing 24 % or 30 % (m/m) NH3. 3.3Sodium chloride, NaCI 3.4Lactic acid, CH3CHOHCOOH, = 1,21 g/ml, 88 % 3.5Urea, CO(NH2)2 3.6Dimethylglyoxime, C4H8N2O2, 99 %, or test strips for the detection of nickel, containing dimethylglyoxime or other colorimetric reagent(s) with ap
22、proximately equivalent selectivity and sensitivity to nickel. 3.7Ethanol, C2H5OH, 95 % 3.8Hydrogen peroxide, H202, approximately 30 % (m/V) solution (100 volume). (Not required for the pre-test, 5.3.4 or the field test, 5.3.6) 3.9Dithiooxamide (rubeanic acid), C2H4N2S2. (Not required for the pre-tes
23、t or the field test) 3.10Sodium acetate trihydrate, C2H3NaO23H2O. (Not required for the pre-test or the field test) 3.11Acetic acid, glacial, C2H4O2. (Not required for the pre-test or the field test) 4 Equipment 4.1Flat-bottomed dish, made of glass or other non-metallic material. (Not required for t
24、he pre-test) 4.2Thermometer, (0C - 100C) 1C ? ? This document presents a screening procedure, based primarily on the use of dimethylglyoxime, for the detection The test methods are based on the formation of a coloured complex when nickel ions come into contact with come into con dimethylglyoxime or
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