IEEE Std C37.97-1979 IEEE Guide for Protective Relay Applications to Power System Buses.pdf
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1、ANSI/IEEE C37.97-1979 An American National Standard IEEE Guide for Protective Relay Applications to Power System Buses Sponsor Power Systems Relaying Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Secretariat Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc National Electrical Manufacturers A
2、ssociation Approved September 8, 1977 Reaffirmed March 22, 1984 Reaffirmed December 6, 1990 IEEE Standards Board Approved February 15, 1979 Reaffirmed June 30, 1986 Approved April 9, 1990 American National Standards Institute Published by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc 34
3、5 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017 American National Standard An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The
4、existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic
5、review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise. or withdraw this standard no later than
6、 five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Copyright 1979 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc No part of this publicati
7、on may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. iii Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of ANSI/IEEE C37.97-1979, Guide for Protective Relay Applications to Power System Buses.) This publication was prepared b
8、y the Transformer and Bus Protection Subcommittee of the IEEE Power System Relaying Committee. The Subcommittee expresses its gratitude to past and present members, members of the Power System Relaying Committee, Liaison Committees and Groups who have contributed their time and knowledge in preparin
9、g this guide. The Standards Committee on Power Switchgear, C37, which reviewed and approved this standard, had the following personnel at the time of approval: C. L. Wagner, Chair J. P. Lucas, Secretary J. E. Beehler, Vice Chair W. E. Laubach, Vice Chair S. H. Telander, Vice Chair Organization Repre
10、sentedName of Representative Association of American RailroadsVacant Association of Iron and Steel EngineersJ. M. Tillman Electric Light and Power GroupK. G. Adgate J. E Beehler R. L. Capra (Alt) H. G. Darron H. F. Frus K. D. Hendrix, R. L. Lindsey (Alt) E. E. Ramm (Alt) F. R. Solis Institute of Ele
11、ctrical and Electronics EngineersM. J. Beachy (Alt) R. N. Bell (Alt) H. H. Fahnoe R. E. Friedrich M. J. Maier, C. A. Mathews (Alt) D. C. Musgrave (Alt) G. W. Walsh H. F. White National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationA. P. Colaiaco R. W. Dunham D. G. Portman G. A. Wilson W. R. Wilson Tennessee V
12、alley AuthorityRobert C. St. Clair Testing Laboratory GroupL. Frier E. J. Huber R. W. Seelbach (Alt) U.S. Department of the ArmyRobert H. Bruck U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of ReclamationEdward M. Tomsic U.S. Department of Defense, Defense Communications AgencyVacant U.S. Department of th
13、e Navy, Naval Facilities Engineering CommandD. M. Hannemann iv The personnel of the IEEE Working Group of the Transformer and Bus Protection Subcommittee who developed this standard were: T. Niessink, Chair H. A. Buhl L. T. Burdick L. E. Goff J. M. Intrabartola R. E. Linton G. Lokken V. A. Nosko B.
14、J. Schaefer D. R. Volzka The personnel of the IEEE Transformer and Bus Protection Subcommittee who reviewed and approved this standard were: R. W. Haas, Chair D. Zollman, Secretary F. G. Basso E. A. Baumgartner J. J. Bonk J. V. Bonucchi L. E. Goff S. E. Grier C. H. Griffin R. E. Hart J. M. Intrabart
15、ola B. Lageman H. B. Lee W. R. Lund W. K. Morrison T. Niessink V. A. Nosko G. D. Parr C. M. Shuster J. E. Stephens D. R. Volzka J. W. Walton J. A. Zulaski When the IEEE Standards Board approved this standard on September 8, 1977, it had the following membership: William R. Kruesi, Chair Irvin N. How
16、ell, Jr, Vice Chair Ivan G. Easton, Secretary William E. Andrus Jean Jacques Archambault Mark Barber Edward J. Cohen Warren H. Cook Louis Costrell R. L. Curtis David B. Dobson R. O. Duncan Charles W. Flint Jay Forster Ralph I. Hauser Joseph L. Koepfinger Irving Kolodny Benjamin J. Leon Thomas J. Mar
17、tin Donald T. Michael Voss A. Moore William S. Morgan William J. Neiswender Ralph M. Showers Robert A. Soderman Leonard W. Thomas, Sr B. W. Whittington ? v CLAUSEPAGE 1. Introduction.1 1.1 Purpose and Scope. 1 1.2 Factors Which Determine the Need and Type of Bus Protection 1 1.3 Basic Principles of
18、Bus Protection Operation 1 2. Relay Input Sources2 2.1 General Background 2 2.2 Types of Current Transformers 2 2.3 Current Transformer Characteristics 3 3. Bus Protection Systems.4 3.1 Differential Protection 4 3.2 Partial Differential Protection 5 3.3 Combined Differential Zones. 6 3.4 Directional
19、 Comparison Bus Relaying 7 3.5 Fault Bus Protection. 7 4. Common Bus Arrangements with Relay Input Sources .8 4.1 General. 8 4.2 Bus Configurations 8 5. Other Considerations Associated with Bus Protection .13 5.1 Current Transformer Location. 13 5.2 Wiring and Grounding. 13 5.3 Location of Bus on th
20、e System 13 5.4 Bus Construction 13 5.5 Problems Associated with Switching and Bypassing 14 5.6 Auxiliary Tripping Relays . 15 5.7 Reclosing of Breakers After a Bus Differential Operation 15 5.8 Testing of Bus Differential Relaying. 16 5.9 Bus Backup Protection. 17 6. Bibliography17 ? Copyright 1979
21、 IEEE All Rights Reserved1 An American National Standard IEEE Guide for Protective Relay Applications to Power System Buses 1. Introduction 1.1 Purpose and Scope This guide has been prepared to assist the reader in the effective application of relays for protection of power system electrical buses.
22、The bus protection described refers only to protection at the bus location, independent of equipment at remote locations. Common bus arrangements and some special arrangements used in the United States are covered. Not all bus protection systems or all possible bus arrangements are included. 1.2 Fac
23、tors Which Determine the Need and Type of Bus Protection A bus is a critical element of a power system, as it is the point of convergence of many circuits transmission, generation, or loads. The effect of a single bus fault is equivalent to many simultaneous faults and usually, due to the concentrat
24、ion of supply circuits, involves high current magnitudes. High-speed bus protection is often provided to limit the damaging effects on equipment or system stability or to maintain service to as much load as possible. Without bus protection, the remote terminals of lines connected to a faulted bus mu
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