03836-SPC Chapter 1 - Statistical Process Control.pdf
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1、THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF QUALITY, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson LearningTM Statistical Process Control 1 A methodology for monitoring a process to identify special causes of variation and signal the need to take corrective action when appropriate SPC relies on control charts THE MANAGEMENT AND
2、 CONTROL OF QUALITY, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson LearningTM SPC relies on control charts 2 Common Causes THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF QUALITY, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson LearningTM 3 Special Causes Histograms do not take into account changes over time. THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF QUALITY,
3、5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson LearningTM 4 Control charts can tell us when a process changes Establish state of statistical control Monitor a process and signal THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF QUALITY, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson LearningTM Monitor a process and signal when it goes out of control
4、Determine process capability 5 Control Capability In Control Out of Control THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF QUALITY, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson LearningTM 6 Capable Not Capable IDEAL Variables data x-bar and R-charts x-bar and s-charts Charts for individuals (x THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF QUALIT
5、Y, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson LearningTM Charts for individuals (x-charts) Attribute data For “defectives” (p-chart, np-chart) For “defects” (c-chart, u-chart) 7 1.Prepare Choose measurement Determine how to collect data, sample size, and frequency of sampling Set up an initial control chart THE
6、 MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF QUALITY, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson LearningTM Set up an initial control chart 2.Collect Data Record data Calculate appropriate statistics Plot statistics on chart 8 THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF QUALITY, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson LearningTM 9 3.Determine trial co
7、ntrol limits Center line (process average) Compute UCL, LCL THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF QUALITY, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson LearningTM 4.Analyze and interpret results Determine if in control Eliminate out-of-control points Recompute control limits as necessary 10 THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF
8、QUALITY, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson LearningTM 11 THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF QUALITY, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson LearningTM 12 THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF QUALITY, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson LearningTM 13 THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF QUALITY, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson Learning
9、TM 14 Point outside control limits Sudden shift in process average Cycles Trends THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF QUALITY, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Thomson LearningTM Trends Hugging the center line Hugging the control limits Instability 15 THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF QUALITY, 5e, 2002 South-Western/Tho
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