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1、a Date: 20 August 2007 Origin: European Latest date for receipt of comments: 30 November 2007 Project no.: 2006/02691 Responsible committee: RAE/4 Braking Interested committees: Title: Draft BS EN 14531-6 Railway applications - Methods for calculation of stopping and slowing distances and immobiliza
2、tion braking Part 6: High speed trains Supersession information: If this document is published as a standard, the UK implementation of it will supersede NONE and partially supersede. NONE If you are aware of a current national standard which may be affected, please notify the secretary (contact deta
3、ils below). WARNING: THIS IS A DRAFT AND MUST NOT BE REGARDED OR USED AS A BRITISH STANDARD. THIS DRAFT IS NOT CURRENT BEYOND 30 November 2007. This draft is issued to allow comments from interested parties; all comments will be given consideration prior to publication. No acknowledgement will norma
4、lly be sent. See overleaf for information on commenting. No copying is allowed, in any form, without prior written permission from BSI except as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patent Act 1988 or for circulation within a nominating organization for briefing purposes. Electronic circulatio
5、n is limited to dissemination by e-mail within such an organization by committee members. Further copies of this draft may be purchased from BSI Customer Services, Tel: +44(0) 20 8996 9001 or email ordersbsi-. British, International and foreign standards are also available from BSI Customer Services
6、. British Standards on CD or Online are available from British Standards Publishing Sales Limited. Tel: 01344 404409 or email bsonlinetechindex.co.uk. Information on the co-operating organizations represented on the committees referenced above may be obtained from the responsible committee secretary
7、. Cross-references The British Standards which implement International or European publications referred to in this draft may be found via the British Standards Online Service on the BSI web site http:/www.bsi-. Direct tel: 020 8996 7123 Responsible Committee Secretary: Mr B D J Williams (BSI) E-mai
8、l: bernard.williamsbsi- Draft for Public Comment Head Office 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL Telephone: +44(0)20 8996 9000 Fax: +44(0)20 8996 7001 Form 36 Version 7.0 DPC: 07/30156919 DC b Introduction This draft standard is based on European discussions in which the UK has taken an active part
9、. Your comments on this draft are welcome and will assist in the preparation of the consequent British Standard. If no comments are received to the contrary, then the UK will approve this draft and implement it as a British Standard. Comment is particularly welcome on national, legislative or simila
10、r deviations that may be necessary. Even if this draft standard is not approved by the UK, if it receives the necessary support in Europe, the UK will be obliged to publish the official English Language text unchanged as a British Standard and to withdraw any conflicting standard. UK Vote Please ind
11、icate whether you consider the UK should submit a negative (with reasons) or positive vote on this draft. Submission The guidance given below is intended to ensure that all comments receive efficient and appropriate attention by the responsible BSI committee. Annotated drafts are not acceptable and
12、will be rejected. All comments must be submitted, preferably electronically, to the Responsible Committee Secretary at the address given on the front cover. Comments should be compatible with Version 6.0 or Version 97 of Microsoft Word for Windows, if possible; otherwise comments in ASCII text forma
13、t are acceptable. Any comments not submitted electronically should still adhere to these format requirements. All comments submitted should be presented as given in the example below. Further information on submitting comments and how to obtain a blank electronic version of a comment form are availa
14、ble from the BSI web site at: http:/www.bsi- Template for comments and secretariat observations Date: xx/xx/200x Document: ISO/DIS xxxxx 1 2 (3) 4 5 (6) (7) MB Clause No./ Subclause No./ Annex (e.g. 3.1) Paragraph/ Figure/Table/ Note (e.g. Table 1) Type of com- ment Comment (justification for change
15、) by the MB Proposed change by the MB Secretariat observations on each comment submitted 3.1 Definition 1 ed Definition is ambiguous and needs clarifying. Amend to read . so that the mains connector to which no connection . 6.4 Paragraph 2 te The use of the UV photometer as an alternative cannot be
16、supported as serious problems have been encountered in its use in the UK. Delete reference to UV photometer. Microsoft and MS-DOS are registered trademarks, and Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM DRAFT prEN 14531-6 August 2007 ICS Engli
17、sh Version Railway applications - Methods for calculation of stopping and slowing distances and immobilisation braking - Part 6: High Speed Trains This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 256. If this draft becomes a
18、 European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (Eng
19、lish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgari
20、a, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Recipients of this draft are invit
21、ed to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation. Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and shall not be referr
22、ed to as a European Standard. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref.
23、No. prEN 14531-6:2007: E prEN 14531-6:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword. 5 Introduction 5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations. 6 3.1 Terms and definitions. 6 3.2 Symbols and indices 8 4 General algorithms . 10 4.1 General algorithm to calculate stopping and
24、slowing distances 10 4.2 General algorithm to calculate immobilization brake . 10 5 Stopping and slowing distances calculation. 10 5.1 Accuracy of input values 10 5.2 General characteristics 10 5.2.1 Train formation 10 5.2.2 Vehicle and train characteristics. 11 5.3 Brake equipment characteristics 1
25、2 5.3.1 General. 12 5.3.2 Friction brake equipment forces . 13 5.3.3 Characteristics of the other brake equipment types. 17 5.3.4 Time characteristics of each brake equipment type. 20 5.3.5 Blending rules . 22 5.4 Initial and operating characteristics . 23 5.4.1 Mean gradient of the track . 23 5.4.2
26、 Initial speed . 24 5.4.3 Available coefficient of adhesion 24 5.4.4 Level of the brake demand. 25 5.4.5 Quantity of each brake equipment type available . 25 5.5 Sharing, proportioning of the brake forces - achieved forces. 25 5.6 Braking force per axle 25 5.7 Total braking force 25 5.7.1 External f
27、orce 25 5.7.2 Total retarding force. 25 5.8 Time step integration loop. 25 5.9 Other decelerations 26 5.9.1 Decelerations supplied by each braking force 26 5.9.2 Equivalent deceleration (ae). 27 5.10 Time 27 5.10.1 Slowing time (t) . 27 5.10.2 Stopping time (t) 27 5.10.3 Equivalent response time (te
28、). 27 5.11 Distance calculations . 28 5.11.1 General. 28 5.11.2 Slowing distance (s) . 28 5.11.3 Stopping distance (s) 28 5.11.4 Equivalent free run distance (s0). 28 5.12 Other calculations. 29 5.12.1 Total energy (Wtot). 29 5.12.2 Energy dissipated by each type of brake. 29 5.12.3 Energy per unit
29、friction area dissipated by each type of friction brake 30 prEN 14531-6:2007 (E) 3 5.12.4 Maximum power for each type of brake .30 5.12.5 Maximum specific power flux for each type of friction brake 30 5.12.6 Required adhesion rate for each type of axle ( req,a) . 31 6 Immobilization brake calculatio
30、n 31 6.1 General. 31 6.2 General characteristics 31 6.3 Characteristics of the immobilization brake equipment. 32 6.3.1 Coefficient of friction of the pads and blocks 32 6.3.2 Characteristics of a permanent magnetic track brake 32 6.3.3 Characteristics of other immobilization brakes. 32 6.4 Train an
31、d operating characteristics 32 6.5 Immobilization force provided by each equipment type. 33 6.5.1 Force of a disc brake unit 33 6.5.2 Force of a tread brake unit. 33 6.5.3 Force of a permanent magnetic track brake 33 6.5.4 Force of other immobilization brakes. 33 6.6 Immobilization force of the trai
32、n . 33 6.6.1 Immobilization force per axle 33 6.6.2 Immobilization force of the train . 33 6.7 External forces 34 6.7.1 Gradient . 34 6.7.2 Wind force on the train. 34 6.7.3 Train resistance. 35 6.8 Final results. 35 6.8.1 Immobilization safety factor 35 6.8.2 Coefficient of adhesion required by eac
33、h braked axle . 35 6.8.3 Maximum achievable gradient. 36 Annex A (informative) Workflow of kinetic and static calculations. 37 Annex B (informative) Example of time step integration loop. 40 Annex C (informative) Example of distance and other dynamic calculations . 41 C.1 Example fix data for a high
34、 speed train (normal load) 41 C.1.1 Mass, resistance and wheel data for a high speed train. 41 C.1.2 Data for brake equipment types 42 C.1.3 Characteristics and settings of the brake equipment. 42 C.2 Initial data for a braking calculation 43 C.2.1 Load condition 43 C.2.2 Wheel condition 43 C.2.3 In
35、itial and final speed 43 C.2.4 Gradient . 43 C.3 Braking force per equipment type and train resistance . 44 C.4 Total braking force per equipment type and train resistance 44 C.5 Kinetic and other results 45 C.5.1 Distances . 45 C.5.2 Duration . 45 C.5.3 Equivalent response time 45 C.5.4 Equivalent
36、deceleration 45 C.5.5 Deceleration. 45 C.5.6 Required adhesion 46 Annex D (informative) Example of immobilization calculations 47 D.1 Example fix data for a high speed train 47 D.1.1 Mass, resistance and wheel data for a high speed train. 47 D.1.2 Data for brake equipment types 48 D.1.3 Characterist
37、ics and settings of the brake equipment. 48 D.2 Initial data for an immobilization calculation. 48 D.2.1 Load condition 48 D.2.2 Wheel condition 48 D.2.3 Gradient . 48 prEN 14531-6:2007 (E) 4 D.2.4 Available adhesion 48 D.3 Immobilization force per equipment type. 49 D.4 Immobilization results 49 D.
38、4.1 General. 49 D.4.2 Immobilization safety factor 49 D.4.3 Demanded adhesion per axle 49 D.4.4 Maximum achievable gradient. 49 Bibliography . 50 prEN 14531-6:2007 (E) 5 Foreword This document (prEN 14531-6:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secreta
39、riat of which is held by DIN. This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). This Standard is one in a se
40、ries of six, under the generic title EN 14531, Railway applications Methods for calculation of stopping and slowing distances and immobilization braking. The other five are: Part 1: General algorithm; Part 2: Wagons (in preparation); Part 3: Mass transit/light rail vehicles (in preparation); Part 4:
41、 Single passenger coaches (in preparation); Part 5: Locomotives (in preparation). Introduction The objective of this European Standard is to enable the railway industries and operators to work with a common calculation method. It describes the adapted algorithms and calculations for the design of br
42、ake equipment for all types of high speed railway vehicles / trains. This standard includes worked examples of high speed EMU applications. prEN 14531-6:2007 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard describes a general algorithm which may be used in all types of high speed vehicle application as defined
43、 in Directive 96/48/EC - Interoperability of the trans-European high speed rail system Technical specification for interoperability (TSI). It enables the calculation of the various aspects of the performance: stopping or slowing distances, dissipated energy, force calculations and immobilization bra
44、king. NOTE This standard does not specify the performance requirements these requirements can be found in the standards specified in section 2. This standard enables the verification by calculation of the stopping, slowing and immobilization performance requirements for high speed trains operating o
45、n high speed infrastructure. It is not the aim of this document to describe the calculation requirements for non high speed train operations. Other calculation methods may be used at the discretion of the relevant railway authority or other bodies involved providing that the order of accuracy achiev
46、ed is in accordance with this European Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including an
47、y amendments) applies. EN 14478, Railway applications Braking Generic vocabulary. EN 14531-1, Braking Methods for calculation of stopping distances, slowing distances and immobilization braking Part 1: General algorithms. prEN 15328, Railway applications - Braking - Brake pads ISO 80000-3, Quantitie
48、s and units, Part 3 Space and time. ISO 80000-4, Quantities and units, Part 4 Mechanics. WI 00256190, Braking systems for High Speed Trains, Part 1 Requirements and Definitions. WI 00256237, Braking systems for High Speed Trains, Part 2 Test Methods. WI 00256239, Railway applications Disc brake lini
49、ngs and brake shoe inserts for rail vehicles Brake blocks 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the definitions given in EN 14478, EN 14531-1 and ISO 80000, Parts 3 and 4 and the following apply. 3.1.1 static mass per axle (1) mass, measured by weighing at the wheel-rail interface, of each axle in a stationary condition prEN 14531-6:2007 (E) 7 (2) static mass of the train divided by
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