AA-AIV-2001.pdf
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1、Copyright The Aluminum Association Inc. Provided by IHS under license with AA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 05:10:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Aluminum is . Strong and lightweight Repeatedly recyclable
2、for environmental sustainability Resistant to corrosion Good conductor of heat and electricity Tough and non-brittle, even in very low temperatures Easily worked and formed, can even be rolled to very thin foil Safe for use in contact with a wide range of foodstuffs Highly reflective of radiant heat
3、 Highly elastic (an advantage in structures under shock loads) Receptive to coatings Attractive in appearance Copyright The Aluminum Association Inc. Provided by IHS under license with AA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 05:10:13 MDTNo reproduction or n
4、etworking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright The Aluminum Association Inc. Provided by IHS under license with AA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 05:10:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- The Alum
5、inum Vision is intended to stimulate a wide variety of Rs . ,!-,.-E ability to be repeatedly recycled with no loss of quality and only 5% of the energy and emissions of original production. -zdz; - 1 3- 1 an increasingly ecology-minded public. I . for retaining this “banked energy and should be prom
6、oted vigorously Recycling, in essence, is tapping into a convenient “unrban mine99 of material that enables reuse while saving energy and reducing environmental impacts. 0 Recovery rates will increase with improved technologies. Advanced technologies capable of sorting cast from wrought aluminum and
7、 separating alloys will boost recovery of containers, automobiles, and building materials and will extend recovery operations to additional products. Imports of foreign scrap and primary aluminum may be needed. Given the limited availability of domestic scrap and the long product life cycles of alum
8、inum in construction and autos, North American producers may increase imports of foreign scrap and primary aluminum. 0 Copyright The Aluminum Association Inc. Provided by IHS under license with AA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 05:10:13 MDTNo reproduc
9、tion or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- The need for primary aluminum will endure. The domestic supply of recycled aluminum will be insufficient to satisfy the growing need for aluminum, requiring new primary production or increased imports. Changing dynamics in regional markets
10、are affecting primary production centers. Periods of volatility in electricity availability and cost could influence the geographic distribution of smelting operations. For the near to mid term, operations will continue to be attracted to locations that offer stable, affordable electricity, whether
11、it is provided by low-sulfur-cod, advanced hydropower, or alternative power-generating options. Technology advances could preserve primary production capacity. Global economic factors will make it highly unlikely that any new Hall-Heroult smelters will be built in the United States. Continued operat
12、ion of existing facilities will depend on the availability of reliable, competitively priced electricity and process optimization of existing reduction cells. Facility upgrades such as installation of advanced anodes and cathodes could play a key role in this optimization process. Revolutionary new
13、technologies could re-stimulate domestic production capacity in North America. MAN U FACTURI N G Technology-driven productivity gains will be a powerful source of growth. Application of new technologies to the manufacturing process will optimize processes as never before. Aiuminum products of the fu
14、ture will offer better quality, greater reliability, and a consistently higher level of engineering performance. Advances in casting and extrusion technologies will push aluminum ahead in automotive and other applications. Advanced casting and extrusion technologies have attracted the interest of th
15、e research community. Developments in these areas, such as wide-sheet casting technology, new or enhanced extrusion capabilities, and other innovations, will increase aluminum use in automotive applications. Producers will enter agreements with automakers and other customer industries to directly su
16、pply customized aluminum components. “Smart” fabrication systems wili integrate power, sensors, and controls. Such systems eventually will control the manufacturing process from beginning to end, continuously monitoring and adjusting process conditions and optimizing system efficiency. Technology in
17、novations will enable design and production of aluminum with special properties. Advances in manufacturing technologies will make it possible to build special capabilities into aluminum products, uniquely tailoring the material to meet specified needs. Examples include specific micro-structural text
18、ures in sheet products and unique profile cross-sections in extrusions. Copyright The Aluminum Association Inc. Provided by IHS under license with AA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 05:10:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license fr
19、om IHS -,-,- Nano-technology will create “super” materiais. Manufacturing of new materials at the molecular level will enable aluminum producers to create innovative, high- performance materials for highly specialized use in transportation, computers, energy, and communications. Nano-technology good
20、s and services will be first introduced to industries in which users place a premium on new or improved performance, such as the aerospace industry. S m a r t materiais wiii be in demand for high-performance applications. New materials for construction and other uses will be able to give warnings wh
21、en they detect excessive stress. For instance, materials in bridges or ofice buildings could change color before conditions become unsafe. Automobile parts could give a similar warning when approaching the point of breakdown. - ENERGY Periods of volatile electricity availability will challenge prima
22、ry aluminum producers. Over the longer term, however, electricity supply should remain relatively stable. Long-term industriai electricity prices wiii be reasonably stable. As shown in Figure 7, electricity prices for the industrial sector are expected to decline 0.6 percent nationwide over the peri
23、od 1999-2020, with some regional variation. They are projected to increase by 0.3 percent in the Northwest Power Pool and to fall by 0.5 percent in the East Central Area Reliability (ECAR) Council. On average, electricity prices will drop from 2001 until approximately 2008, hold steady until about 2
24、015, and begin rising through 2020. Electricity prices will be volatile during Figure 7 Electricity Price Projections for Industry . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . 1999 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 restructuring. Although restructuring is expected to lower long-term electricity prices, price volati
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