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1、Designation System for Aluminum Finishes The Incorporated Aluminum Association About The Aluminum Association The Aluminum Association, based in Washington, DC, with offices in Detroit, MI, represents U.S. and foreign-based primary producers of aluminum, aluminum recyclers and producers of fabricate
2、d products as well as suppliers to the industry. Member companies operate more than 200 plants in North America and many conduct business worldwide. Notice / Disclaimer The use of any information contained herein by any member or non-member of The Aluminum Association is entirely voluntary. The Alum
3、inum Association has used its best efforts in compiling the information contained in this book. While the Association believes that its compilation procedures are reliable, it does not warrant, either expressly or implied, the accuracy or completeness of this information. The Aluminum Association as
4、sumes no responsibility or liability for the use of the information herein. All Aluminum Association published standards, data, specifications and other technical materials are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed or withdrawn. Users are advised to contact The Aluminum Association to ascertain whether t
5、he information in this publication has been superseded in the interim between publication and proposed use. Ninth Edition, January 2003 The Aluminum Association Designation System for Aluminum Finishes Ninth Edition, January 2003 The many proprietary designations for aluminum finishes can confuse us
6、ers specifymg finishes. To remedy this, the Aluminum Association developed a designation system broad enough to cover all types of finishes currently used on aluminum products and meet future needs as new finishes are developed. These designations are simply a way to name a finish and do not constit
7、ute a performance specification. Care must be taken in using these designations as it is possible to create a designation for a finish that is inappropriate or cannot be produced. Almost a l l finishes used on aluminum may be subdivided into three major Categories: 1. Mechanical Finishes 2. Chemical
8、 Finishes 3. Coatings Coatings may be further subdivided into the following categories: Anodic Coatings Resinous and Other Organic Coatings Vitreous Coatings Electroplated and Other Metal Coatings Laminated Coatings In the Aluminum Association system, a letter designates mechanical and chemical fini
9、shes and each of the five classes of coatings. The various finishes in each class are designated by two-digit numbers. Specific finishes of the various types thus are designated by a letter followed by a two-digit number as shown in the tables. In the case of Protective and Decorative Anodic Coating
10、s (Table 3), three-digit numbers are used to further define them by minimum coating thickness and weight. Chemical conversion coatings are listed under “Chemical Finishes” (Table 2) because they are produced by chemical processes and frequently are used as pretreatments with other coatings. A single
11、 designation may be used alone for a simple finish, or two or more designations may be combined into a single composite designation to identify a sequence of operations covering all of the steps leading to a final complex finish. When designations for chemical coatings are used alone, it is understo
12、od that other processing steps normally used before these finishes are at the option of the processor. Where a finish requires two or more treatments of the same class, the class letter is repeated, each being followed by the appropriate two-digit number. The “Examples of Methods of Finishing” given
13、 in the tables are intended for illustrative purposes and not as specifications. Alternatives to the examples of methods of obtaining a final finish can be used provided that an equivalent finish is produced. Many equipment and process variations and limitations exist in the finishing industry that
14、may require modifications of example methods. Designations for specific coatings have been developed for only the first of the five classes listed above - the Anodic Coatings (Table 3). For the present, coatings of the other four classes may be tentatively designated by the respective letters assign
15、ed for them (Tables 4 to 7, inclusive). Detailed designations for these four categories may be developed and added to the system later. System Can Be Expanded If additional finishes require the use of all of the two- digit numbers available in a given group, the system may be expanded by adding a th
16、ird digit to the numbers. For example, under Mechanical Finishes - Directional Textured, if new entries are made requgng the use of all the numbers between M35 and M39, the system will be expanded by the use of three-digit numbers M301, M302, etc., as required. This will provide for 99 more designat
17、ions. While the need for designations beyond these is not foreseen at present, the system could be expanded still further by adding a fourth digit if necessary. 1 -,-,- Exam ples Example 3 - Architectural Class I Electrolytically Deposited Color Anodized The following examples show how the Aluminum
18、Associations Designation System for Aluminum Finishes is used. The letters AA identify the finish as an Aluminum Association designation. The publication of examples of finishing methods in the designation system by the Aluminum Association does not constitute authority to use the method nor does it
19、 imply endorsement of a particular method by the Aluminum Association. Example 1 - Smooth Specular Finish A smooth specular finish may be obtained by polishing aluminum with an aluminum oxide compound according to the following procedure: begin with grits coarser than 320; follow with 320 grit and a
20、 peripheral wheel speed of 30 m/s (6,000 ftfmin); complete polishing by buffing with tripoli based buffing compound at peripheral speeds of 36 to 41 m/s (7,000 to 8,000 ftfmin). The designation for this finish is: AA -M21 AA - Aluminum Association M21 - Mechanical finish - buffed, smooth specular (T
21、able 1) Example 2 - Architectural Class II Clear Anodized AA - M32C12A31 A A - M32 - c12 - A31 - Aluminum Association Mechanical finish - directional textured, medium satin (Table 1) Chemical finish - inhibited chemical cleaning (Table 2) Anodic Coating - architectural, class II, 10 to 18 pm (0.4 to
22、 0.7 mil) thick, clear (Table 3) AA - M12C22A44 AA - AluminumAssociation M12 - Mechanical Finish - Nonspecular as fabricated C22 - Chemical Finish - chemically etched medium A44 - Anodic Coating - architectural, class I (18 pm (Table 1) matte (Table 2) (0.7 mil) thickness and greater) electrolytical
23、ly deposited color (Table 3) Example 4 - Automotive Trim AA - MllC12C31A213 AA - Aluminum Association M11 - Mechanical Finish - as fabricated specular (Table 1) C12 - Chemical Finish - inhibited chemical cleaned (Table 2) C3 1 - Chemical Finish - highly specular chemical brightening (Table 2) A213 -
24、 Anodic Coating - protective and decorative, clear, minimum thickness 8 pm (0.3 mil) (Table 3) Example 5 - Chromium-Plating The finish for chromium-plated aluminum which is first given a smooth specular mechanical finish, then a nonetch chemical cleaning, followed by a thin anodic coating produced i
25、n phosphoric acid, and finally chrome plating is designated as follows: AA - M21C12AlXElX AA - Aluminum Association M21 - Mechanical Finish - smooth specular, produced by polishing with aluminum oxide compound followed by buffing with tripoli based compound (Table 1) (Table 2) (Table 3) procedure (T
26、able 6) C12 - Chemical Finish - inhibited chemical cleaned A1X - Anodic Coating - specify exact anodizing process E1X - Metal Coating - specify exact chrome-plating 2 Finish Designations All designations are preceded by the letters AA to identify them as Aluminum Association designations. Mechanical
27、 Finishes (M) As Fabricated MIO - MI1 - MI2 - MIX - Buffed M20 - M21 - M22 - M2X - Unspecified Specular as fabricated Nonspecular as fabricated Other (to be specified) Unspecified Smooth specular Specular Other (to be specified) Directional Textured M30 - Unspecified M31 - Fine satin M32 - Mediumsat
28、in M33 - Coarse satin M34 - Handrubbed M35 - Brushed M3X - Other (to be specified) Nondirectional Textured M40 - Unspecified M41 - Extra fine matte M42 - Finematte M43 - Mediummatte M44 - Coarsematte M45 - Fineshot blast M46 - Medium shot blast M47 - Coarse shot blast M4X - Other (to be specified) C
29、hemical Finishes (C) Includes cleaning treatments, chemical or electrochemical brightening, and chemical conversion coatings Nonetched Cleaned C10 - Unspecified CI1 - Degreased CI2 - Inhibited chemical cleaned CIX - Other (to be specified) Etched C20 - Unspecified C21 - Finematte C22 - Mediummatte C
30、23 - Coarsematte C2X - Other (to be specified) Brightened C30 - C31 - C32 - c3x - Unspecified Highly specular Diffuse bright Other (to be specified) Chemical Coatings C40 - Unspecified C41 - Acid chromate-fluoride C42 - Acid chromate-fluoride-phosphate C43 - ALkaiinechromate C44 - Non-chromate C45 -
31、 Non-rinsed chromate C4X - Other (to be specified) Coatings (A, R, V, E, L) Anodic Coatings (A) General A10 - Unspecified Al 1 - Preparation for other applied coatings A12 - Chromic acid anodic coatings Al 3 - Hard, wear and abrasion resistant coatings AIX - Other (to be specified) Protective and De
32、corative Coatings less than 10 pm (0.4 mil) thick A21 - Clear A22 - Integralcolor A23 - Impregnated color A24 - Electrolytically deposited color A2X - Other (to be specified) Architectural Class II Coatings 10 to i8 pm (0.4 to 0.7 mil) thick A31 - Clear A32 - Integralcolor A33 - Impregnated color A3
33、4 - Electrolytically deposited color A3X - Other (to be specified) Architecturai Class I Coatings 18 pm (0.7 mil) and thicker A41 - Clear A42 - Integral color A43 - Impregnated color A44 - Electrolytically deposited color A4X - Other (to be specified) Resinous and Other Organic Coatings (R) RI0 - Un
34、specified RIX - Other (to be specified) Vitmous Coatings omlain and CeramicQpes) (V) V10 - Unspecified VIX - Other (to be specified) Electroplated and Other Metal Coatings (E) E10 - Unspecified E1X - Other (to be specified) Laminated Coatings (L) (Includes veneers, plastic coatings and bonded films)
35、 L10 - Unspecified L1X - Other (to be specified) 3 -,-,- Table 1. Mechanical Finishes (M) Type of Desig- Description Examples of Methods of Finishing Finish nation M10 Unspecified M11 Specular as fabricated M12 Nonspecular as fabricated As Fabricated MIX Other To be sDecified M20 Unspecified M21 Smo
36、oth specular Buffed M22 Specular M2X Other Polished with grits coarser than 320. Final polishing with a 320 grit using peripheral wheel speed of 30 m/s (6,000 Wmin). Polishing followed by buffing, using tripoli based buffing compound and peripheral wheel speed of 36 to 41 m/s (7,000 to 8,000 Wmin) B
37、uffed with tripoli compound using peripheral wheel speed 36 to 41 m/s (7,000 to 8,000 Wmin) To be sDecified M30 Unspecified M31 Fine satin M32 Medium satin M33 Coarse satin M34 Hand rubbed M35 Brushed Directional Textured M3X Other Wheel or belt polished with aluminum oxide grit of 320 to 400 size;
38、peripheral wheel speed 30 m/s (6,000 Wmin) Wheel or belt polished with aluminurn oxide grit of 180 to 220 size; peripheral wheel speed 30 m/s (6,000 Wmin) Wheel or belt polished with aluminum oxide grit of 80 to 100 size; peripheral wheel speed 30 m/s (6,000 Wmin) Hand rubbed with stainless steel wo
39、ol lubricated with neutral soap solution. Final rubbing with No. O0 steel wool. Brushed with rotary stainless steel wire brush, wire diameter 0.24 mm (0.0095 in.); peripheral wheel speed 30 d s (6,000 Wmin); or various proprietary satin finishing wheels or satin finishing compounds with buffs To be
40、specified M40 Unspecified M41 Extra fine matte Air blasted with finer than 200 mesh washed silica sand or aluminum oxide. Air pressure 310 kPa (45 psi); gun distance 200 to 300 mm (8 to 12 in.) from work at 90“ angle. M42 Finematte M43 Medium matte Non-directional M44 Coarse matte Textured M45 Fine
41、shot blast M46 Medium shot blast Air blasted with 100 to 200 mesh silica sand if darkening is not a concern; otherwise aluminum oxide type abrasive. Air pressure 210 to 620 kPa (30 to 90 psi) depending on material thickness; gun distance 300 mm (12 in.) from work at angle of 60“ to 90“. Air blasted
42、with 40 to 50 mesh silica sand if darkening is not a concern; otherwise aluminum oxide type abrasive. Air pressure 210 to 620 kPa (30 to 90 psi) depending on material thickness; gun distance 300 mm (12 in.) from work at angle of 60“ to 90“. Air blasted with 16 to 20 mesh silica sand if darkening is
43、not a concern; otherwise aluminum oxide type abrasive. Air pressure 210 to 620 kPa (30 to 90 psi) depending on material thickness; gun distance 300 mm (12 in.) from work at angle of 60“ to 90“. Shot blasted with cast steel shot of ASTM size 70 to 170 applied by air blast or centrifugal force. To som
44、e degree, selection of shot size is dependent on material thickness since warping can occur. Shot blasted with cast steel shot of ASTM size 230 to 550 applied by air blast or centrifugal force. To some degree, selection of shot size is dependent on material thickness since warping can occur. M47 Coa
45、rse shot blast Shot blasted with cast steel shot of ASTM size 660 to 1320 applied by air blast or centrifugal force. To some degree, selection of shot size is dependent on material thickness since warping can occur. M4X Other To be specified 4 -,-,- Table 2. Chemical Finishes (C) Description Example
46、s of Methods of Finishing Type of Desig- Finish nation c1 o Unspecified c12 Inhibited chemical cleaned Inhibited chemical type cleaner used c1 x Other To be sDecified Nonetched c11 Degreased Organic solvent treated Cleaned Etched c20 Unspecified c21 Fine matte c22 Medium matte C23 Coarse matte c2x O
47、ther To be specified C30 Unspecified C31 Highly specular C32 Diffuse bright c3x Other To be specified c40 Unspecified Trisodium phosphate, 22 to 45 g A (3 to 6 odgal) used at 60 to 71C (140 to 160F ) for 3 to 5 min Sodium hydroxide, 30 to 45 g A (4 to 6 odgal) used at 49 to 66C (120 to 150F) for 5 t
48、o 10 min Sodium fluoride, 11 g/l (1.5 odgai), plus sodium hydroxide, 30 to 45 g/l (4 to 6 ozigai) used at 54 to 66C (1 30 to 150F ) for 5 to 1 O min Chemical bright dip solution of proprietary phosphoric-nitric acid type used, or proprietary electrobnghtening or electropolishing treatment Etched fin
49、ish C22 followed by brightened finish C31 Brightened Chemical Coatings C41 c42 c43 Alkaline chromate c44 Non-chromate Proprietary chemical treatment employing no chromates c45 Non-rinsed chromate Acid chromate-fluoride Proprietary chemical treatments producing clear to typically yellow colored surfaces Acid chromate-fluoride- Proprietary chemical treatments producing clear to typically green colored phosphate surfaces Proprietary chemical treatments prod
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