ABS-117-2003.pdf
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1、 GUIDE FOR RISK EVALUATIONS FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF MARINE-RELATED FACILITIES JUNE 2003 American Bureau of Shipping Incorporated by Act of Legislature of the State of New York 1862 Copyright 2003 American Bureau of Shipping ABS Plaza 16855 Northchase Drive Houston, TX 77060 USA Copyright American
2、Bureau of Shipping Provided by IHS under license with ABS Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/07/2008 20:47:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright American Bureau of Shipping Provided by IHS under license with ABS Licensee=Boeing Co/591077
3、0001 Not for Resale, 08/07/2008 20:47:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ABS GUIDE FOR RISK EVALUATIONS FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF MARINE-RELATED FACILITIES . 2003 iii Foreword The mission of the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) is to serve the public intere
4、st, as well as the needs of its clients, by promoting the security of life, property, and the natural environment primarily through the development and verification of standards for the design, construction and operational maintenance of marine-related facilities. The Rules on which classification i
5、s predicated are established from principles of naval architecture, marine engineering and other engineering principles that have proven satisfactory by service experience and systematic analysis. The perceived benefits of the deterministic and prescriptive regulatory requirements were based mostly
6、on experience, testing programs and expert judgment. The objective of these Rules has always been to ensure that the probabilities of accidents with the potential for adversely affecting life, property and the natural environment are low. However, this assurance was not explicit, as Rules and regula
7、tions until recently were developed without the benefit of explicit estimates of risk. In recent years, there have been significant advances in and experience with risk assessment methodology. ABS is continually seeking the improvement of its Rules and methods of analysis and exploring the direction
8、s where the industry is headed. Thus, ABS is exploring certain changes to the development and implementation of its Rules and regulations through the use of risk-based, and ultimately performance-based, approaches. The rewards for this potential process are improved classification services and, ulti
9、mately and foremost, improved safety and productivity. The transition to a risk-based regulatory framework is expected to be incremental. Many of the present requirements are based on deterministic and prescriptive requirements that cannot be quickly replaced. Therefore, the current requirements wil
10、l have to be maintained, while risk-based and/or performance-based approaches are being developed and implemented. The information and process outlined in this Guide provides a risk-based perspective to evaluating proposed designs that offer alternative means of compliance to current prescriptive re
11、quirements, or novel designs for which classification requirements do not exist. This perspective offers many advantages to ship owners/designers and ABS. Some of these advantages are: i) Increased ability to suggest innovative designs that are technically superior and more cost- effective. ii) Incr
12、eased confidence that the proposed designs will provide the same level of safety. iii) Better understanding of hazards, mitigation measures, and risk posed by the proposed design. The process defined in this Guide provides a sound and practical approach for performing risk- evaluations to support th
13、e classification of proposed designs, so that the advantages listed above can be realized. This document provides guidance on how to prepare a risk-based submittal to demonstrate that a proposed design meets the overall safety and strength standards of the Rules. It defines a process that the client
14、 can implement to prepare and submit documentation for consideration by ABS. It also outlines the approach that ABS will take in reviewing the submittal to determine if the proposed design is acceptable for classification. Additional guidance will be published on the application of risk-based approa
15、ches to classification activities, such as the ABS Guidance Notes on Review and Approval of Novel Concepts, the ABS Guide for Surveys Using Risk Based Inspection Techniques, and the ABS Guide for Surveys Based on Reliability Centered-Maintenance. Copyright American Bureau of Shipping Provided by IHS
16、 under license with ABS Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/07/2008 20:47:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright American Bureau of Shipping Provided by IHS under license with ABS Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/07/2008 20
17、:47:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ABS GUIDE FOR RISK EVALUATIONS FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF MARINE-RELATED FACILITIES . 2003 v GUIDE FOR RISK EVALUATIONS FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF MARINE-RELATED FACILITIES CONTENTS SECTION 1 General1 1 Objective1 2 Appli
18、cation .1 3 Definitions 1 SECTION 2 Concept of Equivalency 3 1 General 3 2 Evaluation Metrics3 3 Evaluation of Alternative Arrangements 4 4 Evaluation of Novel Features.4 5 Acceptance Criteria5 SECTION 3 Risk Evaluation Process .7 1 General 7 FIGURE 1 Risk Evaluation Process8 SECTION 4 Evaluation Ob
19、jectives9 1 General 9 2 Selection of Evaluation Metrics9 3 Comparative versus Absolute Assessment.10 3.1 Comparative Risk Assessment .10 3.2 Absolute Risk Assessment10 SECTION 5 Basic Risk Assessment.11 1 General 11 2 Development of Basic Risk Assessment Plan.12 2.1 Selection of Risk Assessment Tech
20、nique .12 2.2 Establishment of Acceptance Criteria .13 2.3 Scope of the Risk Assessment13 Copyright American Bureau of Shipping Provided by IHS under license with ABS Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/07/2008 20:47:36 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
21、 -,-,- vi ABS GUIDE FOR RISK EVALUATIONS FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF MARINE-RELATED FACILITIES . 2003 3 Performance of the Basic Risk Assessment14 3.1 Identifying the Risk Analysis Team14 3.2 Preparing for the Risk Assessment .14 3.3 Hazard Analysis 14 3.4 Estimation of the Evaluation Metrics .15 3.5
22、Comparative Assessments and the Change Analysis Method 15 4 Evaluation of Results of the Basic Risk Assessment 16 4.1 Evaluation of Comparative Risk Assessment16 4.2 Evaluation of Absolute Risk Assessment 16 4.3 Confidence of the Results .16 5 Documentation of Basic Risk Assessment17 6 Use of an Exi
23、sting Risk Model.17 6.1 General17 6.2 Appropriateness of Model17 6.3 Risk Impact18 FIGURE 1 Risk Matrix Concept.13 SECTION 6 Detailed Risk Assessment19 1 General 19 2 Development of Detailed Risk Assessment Plan 20 2.1 Selection of a Risk Assessment Technique.20 2.2 Establishment of the Acceptance C
24、riteria21 2.3 Scoping of the Risk Assessment.22 3 Performance of the Detailed Risk Assessment .22 4 Evaluation of Results of the Detailed Risk Assessment22 5 Documentation of the Detailed Risk Assessment22 SECTION 7 Submittals to ABS23 1 General 23 2 Prior to Conducting Risk Assessments23 2.1 Risk A
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