ABS-136-2005.pdf
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1、GUIDANCE NOTES ON ICE CLASS MARCH 2005 American Bureau of Shipping Incorporated by Act of Legislature of the State of New York 1862 Copyright 2005 American Bureau of Shipping ABS Plaza 16855 Northchase Drive Houston, TX 77060 USA Copyright American Bureau of Shipping Provided by IHS under license wi
2、th ABS Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/07/2008 19:38:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- This Page Intentionally Left Blank Copyright American Bureau of Shipping Provided by IHS under license with ABS Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Res
3、ale, 08/07/2008 19:38:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Foreword The purpose of these Guidance Notes is to provide ship designers with clear guidance on alternative design procedures for hull side structures, on alternative methods for determination of powe
4、r requirements, and on procedures for propeller strength assessment based on the Finite Element Method for Baltic Ice Class Vessels. Chapter 1 provides a procedure on ice strengthening designs using direct calculation approaches. Chapter 2 provides a procedure for the calculation of power requiremen
5、t for ice class vessels. Chapter 3 provides a procedure for the strength analysis of propellers for ice class vessels. This document is referred to herein as “these Guidance Notes” and its issue date is 31 March 2005. Users of these Guidance Notes are encouraged to contact ABS with any questions or
6、comments concerning these Guidance Notes. Users are advised to check with ABS to ensure that this version of these Guidance Notes is current. These Guidance Notes supersede the 2004 ABS Guidance Notes on Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Side Structures Subject to Ice Loads. ABS GUIDANCE NOTES ON
7、 ICE CLASS 2005i Copyright American Bureau of Shipping Provided by IHS under license with ABS Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/07/2008 19:38:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- This Page Intentionally Left Blank Copyright American Bureau of Sh
8、ipping Provided by IHS under license with ABS Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/07/2008 19:38:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- GUIDANCE NOTES ON ICE CLASS CONTENTS CHAPTER 1Ice Strengthening Using Direct Calculation Approaches . . . . . . .
9、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Section 1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Section 2Procedure for Ice Strengthening Side Structures Using Nonlinear FEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Section 3References . . . .
10、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Appendix 1Nonlinear FE Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Appendix 2Example of Nonlinear FEM Applications . . . . . . .21 Appendix 3The Finnish Maritime Administration (FMA) “Tentative Note for Application of Direct Calculation
11、 Methods for Longitudinally Framed Hull Structure”, 30 June 2003 . . . . . . . . .29 CHAPTER 2Power Requirement for Ice Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 Section 1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Section 2Alternative Methods to Calculate KC . . .
12、 . . . . . .37 Section 3Alternative Methods to Determine Rch(Resistance in Brash Ice) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 Section 4References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 Appendix 1Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13、 . . . .47 CHAPTER 3Propeller Strength Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 Section 1General Design Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 Section 2Ice Load Determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 Section 3Blade Stress Analysis Procedure . . . . . . . .
14、 . . . . .61 Section 4Summary of Propeller Strength Assessment Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67 Section 5References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69 Appendix 1Illustrative Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71 AB
15、S GUIDANCE NOTES ON ICE CLASS 2005iii Copyright American Bureau of Shipping Provided by IHS under license with ABS Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/07/2008 19:38:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- This Page Intentionally Left Blank Copyright
16、American Bureau of Shipping Provided by IHS under license with ABS Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/07/2008 19:38:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- C H A P T E R1Ice Strengthening Using Direct Calculation Approaches CONTENTS SECTION 1Introdu
17、ction.5 1Background .5 2Purpose .5 3Applications .6 4Key Components of these Guidance Notes6 5Contents of this Chapter6 SECTION 2Procedure for Ice Strengthening Side Structures Using Nonlinear FEM 7 1Design of Side Structures7 2Step 1: FSICR Design.7 3Step 2: FMA Interim Design 8 4Step 3: Alternativ
18、e Design for Side Longitudinals.8 4.1FEM Modeling8 4.2Ice Load on Side Longitudinals .8 4.3Acceptance Criteria8 5Step 4: Alternative Design of Side Shell9 5.1 FEM Modeling9 5.2Ice Load on Side Shell.9 5.3Acceptance Criteria9 5.4Abrasion/Corrosion 9 TABLE 1Steps in Ice Strengthening of Side Structure
19、s7 SECTION 3References 11 APPENDIX 1 Nonlinear FE Model13 1Structural Idealization13 1.1Introduction 13 1.2Extent of Structural Modeling.13 1.3FEM Elements .13 1.4Mesh Size14 2Material Model.15 ABS GUIDANCE NOTES ON ICE CLASS 20051 Copyright American Bureau of Shipping Provided by IHS under license
20、with ABS Licensee=Boeing Co/5910770001 Not for Resale, 08/07/2008 19:38:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 3Boundary Conditions.15 4Line Load on Side Longitudinals.16 5Patch Load on Side Shell Plate.17 6FEM Solution.18 6.1Incremental Solution18 6.2Convergenc
21、e18 7Nonlinear FEM Theory and Software18 7.1Material Nonlinearity18 7.2Geometrical Nonlinearity19 7.3Incremental Solutions 19 7.4Convergence Criteria.19 7.5Commercial FEM package.19 TABLE 1Boundary Conditions for FE Model 16 FIGURE 1FE Model Extent (Inner Skin Removed for Clarity) 14 FIGURE 2Mesh of
22、 Side Longitudinal and Bracket at Connection to Web Frame .15 FIGURE 3Boundary Conditions for FE Model 16 FIGURE 4Ice Load as Line Load on Side Longitudinal17 FIGURE 5Ice Patch Load Applied on Side Shell Plate.17 APPENDIX 2 Example of Nonlinear FEM Applications .21 1Problem Definition.21 2FEM Modeli
23、ng .21 3Ice Load.23 4Analysis Results 23 5Alternative Design .25 6Example of Alternative Side Shell Design.26 FIGURE 1FE Model22 FIGURE 2Load Path (Loading and Unloading Phases) .23 FIGURE 3Von Mises Stress Contour24 FIGURE 4Pressure vs. Deflection (Loading and Unloading Phases).25 FIGURE 5Pressure
24、vs. Deflection of Different Designs25 FIGURE 6Deformed Side Structure View from Outside 26 FIGURE 7Deformed Side Structure View from Inside.26 FIGURE 8Pressure vs. Deflection of Side Shell Plate27 ABS GUIDANCE NOTES ON ICE CLASS 20052 Copyright American Bureau of Shipping Provided by IHS under licen
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