AGMA-91FTM13-1991.pdf
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1、91 FTM 13 w Separationof Lubricationand Coolingin Oil-JetLubricatedGears by: J. Greiner, CincinnatiGear and K. Langenbeck,University of Stuttgart ,! ii i AmericanGearManufacturersAssociation TECHNICALPAPER Copyright American Gear Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with AGMA Lice
2、nsee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 11:08:27 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- A Separation of Lubrication and Cooling in Oil-Jet LubricatedGears J. Greiner, Cincinnati Gear and K. Langenbeck,Universityof Stuttgart TheSt
3、atementsandopinionscontainedhereinarethoseoftheauthorandshouldnotbeconstruedasanofficial actionor opinionof the American GearManufacturers Association. ABSTRACT: Results_om the tests on a high-speed back-to-back stand(vt= 70 m/see = 13725 ft/min) show the influence ofthe separationoflubrication and
4、coolingoil supplyon the geartemperatures (scuffingloadcapacity) and efficiency. The gear mesh is only given a minimum oil flow rate necessaryfor lubrication of the working tooth flanks. Cooling is providedby spraying oilonto theinner surfacesoftherims. This leads to areductionofthe totaloil flow rat
5、e of up to 60% compared to the currently recommendedflow rates. In spite of the reduced total oil flow rate the temperature level of the gears can be keptlow and the efficiency slightlyincreases due to reducedhydraulic losses in the gear mesh.-.-. Copyright 1991 AmericanGear ManufacturersAssociation
6、 1500 King Street, Suite 201 Alexandria,Virgini_22314 October,1991 ISBN:1-55589-610-3 Copyright American Gear Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with AGMA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 11:08:27 MDTNo reproduction or networking pe
7、rmitted without license from IHS -,-,- w l Separationof LubricationandCooling in Oil-Jet LubricatedGears J.Greiner CincinnatiGearCompany K.Langenbeck UniversityofStuttgart,Germany 1IntroductionOiljetlubricationisusuallyusedforgears withpitchlinevelocitiesof v_ 30 m/sec(= 6000 Theoreticalanalysesande
8、xperimentaltests/2,3/.ft/mzn).TheollJetlubrlcat_onvariantscommonin withoil-jetlubricatedgearshaveshownthattheresearchandindustrybasicallyvaryin positionof actualdeliveredoilflowrateisconsiderablythenozzlesandtheirspraydirectionintothegear higherthannecessarytomaintainaloadcarrying,mesh.Asshownin Fig
9、.1theycanbeclassifiedas elasto-hydrodynamicoilfilm.Excessiveoilflowfollows: ratescausea reductioninefficiency,especiallyin Ahigh-speedgearswitha pitchlinevelocityofv t =VariantA:Oil-jetis directedtowardsthepitch 200m/sec(=40000ft/min)theload-independentpointperpendiculartothecenterline. losses(“hydr
10、auliclosses“duetolubricant,seeVariantB:Oil-jetis directedtowardsthegear /14/riseconsiderably.Toolowoilflowratesoncenter. theotherhandcauseanunacceptabletemperatureVariantC:Oil-jetis directedtowardsthegear riseoftheworkingtoothflanks,sincethefric-meshrespectivelytowardsthefacepa- tionalheatproducedin
11、thegearmeshisinsuf-rallelto theaxisofthegears. ficientlycarriedawaybytheoil.VariantD:Centrifugallubrication; TheconsiderationsofreducingtheoilflowrateFling-offcooling. and keepingconstantgearmeshtemperaturesleadto aseparationoftheoilsupplyintoalubricatingForgearsfor industrialusagebasicallyvariants
12、andacoolingoilsupply.Indoingso,themeshisA1,A2,AI+A2as wellasBI, B2,BI+B2areused.In onlygivenaminimumoilflowratenecessaryforliterature/5/ yougenerallyfindthestatementthat lubricationoftheworkingtoothflanks.Thegearsastothelubrication“Sprayingintotheengaging arecooledoutsidethemeshareabyoilthatismesh“(
13、AI,EI)andas tocooling“Sprayingintothe sprayedontotheinnersurfacesofthegearrimsondisengagingmesh“(A2,E2)shouldbepreferred. bothsidesofthegears.However,severalexperimentalinvestigationswith Thegoalsoftheinvestigationsin/i/consistedpitchlinevelocitiesupto vt =I00 m/sec(= 20000 ofdeterminingtheinfluence
14、softheseparationofft/min)haveshown,thatthegearbulktemperatures lubricatingandcoolingoilsupplyonthe pinionandareconsiderablyhigher(lowerscuffingloadcapa- wheeltemperatures,onthepowerlosses,andon thecity)whensprayingintothedisengagingmesh.On wearofa single-stagehelicalgearsetas a functiontheotherhandt
15、emperaturemeasurementsatveloci- ofloadandpitchlinevelocity.ItwastobeshowntiesintherangeofI00to200m/sec(= 20000to howandtowhatextentthetotaloilsupplycanbe40000ft/min)supportthestatementthatA2is with reduced,regardtocoolingmoreappropriatethanA1. AtpitchlinevelocitiesofmorethanI00m/sec (=20000ft/min)fr
16、equentlybothvariantsare 2Backgroundcombined(AI+A2,BI+B2).Theoilflowsprayedinto theengagingmeshhasto be keptas lowas possible Anoverviewoftheactualsituationconcerningbecauseof hydrauliclosses,so thatonlythelubri- “Separationoflubricatingandcoolingoilsupplyofcationis guaranteed,whilemuchmoreoilis spra
17、yed highdutygears“isgivenbyaliteratureresearchintothedisengagingmeshforcooling.It isatom- /4/aswellastheexplanationsin/I/.Itwasmonfearthatatthesevelocitiestheoilsprayed provedthatuptonow noexperimentalinvestigationsintothedisengagingmeshwillbeimmediately havebeendoneastothissubjectandthattherejected
18、bytheapproachingtoothflanks.Theoil theoreticalknowledge,too,isinsufficient,filmthicknessonthetoothflankswillbereduced duetotheextremelyhighcentrifugalforcestill thenexttoothengagementoccurs,whichcanleadto insufficientlubricationconditions.It is ageneral opinionthatthecoolingeffectis muchbetterwhen P
19、rof.or.-I_. K. La_enbeck is Head of the “Institut f_r Nasch_nen-oilissprayedintothedisengagingmesh,because k_strukti_ und 6etriebehau“ at the University _Stuttgart, Germny.thereis a highertemperaturedifferencebetweenthe Dr.-l_. J. Greinerwas Sci_tificEmployeeatthis Istitute a_is“hot“flankscomingouto
20、f the meshand theoilthat pres_tly _rki_as StaffEngi_er at the Cincinnati Gear Company,issprayedin. Cincinnati,_io. 1 Copyright American Gear Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with AGMA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 11:08:27 MDTN
21、o reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Theextremelyfastrunningbutrelativelylow AiBoi _Cclloadedflanksinaviationgearscan(accordingto C_/9/)evenbeoperatedwithout“direct“lubrication- ofthegearmesh,becausetheoilmistcausedbythe I_i_horizontalsprayingofoilonwebandrimissuffi-
22、_ cientforlubrication.This,howeverhastobeque- stionedforverywidegears. c2Withaseparatecoolingoilsupplythequestion _oftheminimumlubricatingoilflownecessaryforan operationallubricationbecomesveryimportant.In _i_industrythedeterminationofthelubricatingoil flowrateisdonebytakingintoconsiderationthe /exp
23、ectedpowerlossesandtheheatbalanceofthe gearbox/8,9,12/,thefacewidth/8,10,11/andthe EHD-Theory/2,13/.Tobeabletocomparethedif- ferentrecommendationsastotheamountofthe A_C,1.c2B*CB_-c_CI_C2lubricatingoilflowrate,theoperatingconditions _ i_c_ofasingle-helicalgearsetweresetupinTable1. cTable2showsthecalc
24、ulatedresults. -Thereco-_endati_ardingtheheatbalanceof thegearboxshowconsiderablyhigheroilflow rates.Thisismainlyduetotheverysmallper- mittedtemperaturedifferencebetweenoilinletand _W_=_i _oiloutlet.Adoublingoftheallowedtemperature _Idifferencewouldcauseahalvingoftheoilflow /_rateandthuslesshydrauli
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