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1、Reported by Joint ACI / TMS Committee 216 Code Requirements for Determining Fire Resistance of Concrete and Masonry Construction Assemblies An ACI / TMS Standard ACI 216.1-07 / TMS-0216-07 ISBN 978-0-87031-236-6 First Printing June 2007 The technical committees responsible for ACI standards and comm
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13、 the cosponsors information is on the inside back cover of this document. American Concrete Institute 38800 Country Club Dr Farmington Hills MI 48331 U.S.A. Phone: (248) 848-3700 Fax: (248) 848-3701 www.concrete.org American Concrete Institute Advancing concrete knowledge ACI 216.1-07 supersedes ACI
14、 216.1-97, was adopted March 6, 2007, and published May 2007. Copyright 2007, American Concrete Institute. All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by any means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronic or mechanical device, printed, wr
15、itten, or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproduction or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in writing is obtained from the copyright proprietors. 216.1-1 Code Requirements for Determining Fire Resistance of Concrete and Masonry Construction Assemblies
16、An ACI/TMS Standard Reported by Joint ACI-TMS Committee 216 ACI 216.1-07 TMS-216-07 FOREWORD Fire resistance of building elements is an important consideration in building design. While structural design considerations for concrete and masonry at ambient temperature conditions are addressed by ACI 3
17、18 and ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402, respectively, these codes do not consider the impact of fire on concrete and masonry construction. This standard contains design and analytical procedures for determining the fire resistance of concrete and masonry members and building assemblies. Where differences occ
18、ur in specific design requirements between this standard and the aforementioned codes, as in the case of cover protection of steel reinforcement, the more stringent of the requirements shall apply. Keywords: beams (supports); columns (supports); compressive strength; concrete slabs, fire endurance;
19、fire ratings; fire resistance; fire tests; masonry walls; modulus of elasticity; prestressed concrete; prestressing steels; reinforced concrete; reinforcing steel; structural design; temperature distribution; thermal properties; walls. CONTENTS Chapter 1General, p. 216.1-2 1.1Scope 1.2Alternative me
20、thods 1.3Definitions 1.4Notation 1.5Fire resistance determinations Chapter 2Concrete, p. 216.1-4 2.1General 2.2Concrete walls, floors, and roofs 2.3Concrete cover protection of steel reinforcement 2.4Analytical methods for calculating structural fire resistance and cover protection of concrete flexu
21、ral members 2.5Reinforced concrete columns 2.6Structural steel columns protected by concrete Chapter 3Concrete masonry, p. 216.1-17 3.1General 3.2Equivalent thickness 3.3Concrete masonry wall assemblies 3.4Reinforced concrete masonry columns 3.5Concrete masonry lintels 3.6Structural steel columns pr
22、otected by concrete masonry Chapter 4Clay brick and tile masonry, p. 216.1-20 4.1General 4.2Equivalent thickness 4.3Clay brick and tile masonry wall assemblies 4.4Reinforced clay masonry columns 4.5Reinforced clay masonry lintels 4.6Expansion or contraction joints 4.7Structural steel columns protect
23、ed by clay masonry Gene C. Abbate*Jeffrey H. GreenwaldPhillip J. IversonJohn P. Ries Charles B. Clark, Jr.Thomas F. HerrellTung D. LinThomas J. Rowe Donald O. DusenberryThomas A. HolmRichard J. McGrathJay G. Sanjayan William L. GambleJames P. HurstJohn D. PerryJeffery F. Speck Richard G. Gewain*Robe
24、rt IdingStephen PessikiRobert E. Van Laningham Dennis W. GraberJoel R. IrvineWalter J. Prebis *Deceased. Long T. Phan Chair Venkatesh K. R. Kodur Secretary 216.1-2ACI/TMS STANDARD Chapter 5Effects of finish materials on fire resistance, p. 216.1-21 5.1General 5.2Calculation procedure 5.3Installation
25、 of finishes Chapter 6References, p. 216.1-22 6.1Referenced standards APPENDIXES Appendix A Minimum cover for steel columns encased in concrete, p. 216.1-24 Appendix BFire resistance of concrete- masonry-protected steel columns, p. 216.1-26 Appendix CFire resistance of clay-masonry- protected steel
26、columns, p. 216.1-28 CHAPTER 1GENERAL 1.1Scope This standard describes acceptable methods for determining the fire resistance of concrete building and masonry building assemblies and structural elements, including walls, floor and roof slabs, beams, columns, lintels, and masonry fire protection for
27、structural steel columns. These methods shall be used for design and analysis purposes and shall be based on the fire exposure and applicable end-point criteria of ASTM E 119. This standard does not apply to composite metal deck floor or roof assemblies. The primary intended use of this document is
28、for determining the design requirements for concrete and masonry elements to resist fire and provide fire protection. Tolerance compliance to the provisions for concrete shall be based on information provided in ACI 117. Consideration for compliance to the provisions for masonry shall be based on th
29、e information provided in ACI 530.1/ASCE 6/TMS 602. 1.2Alternative methods Methods other than those presented in this standard shall be permitted for use in assessing the fire resistance of concrete and masonry building assemblies and structural elements if the methods are based on the fire exposure
30、 and applicable end-point criteria specified in ASTM E 119. Computer models, when used, shall be validated and supported by published material to substantiate their accuracy. 1.3Definitions The following definitions apply for this standard: approvedapproved by the building official responsible for e
31、nforcing the legally adopted building code of which this standard is a part, or approved by some other authority having jurisdiction. bar, high-strength alloy steelsteel bars conforming to the requirements of ASTM A 722/A 722M. barrier elementa building member that performs as a barrier to the sprea
32、d of fire (for example, walls, floors, and roofs). beama structural member subjected primarily to flexure, but also to axial loads. blanket, ceramic fibermineral wool insulating material made of alumina-silica fibers and having a density of 4 to 8 lb/ft3. board, mineralmineral fiber insulation board
33、 complying with ASTM C 726. building codea legal document that establishes the minimum requirements necessary for building design and construction to provide for public health and safety. concrete, carbonate aggregateconcrete made with coarse aggregate consisting mainly of calcium carbonate or a com
34、bination of calcium and magnesium carbonate (for example, limestone or dolomite). concrete, cellulara low-density product consisting of portland-cement, cement-silica, cement-pozzolan, lime- pozzolan, lime silica pastes, or pastes containing a blend of these ingredients and having a homogeneous void
35、 or cell structure, attained with gas-forming chemicals or foaming agents. (For cellular concretes containing binder ingredients other than, or in addition to, portland cement, autoclave curing is usually employed.) concrete, lightweight-aggregateconcrete made with aggregates conforming to ASTM C 33
36、0 or C 331. concrete, normalweightconcrete made with aggregates conforming to ASTM C 33. concrete, perlitenonstructural lightweight insulating concrete having a density of approximately 30 lb/ft3, made by mixing perlite aggregate complying with ASTM C 332 with portland cement slurry. concrete, plain
37、structural concrete with no reinforcement or less reinforcement than the minimum amount specified in ACI 318 for reinforced concrete. concrete, reinforcedstructural concrete reinforced with no less than the minimum amount of prestressing tendons or nonprestressed reinforcement as specified by ACI 31
38、8. concrete, semi-lightweightConcrete made with a combi- nation of lightweight aggregates (expanded clay, shale, slag, or slate, or sintered fly ash) and normalweight aggregates, having an equilibrium density of 105 to 120 lb/ft3 in accordance with ASTM C 567. concrete, siliceous aggregatenormalweig
39、ht concrete having constituents composed mainly of silica or silicates. concrete, structuralall concrete used for structural purposes, including plain and reinforced concrete. concrete, vermiculiteconcrete in which the aggregate consists of exfoliated vermiculite. end-point criteriaconditions of acc
40、eptance for an ASTM E 119 fire test. end-point, heat transmissionAn acceptance criterion of ASTM E 119 limiting the temperature rise of the unexposed surface to an average of 250 F for all measuring points or a maximum of 325 F at any one point. end-point, integrityan acceptance criterion of ASTM E
41、119 prohibiting the passage of flame or gases hot enough to ignite cotton waste before the end of the desired fire- endurance period. The term also applies to the hose-stream test of a fire-exposed wall. DETERMINING FIRE RESISTANCE OF CONCRETE AND MASONRY CONSTRUCTION ASSEMBLIES216.1-3 end-point, st
42、eel temperaturean acceptance criterion of ASTM E 119 defining the limiting steel temperatures for unrestrained assembly classifications. end-point, structuralASTM E 119 criteria that specify the conditions of acceptance for structural performance of a tested assembly. endurance, firea measure of the
43、 elapsed time during which a material or assembly continues to exhibit fire resistance. As applied to elements of buildings with respect to this standard, it shall be measured by the methods and criteria contained in ASTM E 119. fiberboard, glassfibrous glass insulation board complying with ASTM C 6
44、12. fiber, sprayed minerala blend of refined mineral fibers and inorganic binders. fire resistancethe property of a material or assembly to withstand fire or provide protection from it. As applied to elements of buildings, it is characterized by the ability to confine a fire or, when exposed to fire
45、, to continue to perform a given structural function, or both. fire-resistance rating (sometimes called fire rating, fire- resistance classification, or hourly rating)a legal term defined in building codes, usually based on fire endurance; fire-resistance ratings are assigned by building codes for v
46、arious types of construction and occupancies, and are usually given in half-hour or hourly increments. fire testsee standard fire test. joista comparatively narrow beam, used in closely spaced arrangements to support floor or roof slabs (that require no reinforcement except that required for tempera
47、ture and shrinkage stresses); also a horizontal structural member such as that which supports deck form sheathing. masonry, plainmasonry in which the tensile resistance of masonry is taken into consideration and the resistance of the reinforcing steel, if present, is neglected. masonry, reinforceda
48、material in which the masonry tensile strength is neglected and the effects of stress in embedded reinforcement are included in the design. masonry unit, claysolid or hollow unit (brick or tile) composed of clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthen substances shaped into prismatic units an
49、d subjected to heat treatment at elevated temperature (firing), meeting requirements of ASTM C 34, C 56, C 62, C 126, C 212, C 216, C 652, or C 1088. masonry unit, concretehollow or solid unit (block) made from cementitious materials, water, and aggregates, with or without the inclusion of other materials, meeting the requirements of ASTM C 55, C 73, C 90, C 129, or C 744. mastic, intumescentspray-applied coating that reacts to heat at approximately 300 F by foaming to a multicellular structure having 10 to 15
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