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1、Reported by ACI Committee 355 ACI 355.2-07 Qualification of Post-Installed Mechanical Anchors in Concrete and Commentary An ACI Standard Qualification of Post-Installed Mechanical Anchors in Concrete and Commentary First Printing June 2007 ISBN 978-0-87031-247-2 American Concrete Institute Advancing
2、 concrete knowledge Copyright by the American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage media, without the written consent of ACI. The
3、 technical committees responsible for ACI committee reports and standards strive to avoid ambiguities, omissions, and errors in these documents. In spite of these efforts, the users of ACI documents occasionally find information or requirements that may be subject to more than one interpretation or
4、may be incomplete or incorrect. Users who have suggestions for the improvement of ACI documents are requested to contact ACI. Proper use of this document includes periodically checking for errata at www.concrete.org/committees/errata.asp for the most up-to-date revisions. ACI committee documents are
5、 intended for the use of individuals who are competent to evaluate the significance and limitations of its content and recommendations and who will accept responsibility for the application of the material it contains. Individuals who use this publication in any way assume all risk and accept total
6、responsibility for the application and use of this information. All information in this publication is provided “as is” without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringeme
7、nt. ACI and its members disclaim liability for damages of any kind, including any special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages, including without limitation, lost revenues or lost profits, which may result from the use of this publication. It is the responsibility of the user of this docu
8、ment to establish health and safety practices appropriate to the specific circumstances involved with its use. ACI does not make any representations with regard to health and safety issues and the use of this document. The user must determine the applicability of all regulatory limitations before ap
9、plying the document and must comply with all applicable laws and regula- tions, including but not limited to, United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) health and safety standards. Order information: ACI documents are available in print, by download, on CD-ROM, through elect
10、ronic subscription, or reprint and may be obtained by contacting ACI. Most ACI standards and committee reports are gathered together in the annually revised ACI Manual of Concrete Practice (MCP). American Concrete Institute 38800 Country Club Drive Farmington Hills, MI 48331 U.S.A. Phone:248-848-370
11、0 Fax:248-848-3701 www.concrete.org ACI 355.2-07 supersedes ACI 355.2-04, was adopted April 2007, and published June 2007. Copyright 2007, American Concrete Institute. All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by any means, including the making of copies by any phot
12、o process, or by electronic or mechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproduction or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in writing is obtained from the copyright proprietors. 355.2-1 ACI Committee Reports, Guides, Standa
13、rd Practices, and Commentaries are intended for guidance in planning, designing, executing, and inspecting construction. This document is intended for the use of individuals who are competent to evaluate the significance and limitations of its content and recommendations and who will accept responsi
14、bility for the application of the material it contains. The American Concrete Institute disclaims any and all responsibility for the stated principles. The Institute shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising therefrom. Reference to this document shall not be made in contract documents. If i
15、tems found in this document are desired by the Architect/Engineer to be a part of the contract documents, they shall be restated in mandatory language for incorporation by the Architect/Engineer. ACI 355.2-07 ACI 355.2 prescribes testing programs and evaluation requirements for post-installed mechan
16、ical anchors intended for use in concrete under the design provisions of ACI 318. Criteria are prescribed for determining whether anchors are acceptable for use in uncracked concrete only, or in cracked as well as uncracked concrete. Performance categories for anchors are established, as are the cri
17、teria for assigning anchors to each category. The anchor performance categories are used by ACI 318 to assign capacity reduction factors and other design parameters. Keywords: anchors; cracked concrete; expansion anchors; fasteners; mechanical anchors; post-installed anchors; undercut anchors. CONTE
18、NTS STANDARD Chapter 1Scope, p. 355.2-3 Chapter 2Definitions and notation, p. 355.2-3 2.1Definitions 2.2Notation Chapter 3Significance and use, p. 355.2-6 Chapter 4General requirements, p. 355.2-6 4.1Testing sequence 4.2Test samples 4.3Testing by independent testing and evaluation agency and by manu
19、facturer 4.4Changes to product Chapter 5Requirements for test specimens, installing anchors, and conducting tests, p. 355.2-8 5.1Concrete for test members 5.2Anchor installation 5.3Test methods 5.4Tests in cracked concrete 5.5General requirements for anchor behavior Chapter 6Requirements for anchor
20、identification, p. 355.2-12 6.1Determination of critical characteristics of anchors 6.2Specification of critical characteristics of anchors 6.3Verification of conformance to drawings and specifications Chapter 7Reference tests, p. 355.2-12 7.1Purpose 7.2Reference tension tests for single anchors wit
21、hout spacing and edge effects (Table 4.1, Tests 1 and 2, or Table 4.2, Tests 1, 2, 3, and 4) 7.3Required calculations using results of reference tests Chapter 8Reliability tests, p. 355.2-13 8.1Purpose Tarek S. AzizBrian C. GerberAnthony J. LamannaDonald F. Meinheit Ranjit L. BandyopadhyayHerman L.
22、Graves, IIIHarry B. Lancelot, IIIRichard S. Orr Peter J. CarratoKevin D. HeinertNam-Ho LeeAlan D. Price Harry A. ChambersChristopher HeinzAlexander Makitka, Jr.Patrick J. E. Sullivan Rolf EligehausenBruce I. IrelandLee W. MattisJames B. Turley Sam S. EskildsenRichard E. KlingnerRobert R. McGlohnHarr
23、y Wiewel Branko Galunic Ronald A. Cook Chair Richard E. Wollmershauser Secretary Qualification of Post-Installed Mechanical Anchors in Concrete (ACI 355.2-07) and Commentary An ACI Standard Reported by ACI Committee 355 355.2-2ACI STANDARD 8.2Reliability tests using reduced installation effort (Tabl
24、e 4.1, Test 3, and Table 4.2, Test 5) 8.3Reliability in low-strength concrete with large drill bit (Table 4.1, Test 4, and Table 4.2, Test 6) 8.4Reliability in high-strength concrete with small drill bit (Table 4.1, Test 5, and Table 4.2, Test 7) 8.5Reliability under repeated load (Table 4.1, Test 6
25、) 8.6Reliability in cracked concrete where crack width is cycled (Table 4.2, Test 8) Chapter 9Service-condition tests, p. 355.2-15 9.1Purpose 9.2Service-condition tension test with single anchor and with two edges (corner) (Table 4.1, Test 7, and Table 4.2, Test 9) 9.3Service-condition test at minim
26、um edge distance and minimum spacing (Table 4.1, Test 8, and Table 4.2, Test 10) 9.4Service-condition shear test for single anchors without spacing and edge effects (Table 4.1, Test 9, and Table 4.2, Test 11) 9.5Service-condition, simulated seismic tension tests (Table 4.2, Test 12) 9.6Service-condi
27、tion, simulated seismic shear tests (Table 4.2, Test 13) Chapter 10Establishing anchor categories, p. 355.2-18 Chapter 11Presenting anchor data, p. 355.2-18 11.1Data analysis 11.2Format of data sheet 11.3General requirements 11.4Contents of evaluation report Chapter 12Requirements for independent te
28、sting and evaluation agency, p. 355.2-19 Chapter 13References, p. 355.2-19 13.1Referenced standards MANDATORY APPENDIXES Appendix A1Requirements for normalization of results, p. 355.2-21 A1.1Normalization of capacities to take account of concrete and steel strengths A1.2Concrete breakout or splittin
29、g failure A1.3Pullout and pull-through failure A1.4Steel failure Appendix A2Requirements for establishing characteristic capacities, p. 355.2-21 A2.1Scope A2.2Procedure Appendix A3Requirements for test members, p. 355.2-21 A3.1Tests in uncracked concrete A3.2Tests in cracked concrete A3.3Casting and
30、 curing of test members COMMENTARY Chapter R1Scope, p. 355.2-23 Chapter R2Definitions and notation, p. 355.2-23 R2.1Definitions R2.2Notation Chapter R3Significance and use, p. 355.2-23 Chapter R4General requirements, p. 355.2-23 R4.1Testing sequence R4.2Test samples Chapter R5Requirements for test s
31、pecimens, installing anchors, and conducting tests, p. 355.2-26 R5.1Concrete for test members R5.2Anchor installation R5.4Tests in cracked concrete R5.5General requirements for anchor behavior Chapter R6Requirements for anchor identification, p. 355.2-28 R6.3Verification of conformance to drawings a
32、nd specifications Chapter R7Reference tests, p. 355.2-28 R7.2Reference tension tests for single anchors without spacing and edge effects (Table 4.1, Tests 1 and 2, or Table 4.2, Tests 1, 2, 3, and 4) R7.3Required calculations using results of reference tests Chapter R8Reliability tests, p. 355.2-29
33、R8.2Reliability tests using reduced installation effort (Table 4.1, Test 3, and Table 4.2, Test 5) R8.3Reliability in low-strength concrete with large drill bit (Table 4.1, Test 4, and Table 4.2, Test 6) R8.4Reliability in high-strength concrete with small drill bit (Table 4.1, Test 5, and Table 4.2
34、, Test 7) R8.5Reliability under repeated load (Table 4.1, Test 6) R8.6Reliability in cracked concrete where crack width is cycled (Table 4.2, Test 8) Chapter R9Service-condition tests, p. 355.2-30 R9.2Service-condition tension test with single anchor and with two edges (corner) (Table 4.1, Test 7, a
35、nd Table 4.2, Test 9) R9.3Service-condition test at minimum edge distance and minimum spacing (Table 4.1, Test 8, and Table 4.2, Test 10) R9.4Service-condition shear test for single anchors without spacing and edge effects (Table 4.1, Test 9, and Table 4.2, Test 11) R9.5Service-condition, simulated
36、seismic tension tests (Table 4.2, Test 12) R9.6Service-condition, simulated seismic shear tests (Table 4.2, Test 13) QUALIFICATION OF POST-INSTALLED MECHANICAL ANCHORS IN CONCRETE355.2-3 Chapter R11Presenting anchor data, p. 355.2-31 Chapter R13References, p. 355.2-31 R13.1Cited references Appendix
37、RA1Requirements for normalization of results, p. 355.2-31 RA1.2Concrete breakout or splitting failure RA1.3Pullout and pull-through failure Appendix RA3Requirements for test members, p. 355.2-31 RA3.2Tests in cracked concrete EXAMPLE EVALUATION OF A WEDGE-TYPE ANCHOR IN UNCRACKED CONCRETE E1Anchor s
38、pecifications, p. 355.2-32 E2Test results, p. 355.2-32 E3Evaluation, p. 355.2-32 E3.1General E3.2Reference tests in uncracked low-strength concrete E3.3Reference tests in uncracked high-strength concrete E3.4Reliability tests, reduced installation effort E3.5Reliability tests, large hole diameter E3
39、.6Reliability tests, small hole diameter E3.7Reliability tests, repeated load E3.8Service-condition tests, corner test E3.9Service-condition tests, minimum edge distance and spacing E3.10Service-condition tests, shear tests E4Establishing anchor category, p. 355.2-35 E5Report of anchor data, p. 355.
40、2-35 STANDARD CHAPTER 1SCOPE 1.1 ACI 355.2 prescribes testing and evaluation requirements for post-installed mechanical anchors intended for use in concrete designed under the provisions of ACI 318. Criteria are prescribed to determine whether anchors are acceptable for use in uncracked concrete onl
41、y, or in cracked as well as uncracked concrete. Criteria are prescribed to determine the performance category for each anchor. The anchor performance categories are used by ACI 318 to assign capacity reduction factors and other design parameters. 1.2 ACI 355.2 describes the tests required to qualify
42、 a post-installed mechanical anchor or anchor system for use under the provisions of ACI 318. 1.3 ACI 355.2 applies to post-installed mechanical anchors (torque-controlled expansion anchors, displacement-controlled expansion anchors, and undercut anchors) placed into predrilled holes and anchored wi
43、thin the concrete by mechanical means. 1.4 ACI 355.2 applies to anchors with a nominal diameter of 1/4 in. (6 mm) or larger. 1.5 The values stated either in inch-pound units or SI units are to be separately regarded. Within the text, the SI units are shown in parentheses. The values in each system a
44、re not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems shall result in nonconformance with ACI 355.2. CHAPTER 2DEFINITIONS AND NOTATION 2.1Definitions 2.1.1 Anchor categoryThe classification for an anchor that is established b
45、y the performance of the anchor in reliability tests (refer to Chapter 10). 2.1.2 Anchor groupA number of anchors of approximately equal effective embedment depth with each anchor spaced at less than three times its embedment depth from one or more adjacent anchors. 2.1.3 Anchor systemSimilar anchor
46、s that vary only due to diameter or embedment depth; a product line of a single manufacturer. 2.1.4 Characteristic valueThe 5% fractile (value with a 95% probability of being exceeded, with a confidence of 90%). 2.1.5 Concrete breakout failureA concrete failure mode that develops a cone or edge fail
47、ure of the test member due to setting of the anchor or to applied loads. 2.1.6 Cracked concreteA concrete test member with a single, full-depth, approximately uniform width crack. 2.1.7 Displacement-controlled expansion anchorA post- installed anchor that is set by expansion against the side of the
48、drilled hole through movement of an internal plug in the sleeve or through movement of the sleeve over an expansion element (plug) (Fig. 2.1); once set, no further expansion can occur. 2.1.8 Pullout failureA failure mode in which the anchor pulls out of the concrete without development of the full s
49、teel or concrete capacity. 2.1.9 Pull-through failureA failure mode in which the anchor body pulls through the expansion mechanism without development of the full steel or concrete capacity. 2.1.10 Setting of an anchorThe process of activating the load-transfer mechanism of an anchor in a drilled hole. 2.1.11 Splitting failureA concrete failure mode in which the concrete fractures along a plane passing through the axis of the anchor or anchors. 2.1.12 Statistically
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