ACI-CCS-0-1993.pdf
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1、CACI CCS-O 93 = 0bb2949 O533987 AT9 Copyright American Concrete Institute Provided by IHS under license with ACI Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=listmgr, listmgr Not for Resale, 03/05/2007 02:35:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- A C 1 CCS-O 93 Ob629
2、49 051398B 735 CONCRETE CRAFTSMAN SERIES - CONCRETE FUNDAMENTALS Copyright American Concrete Institute Provided by IHS under license with ACI Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=listmgr, listmgr Not for Resale, 03/05/2007 02:35:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from I
3、HS -,-,- Robert C. Bates Gregory J. Carr Kenneth D. Cummins Charles M. Dabney Robert E. Glanviile A C 1 CCS-O 93 . I 0662949 0.513989 671 AC1 Committee E-703 Wiiiiam R. Phillips Chairman Samuel A. Greenberg Byron D. Hanson Oswin Keifer, Jr. Jay B. Kinhal Theodore WJ. Marotta C. Raymond Nowacki Paul
4、J. Tikalsky Thomas D. Verti Bradley K. Violetta This document has b e m reviewed in accordance with Institute publication procedures. Printed in the United States of America First Printing-November 1993 Victoria A. Wieczorek-Editorial Production Copyright 0 1993 AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE PO Box 19
5、150, Redford Station Detroit, Michigan 48219 All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by any means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by any electronic or mechanical device, printed or written or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproduc
6、tion or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in writing is obtained from the copyright proprietors. The Institute is not responsible for the statements or opinions in its publications. Institute publications are not able to, nor intended to supplant individual tr
7、aining, responsibility, or judgement of the user. or the supplier o f the information presented. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER 93-73934 Copyright American Concrete Institute Provided by IHS under license with ACI Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=listmgr, listmgr Not for Resale, 03/0
8、5/2007 02:35:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- A C 1 CCS-O 93 0662749 0533990 373 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface v Vocabulary . 1 Chapter 1 Introduction . 5 Chapter 2 Concrete Materials . 11 Chapter 3 Mixture Proportioning . 23 Chapter 4 Batching and Mixing Conc
9、rete . 35 Chapter 6 Curing and Protection . 61 Chapter 5 Handling. Placing and Consolidating Concrete . 42 Chapter 7 Field Testing and Control of Concrete Quality . 73 Chapter 8 Evaluating Concrete Strength - Core and Cylinder Strength Tests of Hardened Concrete 84 Appendix A References . 93 Appendi
10、x B Conversion Factors . 96 Copyright American Concrete Institute Provided by IHS under license with ACI Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=listmgr, listmgr Not for Resale, 03/05/2007 02:35:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- A C 1 CCS-O 93 D Obb29Y7 05L
11、399L 22T PREFACE This is the fourth booklet in the Concrete Craftsman Series published by the American Concrete Institute. This booklet is intended for anyone who wants a simple intro- duction to concrete and concrete construction. Craftsmen in the concrete field may find it particularly useful as a
12、 guide for good practice. The first booklet in this series, Slabs on Grade, CCS-1 covered good construction practices for slabs. The second booklet, Cast-in-Place Walls, CCS-2 described formwork, reinforcement, placing of concrete, curing, and wali finishes. The third booklet, Supported Beams and Sl
13、abs, CCS-3 provided technical background on such subjects as shoring, reshoring, form removal, reinforcement place- ment, and concrete placing, finishing, and curing. Since this book went back to cover the fundamentals, it is numbered accordingly. Concrete Fundamentais, CCS-O starts with the most ba
14、sic question of ali, “What is con- crete?“ Sections then cover materials, basic construction practices, and testing. This booklet is the perfect starting point for someone in the concrete industry, whether they be an apprentice, a journeyman, a foreman, a material supplier, or even a young engineer
15、without field exper- ience. This booklet is not a design aid but rather a guide to good practice. The design of concrete structures is the responsibility of a professional engineer. Designs are usualiy reviewed and approved by local building authorities and are gov- erned by codes such as the Unifor
16、m Building Code, Stan- dard Building Code, BOCA Code, or others which usually reference the “AC1 Building Code for Reinforced Con- crete, AC1 318.“ This booklet is not a replacement for any of these documents. It must be kept in mind that plans and specifications for a specific project, and local bu
17、ilding code requirements in any area, must be foliowed, even if they differ from the information in this booklet. V Copyright American Concrete Institute Provided by IHS under license with ACI Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=listmgr, listmgr Not for Resale, 03/05/2007 02:35:59 MSTNo reproduc
18、tion or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- A C 1 CCS-O 93 8 0bb2949 0533992 166 0 VOCABULARY If you are using this book as an introduction to con- crete, you will soon notice that a lot of ordinary words like accelerator, bleeding, blistering, honeycomb, slump, and many others have
19、their own very special meaning when ap- plied to concrete. To help with these meanings, weve listed some of the terms that appear in this book, along with brief definitions. For longer definitions and for other words not included here, see “Cement and Concrete Ter- minology (AC1 116R),” published by
20、 the American Con- crete Institute. Accelerator - Admixture that speeds up the normal set- ting and hardening of concrete. Admimre - Any material deliberately added to concrete before or during mixing, other than cement, water, aggre- gates, and fiber reinforcement. Aggregate - Sand, gravel, crushed
21、 stone and similar ma- terials mixed with cement and water to make concrete. Fine aggregate includes ali particles about Yi in. or less. Particles larger than 9 5 in. are called coarse aggregate. Air entrainment - Incorporation of minute air bubbles in 1 concrete during mixing. AU-entraining Agent -
22、 An admixture for concrete which causes air entrainment during mixing. Bleeding - Appearance of water on the surface of fresh concrete. Caused by settlement of the cement grains and particles of aggregate. Blistering - Irregular raising of a thin layer at the con- crete surface during or soon after
23、finishing work is.done. Bug holes - Small cavities in the formed surface of con- crete, resulting from air bubbles trapped against the. form during placement and consolidation. Cement puste - Cement and water mixture that is a part of concrete. Compressive strength - Measured maximum resistance of a
24、 concrete or mortar specimen to axial compressive load- ing, expressed as a force per unit cross-sectional area (pounds per square in., for example). Copyright American Concrete Institute Provided by IHS under license with ACI Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=listmgr, listmgr Not for Resale,
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