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1、COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services Composite and Hybrid Systems Editors Riyad S. Aboutaha Joseph M. Bracci A international- SP- 196 Ded
2、icated to a leader in Engineering Practice and Education -Walter P. Moore, Jr. COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services DISCUSSION of individ
3、ual papers in this symposium may be submitted in accordance with general requirements of the AC1 Publication Policy to AC1 headquarters at the address given below. Closing date for submission of discussion is May 1, 2001. All discussion approved by the Technical Activities Committee along with closi
4、ng remarks by the authors will be published in the September/October 2001 issue of either AC1 Structural Journal or AC1 Materials Journal depending on the subject emphasis of the individual paper. The Institute is not responsible for the statements or opinions expressed in its publications. Institut
5、e publications are not able to, nor intended to, supplant individual training, responsibility, or judgment of the user, or the supplier, of the information presented. The papers in this volume have been reviewed under Institute publication procedures by individuals expert in the subject areas of the
6、 papers. Copyright O 2000 AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE P.O. Box 9094 Farmington Hills, Michigan 48333-9094 All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by any means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by any electronic or mechanical device, printed
7、or written or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproduction or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission in writing is obtained from the copyright proprietors. Cover Photo: “Relocating beam plastic hinge region by use of headed bars.” Courtesy of Riyad S. Abouta
8、ha Printed in the United States of America Editorial production: *” o m a s Library of Congress catalog card number: 00-108802 COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Inf
9、ormation Handling Services PREFACE This special publication is in memory of the late professor Walter P. Moore, Jr., a pioneer structural engineer in composite systems, and a leading structural engi- neering educator. The first paper in this publication documents his professional career and highligh
10、ts his contributions in the design and construction of composite systems. In 1998, AC1 Committee 335, Composite and Hybrid Systems, sponsored four technical sessions in Houston, Texas, and Los Angeles, California. The papers presented in these sessions covered a wide range of practical case studies
11、and research projects on steel-concrete and polymer-concrete composite systems. These papers should be of interest to practicing engineers, educators, and researchers in that they demonstrate the effective use of different materials for the construction of composite structures. Bahram Shahrooz was c
12、hairman of AC1 Committee 335 when t h s venture was proposed, and at the time of the sessions. Riyad S. Aboutaha, Joseph M. Bracci, Gajanan M. Sabnis, and Sam X. Y a 0 served as moderators for these sessions. Acknowledgments The editors would like to thank the authors and presenters for their contri
13、bu- tions to the four technical sessions and this volume, the reviewers of the original manuscripts for their constructive comments and suggestions, and the AC1 staff for their great help in organizing the sessions and preparing this special publication. Special thanks are also due to the members of
14、 AC1 Committee 335 for their sup- port of this project. Riyad S. Aboutaha Joseph M. Bracci Editors COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services C
15、ONTENTS In Tribute to Walter P. Moore, Jr.-A Leader in Composite Building Design and Engineering Education by L. W. Slade 1 Analytical Modeling of Through Beam Connection Detail by A. Elremaily and A. Azizinamini 5 Advanced Composites for the Navy Waterfront Infrastructure by L. J. Malvar . 17 Compa
16、rison of ACI, AISC, and Basic Methods for CFTs by B. M. Shahrooz and W. Zhang 29 An Experimental Evaluation of High-Strength Square CFT Columns by A. H. Varma, J. M. Ricles, R. Sause, B. K. Hull, and L. W. Lu . 51 Push-Out Behavior of Rectangular Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes by M. A. Parsley, J. A, Y
17、ura, and J. O. Jirsa 87 Equivalent Damping Factor of Composite RCS Frames by H. Kuramoto and I. Nishiyama . 109 Should I Use AC1 3 18 or LRFD for Designing Composite Columns? by R. W. Furlong . 125 Study of Structural Safety of Reinforced Concrete Flexural and Compression Members by S. A. Mirza 141
18、Behavior of a New Steel-Concrete Hybrid Frame System by R. S. Aboutaha 175 Hybrid RC Frame-Steel Wall Systems by Y, L. Mo and S. F. Perng 189 V Previous page is blank COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (Amer
19、ican Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services STD=ACI SP-LSb-ENGL 2000 Obb2SqS 055qbbL 33T m In Tribute to Walter P. Moore, Jr. A Leader in Composite Building Design and Engineering Education by Lee W. Slade, P . E . Walter P. Moore, Jr., Ph.D., PE, NAE, was an internationally-r
20、espected structural engineer and educator who left a deep imprint on the way that major buildings are designed and on the way that students are educated to design them. He designed a broad spectrum of major buildings throughout the United States and was an industry leader in the incorporation of com
21、posite technologies into important structures. He advocated the combination of structural steel and reinforced concrete into composite elements that were superior in performance, economy, and constructability. Dr. Moore also taught a generation of designers how to collaborate and embrace new technol
22、ogies and new materials. For 40 years Walter P. Moore, Jr. was associated with Walter P. Moore and Associates, Inc., the Houston-based structural and civil engineering practice that his father established in 1 9 3 l . As President and Chairman of the firm from 1975 until 1995, Dr. Moore expanded the
23、 horizons of the firm and helped it establish a reputation as a national leader in the design of high-rise buildings and sports facilities. Dr. Moore personally designed a number of award-winning buildings including the soaring steel cantilevered amphitheater at Miller Outdoor Theater in Houstons He
24、rmann Park. He led teams that delivered a succession of high-profile structures, including the crowned 60-story headquarters tower of NationsBank in uptown Charlotte, North Carolina, at completion the third tallest concrete frame building in the world. Dr. Moores success was built on his core belief
25、s. He believed in life-long learning. He felt that the most innovative and meaningful contribution came from those with a strong foundation of technical training, overlain with practical experience, input from industry, and continued curiosity. He earned his Ph.D. in structural engineering from the
26、University of Illinois at Urbana after earning his Bachelorsand Master of Science degrees at Rice University. His commitment to learning continued throughout his life as he served as an adjunct professor at Rice, teaching courses in both theoretical structural design and pragmatic practice issues. H
27、e served on engineering curriculum advisory boards at Rice as well as Texas A concrete filled tubes; connections; finite element 5 COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by
28、 Information Handling Services STD-AC1 SP-LSb-ENGL 2000 Obb29V9 055Vbbb 711 m 6 Elremaily and Azizinamini Ahmed Elremaily is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. He is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Nebraska. His areas of expertise include large scale testing,
29、 finite element analysis, and dynamic analysis and seismic design of buildings. Atorod Azizinamini is an Associate Professor of Civil Engineering and the director of the National Bridge Research Organization (NaBRO) at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. He is also the chairman of the Steel Bridge c
30、ommittee of the American Society of Civil Engineers and is a member of several other committees related to bridge engineering. INTRODUCTION Composite construction consisting of concrete filled tube (CFT) columns with relatively thin-walled steel tubes, has been used in building construction in U.S.
31、and far east. In general, in this type of construction, steel beams are framed to columns at each floor level. Detail and design criteria for connecting steel beams to CFT columns are almost non-existent. On the other hand the economy of this type of connection depends, to a large degree, on utilizi
32、ng a suitable Connection detail. The overall objectives of the investigations being conducted are to develop an economical connection detail for connecting steel beams to CFT columns and to provide accompanying design provisions. A previous pilot study on a specific connection detail referred to as
33、a through beam connection detail w a s conducted at University of Nebraska-Lincoln by Azizinamini and Parakash (2). Another study by Alostaz and Schneider (3) was recently completed at University of Illinois. This study examined the feasibility of using several connection details and concluded that
34、the behavior of the through connection detail was the best. A combination of analytical and experimental studies is being conducted to provide a thorough understanding of the behavior of the through beam connection detail. A three dimensional nonlinear finite element model w a s generated for the co
35、nnection using ANSYS (1) finite element program. The experimental results were used to verify and fine tune the numerical model. The theoretical model was then used to identify the elements that control the joint behavior and evaluate their contributions to the connection strength. COPYRIGHT ACI Int
36、ernational (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services STD-AC1 SP-L7b-ENGL 2000 m Obb2747 0554bb7 858 m Composite and Hybrid Systems 7 TEST SPECIMEN A cruciform shaped spec
37、imen representing an interior connection in a plane he was tested to understand the force transfer mechanism. Details of the test specimen are shown in Figure 1. The specimen consisted of a concrete filled tube column and a steel beam passed through the column. The upper and lower portions of this c
38、ruciform type test specimen represent the distance from the floor to mid-heights of the lower and upper stories. The length of the beam represents the distance to the inflection point on each side, which is assumed to be half the span. Loads were applied at the beam ends to simulate member shears at
39、 inflection points which occur under lateral loading of the frame. Axial load was applied on the column to represent the reaction of upper stories due to gravity loads. The magnitude of the axial load was taken as 20% of the squash load, Po, given by the following equation: P “ = A. composites; fibe
40、r-reinforced plastics, infrastructure; reinforced concrete; structural upgrade 17 Previous page is blank COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Serv
41、ices STD=ACI SP-LSb-ENGL 2000 Obb2747 0554b77 7T7 M 18 Malvar Dr. L. Javier Malvar is a Research Materials/Structural Engineer at the Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center. He has been involved with composite materials for infrastructure applications since 1992. INTRODUCTION Since 1992, the US
42、. Navy, Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center (NFESC), has been involved in the study and use of advanced fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composites for its waterfront infrastructure applications. Advanced composites presented significant durability advantages for waterfront construction when c
43、ompared to traditional materials, such as wood and steel. However, an understanding of these materials, and their short and long-term characteristics, was necessary to optimize their use in the areas where their properties made them best suited. The present paper shows a summary of development, test
44、 high-strength conrete; tests 29 Previous page is blank COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services COPYRIGHT ACI International (American Concrete Institute) Licensed by Information Handling Services 30 Shahrooz and Zhang AC1 member Bahram M. S
45、hahrooz is an associate professor of civil engineering at the University of Cincinnati. His research interests cover seismic response and design of reinforced concrete and steel-concrete composite and mixed structures, evaluation of civil infrastructure by field non-destructive testing, repair of ex
46、isting reinforced concrete structures by advanced composite materials, and use of fiber- reinforced polymers and high-performance concrete in civil infrastructure. He is chairman of AC1 Committee 335, composite and hybrid structures, is a member of AC1 Committee 352, Joints and Connections in Monoli
47、thic Concrete Structures, and associate member of several other AC1 committees. Weizi Zhang is a design engineer at American Buildings Company in Eufaula, Alabama. He received his MS degree in structural engineering from the University of Cincinnati in 1997. He has more than 2 years of tunneling des
48、ign experience. His professional interests include utilization of computers in civil engineering design, and design of reinforced concrete and mixed construction structures. INTRODUCTION The use of concrete-filled tubular columns (CFTs) in high-rise buildings has become more popular in recent years
49、as they provide several advantages over reinforced concrete or steel columns, e.g. formwork and reinforcement are eliminated, high strength and stiffness can be achieved by filling high strength tubes with high strength concrete, concrete is confined rather easily by the steel tube, thinner steel tubes can be used as the concrete improves the stability of the tube, etc. Despite such advantages, unified design codes do not currently exist in the .United States, and designers need to choose between the methods available in AC1 Building Code (AC1 318-95) and AISC Load and Resi
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