AIAA-G-045-2003.pdf
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1、Guide Assessing Experimental Uncertainty Supplement to AIAA S- 071A- 1999 AIAA standards are copyrighted by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston, VA 20191-4344 USA. All rights reserved. AIAA grants you a license as follows: The right to dow
2、nload an electronic file of this AIAA standard for temporary storage on one computer for purposes of viewing, and/or printing one copy of the AIAA standard for individual use. Neither the electronic file nor the hard copy print may be reproduced in any way. In addition, the electronic file may not b
3、e distributed elsewhere over computer networks or otherwise. The hard copy print may only be distributed to other employees for their internal use within your organization. AIAA G- 045- 2003 Copyright American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Provided by IHS under license with AIAA Licensee
4、=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 02:57:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- AIAA G-045-2003 Guide Assessing Experimental Uncertainty Supplement to AIAA S-071A-1999 Sponsored by American Institute of Aeronautics and Astron
5、autics Abstract This AIAA Guide supplements the methodology for assessment of experimental uncertainties and techniques for evaluating experimental error sources provided in AIAA Standard S-071A-1999, “Assessment of Experimental Uncertainty with Application to Wind Tunnel Testing.“ This document pro
6、vides additional information and examples to assist the experimentalist in performing an uncertainty analysis. Its focus is on helping the experimenter begin to apply uncertainty analysis techniques. The information contained in the standard and this guide is not limited to wind tunnel testingit can
7、 be applied to a wide range of experiments. Copyright American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Provided by IHS under license with AIAA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 02:57:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IH
8、S -,-,- AIAA G-045-2003 ii Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Guide : assessing experimental uncertainty : supplement to AIAA S-071A-1999 / sponsored by American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 1-56347-663-0 (hardcopy) - ISB
9、N 1-56347-664-9 (electronic) 1. Wind tunnels. 2. Airplanes-Models-Testing-Standards. 3. Uncertainty (Information theory) I. Title: Assessing experimental uncertainty. II. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. III. Assessment of experimental uncertainty with application to wind tunnel t
10、esting. TL567.W5A87 1999 Suppl. 629.13452-dc22 2003024006 Published by American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Suite 500, Reston, VA 20191-4344 Copyright 2003 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics All rights reserved. No part of this publication may
11、 be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United State of America Copyright American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Provided by IHS under license with AIAA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001
12、, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 02:57:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- AIAA G-045-2003 iii CONTENTS Foreword.v Dedicationvi Part I Basic Topics. 1 1Introduction 1 2Uncertainty Methodology and Application 2 2.1Methodology Primer . 2 2.1.1Sing
13、le Test 4 2.1.2Multiple Tests 4 2.1.3Relative Sensitivity Factors 5 2.2Application Primer. 5 2.2.1Experiment Definition . 5 2.2.2Uncertainties of the Experimental Results. 6 2.2.2.1Multiple Tests 6 2.2.2.2Single Test 9 3General Uncertainty Analysis ExampleEvaluating Measurement Methods. 11 3.1Introd
14、uction. 11 3.2Mach Number Equations 11 3.3Uncertainty Analysis. 12 3.3.1Partial Derivative Terms. 13 3.3.2Transducer Uncertainty 14 3.3.3Mach Number Uncertainty 14 3.3.4Relative Sensitivity Factors 16 4General Uncertainty Analysis ExampleEvaluating Data Reduction Equations . 18 4.1Turbine Efficiency
15、 Equations 19 4.2Procedure . 19 4.3Results 20 4.3.1Overall Uncertainty. 20 4.3.2UMF. 20 4.3.3UPC. 21 4.3.4Summary. 22 5Systematic Uncertainties and Correlation. 30 5.1Systematic Uncertainties 30 5.2Correlated Systematic Uncertainties 32 5.2.1Bath Uniformity. 33 5.2.2Standard Uncertainty 34 Copyright
16、 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Provided by IHS under license with AIAA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 02:57:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- AIAA G-045-2003 iv 5.3Correlated Systematic U
17、ncertainties Example 34 Part IIAdvanced Topics 38 6Random Uncertainties and Correlation. 38 6.1Random Uncertainties 38 6.2Correlated Random Uncertainty Example. 38 6.2.1Background. 38 6.2.2Calibration Approach and Results . 39 6.2.3Uncertainty Analysis. 40 6.3Discharge Coefficient and Mass Flow Rate
18、 Equations. 44 7Regression Uncertainty. 47 7.1Categories of Regression Uncertainty. 47 7.1.1Uncertainty in Coefficients 48 7.1.2Uncertainty in Y from Regression Model. 48 7.1.3(Xi, Yi) Variables are Functions 49 7.2Linear Regression Uncertainty. 49 7.2.1General Approach. 49 7.2.2Reporting Regression
19、 Uncertainties 51 7.2.3Differential Pressure Transducer Calibration Example. 52 7.2.4X and Y as Functional Relations 54 7.2.51st Order Regressions. 56 7.2.5.1Uncertainty in Coefficients 56 7.2.5.2Classical Regression Random Uncertainty. 58 7.2.5.3Lift Slope and Lift Coefficient Example 59 8Automated
20、 Uncertainty Analysis for Production Experiments . 64 8.1Introduction. 64 8.2Error Propagation . 64 8.3Estimation of Input Uncertainties. 65 8.3.1Systematic Uncertainty Estimation 66 8.3.2Random Uncertainty Estimation. 67 8.3.3Specific Uncertainty Estimates. 67 8.4Results 68 8.5Summary. 68 9Useful R
21、eferences. 79 Copyright American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Provided by IHS under license with AIAA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 02:57:13 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- AIAA G-045-2003 v Fore
22、word Experimental uncertainty is a complex subject involving both statistical techniques and engineering judgment. In 1995 the AIAA Standards Technical Council approved an AIAA Standard on experimental uncertainty that was revised in 1999 (AIAA S-071A-1999, “Assessment of Experimental Uncertainty wi
23、th Application to Wind Tunnel Testing“). The AIAA adopted the contents of an Advisory Report (AR-304) set forth by the Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development (AGARD). The AIAA Standard defines a rational and practical framework for quantifying and reporting experimental uncertainty an
24、d presents the application of the methodology to wind tunnel testing. This AIAA Guide supplements the standard. It provides additional information and examples to assist the experimentalist in performing an uncertainty analysis. Its focus is on helping the experimenter begin to apply uncertainty ana
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