ANSI-INCITS-124-1985-R2007.pdf
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1、for Information Systems - Computer Graphics - Graphical Kernel System (GKS Functional Description I ANSIINCITS 124-1985 (R2002) (includes ANSI INCITS 124.1-1985 formerly ANSI X3.124.1-1985) Developed by Where IT all begins Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license
2、 with ANSI Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 08/06/2007 22:36:41 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, Use
3、r=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 08/06/2007 22:36:41 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI X3.124- 1985 (incldS ANSI X3.124.1-1985) American National Standard for Information Systems - Computer Graphics - Graphical Kernel System (GKS) Functional Descript ion Se
4、cretariat Computer and Business Equipment Manufacturers Association Approved June 24, 1985 American National Standards Institute, I nc Abstract The graphical kernel system (GKS) is a set of basic functions for computer graphics program- ming useable by many graphics producing applications. This stan
5、dard (1) allows graphics appli- cation programs to be easily transported between installations, (2) aids graphics applications programmers in understanding and using graphics methods, and (3) guides device manufacturers on useful graphics capabilities. This standard defines an application level prog
6、ramming interface to a graphics system. Hence, it contains functions for (1) outputting graphical primitives, (2) controlling the appearance of graphical primitives with attributes, (3) controlling graphical workstations, (4) controlling trans- formations and coordinate systems, (5) generating and c
7、ontrolling groups of primitives called segments, (6) obtaining graphical input, (7) manipulating groups of device-independent instruc- tions called metafiles, (8) inquiring the capabilities and states of the graphics system, and (9) handling errors. Twelve upwardly compatible levels of conformance a
8、re defined, addressing the most common classes of equipment and applications. Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 08/06/2007 22:36:41 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted wi
9、thout license from IHS -,-,- Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Rev
10、iew, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their res
11、olution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The
12、American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American Nation
13、al Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Ins
14、titute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. American National Published by American Nationa
15、l Standards Institute 11 West 42nd Street, New York, New York 10036 Copyright O1 985 by Information Technology Industry Council (ITI) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of IT
16、I, 1250 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC 20005. Printed in the United States of America Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 08/06/2007 22:36:41 MDTNo reproduction or networking permi
17、tted without license from IHS -,-,- (This Foreword is not part of American National Standard X3.124-1985.) Foreword This American National Standard provides a set of basic functions for computer graphics programming These functions taken as a whole are called the graphical kernel system (GKS) The de
18、sign of this standard is based on the work of many groups. Much of the early design methodology was developed at the Wcrkshop on Graphics Standards Meth- odology held in May 1976 in Seillac, France, under IFIP WG5.2 sponsorship. GKS itself was originally developed by Deutsches Institut fur Normung (
19、DIN), the West German standardization institute, in 1978 and was subsequently refined extensively between 1980 and 1982 by Working Group 2 of the Subcommittee on Programming Languages of the Technical Committee on Information Processing of the International Organization for Standardization (IS0 TC 9
20、7/SC5/WG2). The resulting International Standard (Informa- tion Processing - Computer Graphics - Graphical Kernel System (GKS) Functional Description, IS0 7942-1985) was the basis for this American National Standard. The de- velopment of the GKS was heavily influenced by the work of the Graphic Stan
21、dards Planning Committee of the Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics of the Associa- tion for Computing Machinery (ACM SIGGRAPH GSPC). This work, known as the Core System Proposal, was published and widely distributed in 1977 and again (in a revised version) in 1979. This American National St
22、andard on GKS is identical to IS0 7942-1985 (GKS) in almost all areas. All functional capabilities of IS0 GKS are found in the ANSI GKS . The ANSI GKS does, however, differ in the following ways. (1) A new minimal output level (denoted m) is defined. (2) A new section defining a conforming program a
23、nd a conforming implementation replaces a more restrictive conformance statement found in the body of the IS0 GKS standard document (3) Several of the Annexes in the IS0 GKS document have been modified. Also, the word ?Annex? has been changed to ?Appendix.? (4) The default for ASFs is INDIVIDUAL. (5
24、) The data records for INPUT have been defined. Appendix G contains a detailed list of all the differences betwen ANSI X3.124-1985 and IS0 7942-1 985. This standard is supplemented by a derivative standard, American National Standard for Information Systems - Computer Graphics - Graphical Kernel Sys
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