Apparel Manufacturing in China 2010-2016.pdf
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1、 IBISWorld and ACMR China Industry Report 31 May 2010 Apparel Manufacturing in China: 1810 DISCLAIMER This product has been supplied by IBISWorld Inc. (IBISWorld) solely for use by its authorized licenses strictly in accordance with their license agreements with IBISWorld. IBISWorld and All China Ma
2、rketing Research Co., Ltd. (ACMR) makes no representation to any person with regard to the completeness or accuracy of the data or information contained herein, and it accepts no responsibility and disclaims all liability (save for liability which cannot be lawfully disclaimed) for loss or damage wh
3、atsoever suffered or incurred by any other person resulting from the use of, or reliance upon, the data or information contained herein. Copyright in this publication is owned by IBISWorld Inc. and All China Marketing Research Co., Ltd. (ACMR). The publication is sold on the basis that the purchaser
4、 agrees not to copy the material contained within it for other than the purchasers own purposes. In the event that the purchaser uses or quotes from the material in this publication - in papers, reports, or opinions prepared for any other person - it is agreed that it will be sourced to IBISWorld In
5、c. Contents Industry Definition 3 ACTIVITIES (PRODUCTS AND SERVICES)3 SIMILAR INDUSTRIES3 DEMAND (2) Income tax of 25%. A new single income tax system has been implemented in 2008. Both domestic and foreign enterprises are required to pay income tax at a rate of 25%, and favorable tax policies are o
6、nly applicable to the high-tech companies and small- scale domestic firms; (3) CMCT (city construction and maintenance tax) of 1% to 7%. This rate varies according to the location of the enterprise; and, (4) ECEF (extra charges of education funds) of 3%. INDUSTRY CONDITIONS Apparel Manufacturing in
7、China 31 May 2010 Copyright 2010, IBISWorld Inc., All China Marketing Research Co., Ltd. 20 INDUSTRY ASSISTANCE The level of Industry Assistance is medium The trend of Industry Assistance is steady Key Tariffs Goods Low Rate* High Rate* Coats 17.5 130.0 Suits 15.0 130.0 Trousers 16.0 130.0 Shirts 16
8、.0 130.0 *Percentage of value unless otherwise specified To help Chinese enterprises to develop foreign markets, the central government has provided a series of preferential policies. Chinese enterprises are encouraged to establish sales networks, set up specialty stores, and build delivery centers
9、and R (2) Enterprises must comply with local and provincial government environmental and zoning regulations before establishment; (3) Enterprises are required to meet the government occupational health and safety regulations, acts and requirements for employees, contractors and visitors; and, (4) En
10、terprises are subject to environmental laws and regulations regarding discharge of waste and chemicals into the environment. As a large amount of Chinas apparel products are exported to other countries, international laws and regulation are important for this industry. In textile and clothing indust
11、ries, importing countries, in the interest of protecting their own industries, would establish quotas to limit import volumes from certain countries. Countries, which imposed quotas on Chinese apparel products included the US, European Union, Turkey and Canada. In accordance with the WTO commitment,
12、 the global quota system for textile trading was eliminated since January 2005, although the US has recently re-introduced tariffs on some specific Chinese apparel imports. According to WTO agreement, China is not only obliged to comply with all obligations of the multilateral trade agreements impos
13、ed upon all WTO members, but also “WTO-plus“ obligations that are only applicable to China. Paragraph 242 of the report of the Working Party on the Accession of China, the so-called “textile specific safeguard clause“ is to protect market disruptions in foreign countries caused by imports of China t
14、extiles. It stipulates that WTO members, who believe imports of Chinese textiles and apparel are threatening the orderly development of trade in these products in their countries, can request consultations with the Peoples Republic of China with a view to easing or avoiding such market disruption. T
15、he US and EU (the major destinations of Chinas exports) often demand China to restrict its apparel exports to those countries based on paragraph 242). Therefore this paragraph can have a big impact on the development of this industry. COST STRUCTURE Year: 2010 Item Cost % Purchases 65.9%* Wages 11.0
16、%* Rent 4.5%* Utilities 3.3%* Depreciation 2.1%* Other 8.5%* Profit 4.7%* INDUSTRY CONDITIONS Apparel Manufacturing in China 31 May 2010 Copyright 2010, IBISWorld Inc., All China Marketing Research Co., Ltd. 22 This industry has a relatively low profit level. In recent years, rising labor and raw ma
17、terials costs, currency appreciations and reductions on export rebates have brought negative impacts on the industrys profit level. As large-scale enterprises are able to produce high value-added products, their profit level is higher compared with small-scale enterprises, which only produce some ba
18、sic products. The largest component of a firms expense is made up of purchases, including materials such as fabrics and yarns. ACMR-IBISWorld estimates that purchases will account for about 65.9% of industry revenue in 2010. In recent years, rising oil prices and increasing global and domestic deman
19、d for raw materials have led to higher prices and have increased purchase costs. Labor costs make up a relatively large proportion of industry revenue at a forecast 11% in 2010, including management and administration expenses. This industry is quite labor-intensive. However, compared with developed
20、 countries, China has a very low level of labor costs as wages are very low. In comparison, wages per hour for an industry worker is only $0.70 in China, ranked 48th in the world. This level is around 2.7% of Japanese wages, 5% of US wages, 12.5% of Korean wage levels, and this is also 40% lower tha
21、n that of some developing countries, such as Thailand and Malaysia. With the rapid rate of economic development, labor costs as a share of total industry revenue have increased substantially in recent year (although this is from a low base), particularly in coastal areas. The Apparel Manufacturing I
22、ndustry in China is also characterized by a low education level of its workers. Staff with a university degree and above made up only 9.4% of its total employment. By contrast, 76.6% of total employment is of people of high school level and below. Depreciation is estimated to account for about 2.1%
23、of industry revenue in 2010. This is allocated for manufacturing machinery and equipment, office equipment, houses and buildings. A rising depreciation level in recent years indicates increasing investment on equipment. Other costs include promotion and advertisements, transportation costs, and insu
24、rance, making up 8.5% of industry revenue. As firms attempt to gain an advantage in the market, advertising and promotion costs increase. CAPITAL AND LABOR INTENSITY The level of Capital Intensity is low Although the application of advanced equipment has made the industry more capital-intensive in r
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