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1、 AS/NZS 2088:2000 Australian/New Zealand Standard Prams and strollers Safety requirements AS/NZS 2088 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 17 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 2088:2000 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee CS-020, Prams and Strollers. It was app
2、roved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 15 September 2000 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 24 November 2000. It was published on 15 December 2000. The following interests are represented on Committee CS-020: Australian Association of Certification Bodies Aust
3、ralian Chamber of Commerce rather, it is an ergonomic matter. The foot area probe test and requirements proposed in this edition are based on the fact that older babies left unrestrained have moved forwards and subsequently have become entrapped by the neck on the structure or trim of the vehicle. T
4、he requirements are such that any openings in this area must be large enough for a childs body to pass freely through. Another inclusion in this edition is a design requirement for the crotch strap to be located not more than 200 mm from the backrest to prevent the crotch strap being placed at the f
5、ront edge of the seat which often provides no support. Other changes from the current Standard include the introduction of a minimum force required to operate a secondary locking device, and revised clauses covering the safety restraint to clarify the types of shoulder straps which are allowable. Th
6、e term normative has been used in this Standard to define the application of the appendix to which it applies. A normative appendix is an integral part of a Standard. For further product clarification, three-wheeled or jogging strollers fall within the scope of this Standard. Accessed by UNIVERSITY
7、OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 17 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 2088:2000 3 CONTENTS Page 1 SCOPE4 2 OBJECTIVES.4 3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS4 4 DEFINITIONS4 5 DIMENSIONS5 6 MATERIALS6 7 CONSTRUCTION6 8 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 10 9 TESTING12 10 PACKAGING AND INFORMATIVE LABELLING .12 11 MARKING .13 APPENDICES A LOADING .15 B
8、TEST FOR STATIC DURABILITY17 C TEST FOR DYNAMIC DURABILITY.19 D TEST FOR KERB MOUNTING DURABILITY.24 E TEST FOR REMOVABILITY OF A PROJECTION BY A TORQUE FORCE 26 F TEST FOR REMOVABILITY OF A PROJECTION BY A TENSILE FORCE 27 G TEST FOR HAZARDOUS SHARP EDGES .29 H TEST FOR HAZARDOUS SHARP POINTS 31 I
9、TEST FOR DURABILITY OF PARKING DEVICES.33 J DETERMINATION OF EFFICIENCY OF PARKING DEVICES34 K DETERMINATION OF EFFICIENCY OF RESTRAINTS AND ATTACHMENTS FOR RESTRAINTS .36 L HEAD BARRIER PROBE TEST.40 M FOOT OPENINGS PROBE TEST.44 N TEST FOR STABILITY47 O TEST FOR SECURITY OF WHEELS.48 P TEST FOR SE
10、CURITY OF REVERSIBLE HANDLE ENGAGEMENT49 Q TEST FOR SECURITY OF LOCKING DEVICES51 R METHOD OF MARKING THE POSITION OF WHEELS ON THE SURFACE OF THE TILTING PLATFORM54 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 17 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 2088:2000 COPYRIGHT 4 STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Austra
11、lian/New Zealand Standard Prams and strollers Safety requirements 1 SCOPE This Standard specifies materials, construction, performance and labelling requirements for prams and strollers, and includes a dimensional requirement for the depth of a pram. It defines prams and strollers and where these ar
12、e jointly referred to, refers to them as vehicles. 2 OBJECTIVES The objective of this Standard is to provide manufacturers, authorities and others with minimum safety requirements in order to reduce the likelihood of injury to children. 3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to
13、in this Standard: AS 1192 Electroplated coatingsNickel and chromium 1231 Aluminium and aluminium alloysAnodic oxidation 1647 Childrens toys (Safety requirements) 1647.1 Part 1: General requirements 1647.2 Part 2: Constructional requirements 1647.3 Part 3: Toxicological requirements 1815 Metallic mat
14、erialsRockwell hardness test 2382 Surface roughness comparison specimens NZS 5822 The prevention of ingestion and inhalation hazards in toys intended for use by children under three years of age BS 6684 Safety harnesses for restraining children when in perambulators (baby carriages), pushchairs and
15、high chairs and when walking United States Military Specification* MIL-I- 23594C Insulation tape, electrical; high temperature, polytetrafluoroethylene, pressure sensitive 4 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions below apply. 4.1 Accessory Any item which is not an integral par
16、t of the vehicle but is specified by the manufacturer as being suitable for use with the vehicle. * Copies are available from the Technical Information Unit, Department of Defence, 339 Swanston Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, and may be viewed at Standards Australia Information Centres. Accessed
17、by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 17 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 2088:2000 COPYRIGHT 5 4.2 Folding Collapsing or bending a portion of the vehicle through a hinge mechanism provided for the purpose. 4.3 Liner A removable, additional seat pad. 4.4 Load, loading The test dummy or test dummies simulating a child
18、or children (as specified in Appendix A) and the weight of goods or accessories specified in printed instructions provided with the vehicle. 4.5 May Indicates the existence of an option. 4.6 Pram A wheeled vehicle with a body of box-like or boat-like shape designed to transport a baby or child weigh
19、ing up to and including 9 kg primarily in a fully reclined position. 4.7 Quick-release mechanism A securing device which is released by the application of one force acting in one direction. 4.8 Shall Indicates that a statement is mandatory. 4.9 Should Indicates a recommendation. 4.10 Stroller A whee
20、led vehicle designed to transport a child in a seated position, and which may also be adjusted to a semi-reclined or a fully reclined position. 4.11 Structural failure Observed breakage, or failure to remain operational. 4.12 Vehicle In the context of this Standard, a pram or stroller. 4.13 Wheel Ei
21、ther a single wheel or a set of adjacent wheels attached to the same mounting point, unless otherwise stated. 5 DIMENSIONS The minimum depth of the body of a pram at, or at any position within 300 mm from the harness attachment points, shall be 140 mm when measured from the top edge of the top surfa
22、ce of the mattress or the next horizontal plane (the seat if there is one). The minimum depth at any other point on the sides or ends of the body shall be 100 mm. A useful source of data for determining other dimensions for prams and strollers is: NHMRC Percentile chartsCharts and tables of heights,
23、 masses and head circumferences of infants, children and adolescents, Canberra: AGPS, 1981. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 17 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 2088:2000 COPYRIGHT 6 6 MATERIALS 6.1 Toxicity All materials and coatings shall comply with the relevant requirements of AS 1647.3. 6.2 Corrosio
24、n All metal parts, including springs, nuts, bolts and washers, shall either be made of corrosion-resistant material or be protected against corrosion. 6.3 Electroplated coatings of nickel and chromium Nickel and chromium electroplating shall comply with the requirements for Service Condition No. 2 (
25、Moderate), as specified in AS 1192. 6.4 Anodic oxidation coatings Anodized aluminium frames shall be anodized in accordance with the requirements for Grade 4 (minimum average thickness 10 m) specified in AS 1231. 7 CONSTRUCTION 7.1 Objects which could come into contact with a childs head A pram, or
26、a stroller in any configuration should not have any protruding objects which are not padded or otherwise protected which could come into contact with a childs head when the child is properly restrained in the vehicle. 7.2 Open-ended tubes Vehicles shall not contain any open-ended tubes in which a ch
27、ilds finger or fingers could be trapped when the child is properly restrained in the vehicle. All open ended tubes that are accessible to a child within a pram/stroller and allow the passage of a 5 mm diameter rod to a depth of 10 mm or more, shall also allow the passage of a 12 mm diameter rod. 7.3
28、 Reversible handles Either of the following shall apply: (a) Where a reversible handle is operated by a single release mechanism, a clearance shall be provided between the handle parts and the armrest or side of the vehicle for a distance downwards of not less than 50 mm throughout the arc of moveme
29、nt of the handle as it passes the armrest or side of the vehicle (see Figure 1). It shall be possible for a rod with a diameter of 12 mm and a length of 50 mm to be pulled through the clearance (see gap shown in Figure 1) with a force of not more than 20 N. (b) More than one release mechanism shall
30、be provided, and at least one of the release mechanisms shall be situated on a side arm of the handle, not more than 200 mm above the plane of armrest or top of the side of the vehicle (see Figure 2). NOTE: The requirements in Clause 7.3(a) and Clause 7.3(b) are to reduce the likelihood of a childs
31、fingers being in the path of a reversing handle. Either the gap is sufficient to clear the fingers if a childs hands are on the armrest or side of the vehicle, or at least one operating mechanism for the handle is situated so that the operator is forced to be within close proximity to the child whil
32、e operating the handle, and thus may be likely to observe whether the childs hands are in the path of the handle as it moves. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 17 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 2088:2000 COPYRIGHT 7 DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES FIGURE 1 CLEARANCE FOR REVERSIBLE HANDLES DIMENSIONS IN MILLIM
33、ETRES FIGURE 2 POSITION FOR ONE HANDLE RELEASE DEVICE 7.4 Footrest Strollers shall be fitted with a footrest. Where a stroller is designed for more than one child, provision shall be made for each child. NOTE: This requirement is to reduce the likelihood of the childs feet reaching the ground when t
34、he child is properly restrained in the stroller. 7.5 Detachable components Any component which is designed to be detachable, the removal of which would be hazardous to the child, shall be attached to the vehicle in such a manner that the means of attachment shall be (a) not easily accessible to the
35、child while the child is properly restrained in the vehicle; or (b) resistant to being operated by the child. This means the mechanism will not be a quick release mechanism unless the force required to operate the mechanism is at least 40 N. NOTE: It is difficult to specify a location for release me
36、chanisms which will ensure that a child cannot come into contact with them under all conditions of use. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 17 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 2088:2000 COPYRIGHT 8 Once removed, the attached component shall not be small enough to create an inhalation or ingestion hazard as
37、determined by AS 1647.2 Appendix D for Australia or NZS 5822 Appendix D for New Zealand. 7.6 Parking device Vehicles shall have one or more types of parking device that limit movement of the vehicle, as specified in Clause 8.5.2. The release mechanism of any parking device shall be located so that i
38、t is not easily accessible to a child while the child is properly restrained in the vehicle. (See Note to Clause 7.5.) 7.7 Locking devices 7.7.1 General Each folding vehicle shall have at least one main locking device and at least one additional device. 7.7.2 Primary locking device The primary locki
39、ng device shall lock the folding mechanism in the normal operating position of the vehicle; the device may be operated manually. It shall require positive action on the part of the operator to release the device. 7.7.3 Secondary locking device The secondary locking device shall be separate from and
40、act independently of the primary locking device. The device shall lock automatically when the vehicle is erected for use, but shall require positive action on the part of the operator, to release it. Release of the secondary device shall not release or impair the efficiency of the primary locking de
41、vice. Where the chassis and body or chassis and seat can be separated, the secondary locking device shall act on the chassis. When the primary locking device is released, the secondary locking device shall not permit any folding action in any plane above the base of the body of the vehicle to move m
42、ore than one-third of its total movement between the normal operating and fully folded positions. NOTE: The primary and secondary locking devices can be identical in design and operation provided the device meets the secondary locking requirements. 7.7.4 Actuator for locking devices The actuator for
43、 the primary locking device shall be (a) not easily accessible to the child while the child is properly restrained in the vehicle; or (b) resistant to being operated by the child. If force is the means by which the actuator is rendered child resistant, the force to operate the actuator shall be at l
44、east 40 N. 7.8 Occupant retention 7.8.1 Safety restraint 7.8.1.1 General requirements The following requirements apply: (a) Strollers shall have incorporated an integral permanently attached harness assembly, comprising shoulder, waist and crotch straps. An example is shown in Figure 3. NOTE: The ad
45、justable range of the harness should be such that the harness can be adjusted to fit the range of occupants for whom the vehicle is designed. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 17 Sep 2008 AS/NZS 2088:2000 COPYRIGHT 9 (b) Except where D-rings are a part of the harness assembly e.g. with a
46、body harness, all vehicles shall have incorporated fittings suitable for the attachment of a harness complying with BS 6684. (c) Waist straps and attachments for restraints shall be attached so that they prevent undue movement of the harness in the vehicle. NOTE: The intention of this requirement is
47、 to prevent the harness sliding into a position that will allow the child to move out of the designed seating or reclining position. (d) The buckling device of any safety restraint system shall not include a quick-release mechanism, and shall be constructed so as to prevent removal of the buckling d
48、evice from the strap. (e) Strollers designed for more than one child shall comply with Items (a) and (b) for all seating positions. FIGURE 3 TYPICAL HARNESS ASSEMBLY 7.8.1.2 Shoulder straps Shoulder straps shall have a minimum width of 15 mm and shall either (a) meet the seat back with a maximum dis
49、tance of 150 mm between their inside edges at the point at which they meet the seat back; or (b) be attached to an adjustable rear waist strap which is incorporated with the front waist strap so as to encircle the childs torso. The shoulder straps shall meet the part of the rear waist strap which is adjacent to the childs back and the maximum distance between the inside edges of the shoulder straps at that point shall be 100 mm. 7.8.1.3 Waist straps Waist straps shall have a minimum width of 20 mm. Accessed by U
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